Maluwa ndi kukongoletsa kwabwino kwa dimba. Ndi iwo mutha kupanga mabedi amaluwa, kukonza maluwa. Kuti mutukule kwathunthu, maluwa amenewa amafunika chisamaliro choyenera. Ndikofunikira kuti wamaluwa adye momwe angadyetsere maluwa pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana za chaka komanso magawo osiyanasiyana akukulidwa.
Momwe mungadyetsere maluwa
Maluwa amapatsidwa chakudya feteleza. Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba chimachitika koyambirira kwa Meyi pambuyo pa anyezi. Kuti mbewu zikule bwino, zimafunikira nayitrogeni. Zophatikiza zovuta zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mawonekedwe amadzimadzi. Zovala ziwiri zapamwamba zimachitika pakati komanso kumapeto kwa mwezi.
Maluwa m'mundamo
Kudyetsa maluwa pachaka chonse - malingaliro oyamba kumene
Maluwa asanafike maluwa, maluwa amafunika kalimagnesia. Amapangitsa maluwa m'mundamo kukhala bwino komanso opusa. Madzimadzi pamwamba ovala amachitika mutathirira mbewu.
Zofunika! Mukakulitsa maluwa ndi mbande, kuvala pamwamba kumachitidwanso kosiyanasiyana.
Maluwa akunyumba amakondanso kuvala zowonjezera zapamwamba, zomwe zimayambitsidwa kuchokera nthawi yopanga tsinde.
Maukadaulo a ntchito ndi kapangidwe kake
Kudyetsa maluwa kumafuna kudziwa. Maonekedwe a mbewu zimatengera ngati feteleza adagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera.
Feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala kwambiri kuti zisawononge mababu. Dothi limasulidwa kuchokera kumwamba. Kukumba kumachitika mpaka 35 cm cm.
Ngati chovala chapamwamba:
- feteleza wachilengedwe;
- feteleza wa nayitrogeni;
- phulusa.
Mwa feteleza wachilengedwe, mullein wothira ndi madzi 1 mpaka 10. Wagwirira feteleza wambiri wa nayitrogeni ndi ammonium nitrate. Supuni imodzi yamalonda imakonkhedwa pachikuta chimodzi. mita Phulusa limayendetsa bwino nthaka ndikuthothira tizirombo.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kudyetsa masika kwa maluwa obiriwira
Zomera zimakhala zamphamvu ngati muwonjezerera feteleza wa nayitrogeni nthawi ya masika musanayambe maluwa. Kutentha kwa dothi kuyenera kukhala 6 ° C ndi kukwera, apo ayi ngati feteleza sangatengeke ndi mbeu. Urea kapena ammonium nitrate imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kwa 1 sq.m, supuni ziwiri za granules zowuma zimatha. Mukamaika maluwa pakona, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madiresi pamwamba, chifukwa michere imatsukidwa nthawi yothirira kapena mvula. Malita 10 a feteleza amadya pa 1 sq.
Masamba akaoneka, mbewu zimafunikira phosphorous. Chezani kuvala kwapamwamba pamutu.
Tcherani khutu! Chapakatikati, ndikofunikira kuthira mbewu ndi madzi a Bordeaux. Kukhala njira yabwino yopewera komanso yoteteza ku matenda osiyanasiyana.
Kavalidwe kazilimwe
M'chilimwe, mbewu zimafunikiranso kuthira manyowa, koma ndizochepa chakudya. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika mu Julayi ndi feteleza wophatikizidwa m'madzi. Superphosphate kapena kalimagnesia ndi oyenera kuchita izi. Feteleza zimasungidwa m'madzi pang'ono mkangano. Madziwo amalimbitsa tsinde, amathandizira kuti maluwa aziwala bwino.
Kuchokera kwachilengedwe, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa. Amawazidwa pabedi pamaluwa kuti asakhudze masamba. Zomera ziyenera kuthiriridwa.
Mavalidwe apamwamba kwambiri
Mukugwa, mbewu zimazimirira, komanso amafunika feteleza kuti abwezeretse, kulimbitsa mababu. Munthawi imeneyi, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous zimawonjezeredwa. Feteleza amateteza mbewu ku fungus ndi matenda ena. Kutsirira mbewu kumachepetsedwa. Kuthira feteleza ndi michere ya mchere kumachepetsedwa, chifukwa kumatha kupangitsa kukula.
Feteleza zachilengedwe zithandiza kuti mbewu zizipulumuka nyengo yozizira:
- humus;
- kompositi
- manyowa.
Tcherani khutu! Baluyo imakutidwa ndi danga la masentimita 10. Chifukwa chake, mabulawo amawadyetsa ndikuwatchinjiriza kuzizira.
Chifukwa chiyani ndikofunikira kuthira maluwa a maluwa
Babu ndiye gawo lobisika la chomera. Kukula kwathunthu, mapangidwe a maluwa mumaluwa zimatengera kukula kwake. Ndikofunika kudziwa momwe ungagwiritsire manyowa maluwa komanso momwe ungagwiritsire ntchito manyowa. Kuvala koyenera komanso kovomerezeka pamtunda kudzakuthandizani kukhala ndi masamba obiriwira athanzi komanso maluwa abwino chaka chamawa.
Zomwe simungathe kudyetsa maluwa
Maluwa sangathe kudyetsedwa ndi manyowa atsopano. Zomera zimatha kumera ndi kufota.
Nthawi yabwino yothira feteleza
Manyowa maluwa kutengera nyengo. Iyenera kuwongoleredwa ndi kutentha kwa dothi. Chovala chapamwamba choyambirira chimachitika nthaka ikafunda mpaka + 6-7 ° C. Atha kukhala akuyamba kwa Epulo-Meyi. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitidwanso, ndikuyang'ana kutalika kwa tsinde, liyenera kukhala osachepera 10 cm.
Momwe manyowa maluwa
Olima odziwa zamaluwa amadziwa nthawi yobzala maluwa pakama. Izi zimachitika bwino mu nthawi yotsatila. Mu nthawi ya masika, ndikutulutsa mababu a maluwa poyera zimachitidwa koyambirira. M'dzinja, miyezi yoyenera kwambiri ndi Seputembala ndi Okutobala. Mababu okhala ndi phesi lakufa ayenera kubzala, ndiye kuti, iwo omwe amaliza zomerazo.
Kudyetsa maluwa pamene mukubzala
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kubzala maluwa. Sakonda malo opanda mthunzi komanso dothi lonyowa. Sayenera kubzalidwa pansi pa mitengo yoterera mumthunzi. Kutengera mitundu, malo amasamba kapena mthunzi wocheperako amasankhidwa.
Zomera zimamera bwino ndikukula ngati pali gawo lokwanira la humus m'chigawo choyambira. Pakubzala mita iliyonse, kubzala ndowa ndikuzunguliza. Mutha kuwonjezera urea pamtunda wa 200 g pa mamilimita 10. mita. Kuti mbewu zimere bwino kukumba, zimabalalitsa 500 g wa potaziyamu sulfate 1 makilogalamu a superphosphate. Njira ina ikhoza kukhala feteleza wovuta: diammofoska kapena azofoska.
Kudyetsa maluwa musanafike maluwa
Pakuwonekera masamba oyamba, maluwa amafunika feteleza wamamineral ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yovuta yomwe imagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati ndi kotheka, kudyetsa maluwa musanafike maluwa kukonzekera palokha. Mu malita 10redwe 1 tbsp. l superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate. Feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuthirira pamilingo ya malita 3-4 pa 1 sq. m
Zinthu za feteleza pa siteji ya budding
Pa nthawi ya budding, mukamagwiritsa ntchito feteleza, muyenera kuyika nthaka m'nthaka ndi utuchi kapena udzu wosenda. Njirazi ndizofunikira popewa kuchulukana kwa chimbudzi nthawi yayitali. Kuchulukitsa kochulukirapo kumafunikira.
Maluwa mu masamba
Momwe mungadyetsere maluwa a June mu maluwa
Wamaluwa ayenera kudziwa kudyetsa maluwa mu June musanafike maluwa. Mtundu wolemera wa ma phale athandiza kupereka ammophos. Zimathandizanso kuti mbewu zizitha kuthana ndi mavuto, matenda ndi tizilombo.
Kudyetsa maluwa akuthengo kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga nthawi ya maluwa.
Zofunika! Payenera kukhala nayitrogeni mu feteleza. Ichi ndiye chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za michere. Kuperewera kwake kumalepheretsa kukula kwa mbewu.
Urea kapena nitrophosphate nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomera zimathiridwa pansi pa muzu, madzi sayenera kugwa pamasamba.
Kuvala kwapamwamba mutadula kapena maluwa
M'dzinja, mbewu zikukonzekera nyengo yachisanu ndipo zakudya zoyenera kwa iwo ndizofunikira kwambiri. Pakutha kwa chilimwe, feteleza watsopano amabweretsedwa. Itha kukhala kukonzekera kovuta komwe kali ndi superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulfate. Adzabwezanso zakupatsana michere ndikuziteteza ku matenda. Feteleza wa nayitrogeni sangagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Muyenera kuganizira za nyengo ya dimba lomwe limakula. Zopangira feteleza siziyenera kuchedwa kwambiri, apo ayi mphukira zobiriwira zitha kuwoneka. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito komposachedwa kapena manyowa pogwiritsa ntchito manyowa. Nthaka idzadzazidwanso ndi zinthu zofunikira ndikupatsidwanso malo ena kuzizira. Dothi la kompositi lili pamwambapa ndipo limakhala pafupifupi 10 cm.Pakatikati limasakanikirana ndi kumasula.
Lily Thirani pambuyo maluwa
Pambuyo pazaka 3-5, maluwa ayenera kusamutsidwira kumalo ena, apo ayi maluwa sangakhalenso apamwamba. Mababu amatulutsa zinthu zapoizoni zomwe zimavulaza mbewu yakeyonso. Kuphatikiza apo, babu a mayi amakula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti duwa ligawidwe.
Ndikofunika kupetsa mbewu nthawi yakugwa. Pambuyo maluwa, mababu amamera bwino m'malo atsopano, ndipo palibe chifukwa chowasungira.
Tcherani khutu! Madeti osankhidwa amasankhidwa kutengera ndi nyengo yanthawi.
Chifukwa cha malo oyandikana nawo akhoza kukhala kumapeto kwa Ogasiti ndi kuyamba kwa Seputembala. M'madera akumwera kwambiri a kakombo wobzalidwa mu Seputembala ndi Okutobala.
Lily kumuika
Kusankhidwa kwa dothi
Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa dothi pochotsa maluwa ndi gawo lofunika kuti akule bwino. Kutengera mitundu ya mbewu, zimatsimikizika kuti ndi dothi liti lomwe amafuna: acidic kapena alkaline.
Tcherani khutu! Mulimonsemo, dothi losinthanitsa liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndikulipika. Madzi osasunthika amadzipanikira muzomera zochulukitsa. Ndikofunikira kukonzanso dothi labwino komanso losakanizira asidi. Iyenera kukhala ndi peat ndi mchenga.
Kuvala kuvala
Maluwa akabzalidwe, superphosphate wapawiri ndi potaziyamu amawonjezeredwa m'nthaka. Lime kapena dolomite ufa umawonjezeredwa ku dothi acidic.
Nthawi yobzala maluwa poyera
Chifukwa chake, maluwa ndi mbewu zoyenera m'mundamo. Zikuchepa kwambiri kutentha, zimagwirizana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Popeza kukula kwathunthu kwa mbeu kumatengera bulb, iyenera kuphatikizidwa. Mukabzala, pa nthawi ya budding ndi maluwa, zovala zingapo zapamwamba ndizofunikira. Muyenera kuyang'anira nthawi yazaka komanso nyengo. Kudyetsa ndikofunikanso pozula mbewu kumalo atsopano. Ndizofunikira pakukula kwathunthu ndi kukula kwamaluwa.
Zotsatira zamaluwa zimadalira mtundu wa chisamaliro chomera chaka chonse.
