Strawberry mwina ndi chipatso chofala kwambiri pazinthu zapakhomo. Zipatso zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, kuzizira, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyengo yozizira (jams, preserves, compotes, etc.). Kusankha bwino mitundu kumapatsa zokolola zambiri. Anakumana wamaluwa amalimbikitsa kulabadira Malvina sitiroberi zosiyanasiyana.
Mbiri ya sitiroberi zosiyanasiyana "Malvina"
Mitundu yambiri "Malvina" inabweretsa wolemba ku Germany Peter Stoppel mu 2010. Chikhalidwe chotengedwa ndi kusakanizidwa kwa makina "Schimmelpfeng", "Weihenstefan" ndi "Sophie".
Mukudziwa? Ili ndilo mtundu wokha wa munda wa strawberries, womwe ndiwekha wokhala ndi mungu wozembera komanso mochedwa kwambiri.
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana
Musanabzala strawberries "Malvina" munda wa munda ayenera kudziwa bwino momwe akufotokozera zosiyanasiyana.
Chitsamba cha sitiroberi "Malvina" chimakula mpaka theka la mita m'litali ndi 50 cm mwake. Zipatso kamodzi kanthawi. Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July, chomera chimayamba kuphuka, ndipo kumapeto kwa zaka khumi zoyambirira za mwezi womwewo, ukhoza kuona mapangidwe a mazira ndi zipatso zobiriwira.
Zipatsozo zimayamba kumapeto kumapeto kwa June ndikutha kumapeto kwa theka lachiwiri la July pogwiritsa ntchito sitiroberi yakucha "Malvina" amatanthauza chinthu chimodzi mwaposachedwa.
Lekani chikhalidwe chachikulu, chokongola, chowala bwino. Maluwa aakulu ali pansi pa masamba, mungu wochokera pamadzi.
Chikhalidwe chimapanga ndevu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kubereka.
Zokolola za sitiroberi "Malvina" zimayambira 0,5 makilogalamu kufika 1 kg pa chitsamba, malingana ndi kukula kwa nthaka ndi ulimi.
Zipatso zazikulu (kulemera kwake kwa mabulosi amodzi mpaka 35-40 g) zimaphimbidwa ndi khungu lonyezimira, zikadzala bwino zimasintha mtundu wofiira. Zipatsozi ndi zokometsera, zokoma, zowonjezera.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa sitiroberi "Malvina"
Akatswiri amatsindika izi Ubwino wa sitiroberi "Malvina": 
- bwino kukoma kwa zipatso chifukwa cha shuga mkulu wokhutira;
- luso lotha kuyendetsa mbewu pa mtunda wautali, monga kulekerera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.
- mawonekedwe abwino a zipatso, zomwe ziri zofunika ngati kugulitsa kwa zokolola kukonzedwa; Komanso, pamene amasungidwa m'chipinda chozizira sitiroberi "Malvina" amakhalabe ndi ulaliki wake kwa masiku angapo;
- late fruiting. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muwonjezere nthawi yokolola, kukolola ndi kudya zipatso zatsopano, ndiko kutambasula nyengo ya mabulosi.
- Mitengo iyenera kukhala pamtunda wautali, zomwe sizingatheke pakhomo laling'ono;
- zokolola za zosiyanasiyana ndi 10-20% poyerekeza ndi malingaliro ofunika. Ngakhale kuti vutoli likulipiridwa ndi kukoma kwake kwa chipatso.
Mukudziwa? Pa tchire zitatu "Malvina" a masamba ang'onoang'ono zana amadziwika mwachindunji pa zipatso. Ichi ndi chilema cha chibadwa.
Nthawi ndi kusankha malo obzala strawberries
Kugwirizana ndi kulima strawberries "malvina" zamakono zamakono zamakono, kuphatikizapo malo abwino odzala ndi mbande yoyenera kubzala mbande, zimapangitsa kuti azikolola bwino.
Malo abwino kwambiri a chikhalidwe adzakhala Konzani ndi yosalala pamwamba amatetezedwa ku zojambula, popanda udzu, makamaka osatha.
Ngakhale munda wa strawberries suli wovuta kwambiri panthaka, zingakhale bwino kumverera pa nthaka yachonde, yowala.
Nthaŵi yabwino yobwera ndilo theka lachiwiri la August - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September. Musanayambe tchire (mwezi uliwonse), zimalangizidwa kukumba bedi kuzama kwa 25-30 cm.
Strawberry mbande kubzala ndondomeko
Pakuti chodzala kusankha wamphamvu, popanda kuwonongeka kwa antenna ndi masamba 3-4 ndipo anapanga rosette. Nkofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti mizu siidodometsa, khalani ndi lobe wamphamvu.
Ndi bwino kuika mbande m'mizere.
Ndikofunikira! Pakati pa maphikidwe a sitiroberi "Malvina" ayenera kukhala 0,5-0.7 m, ndipo mzerewu ukhale 0.6-0.7 mamita. Tchire lalikulu zimakhala ndi malo ambiri komanso dzuwa.
Madzi amathiridwa mu dzenje. Pambuyo pake, yang'anizani nyemba, yongolani mizu ndikuphimba ndi dziko lapansi, imbani pang'ono. Ndiye ndikofunikira kuthiranso chomera kachiwiri, koma osati pansi pazu, koma kuzungulira mmera. Ndiye kuthirira kumachitika kawiri pa tsiku mpaka chikhalidwe cha mbande chiri mizu.
Kawirikawiri Malvina sitiroberi imangowamba mizu m'malo atsopano.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kulima kwa strawberries mitundu "Malvina"
Kuti mumve kukoma kwa zonunkhira za Malvina zipatso, muyenera kuphunzira zenizeni za kukula kwa chikhalidwechi.
Kupewa ndi chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo
Strawberry "Malvina" amadziwika bwino ndi matenda abwino monga powdery mildew ndi verticillary wilt. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi bulauni.
Chikhalidwe chofala kwambiri chimakhudzidwa ndi nkhungu yakuda.. Chiwonongekochi chikhoza kuwoneka nyengo yozizira, yamvula. Zipatsozi zimachepa, zimapanga maonekedwe a imvi. Ngati mvula ikuchedwa, akatswiri amathandiza kuti matenda asagone pakati pa mizere ya utukuta. Njira zothandizira izi zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- Musanayambe maluwa, bedi liyenera kuperekedwa ndi mkuwa oxychloride. Supuni imodzi ya mankhwala imatsitsimutsidwa mu 10 malita a madzi. Pazithunzi 1. M nthaka imapereka 1 l of solution;
- Pambuyo pomaliza fruiting, derali likhoza kubwereranso. Panopa, supuni 2 zamkuwa oxychloride (pa 1 mita imodzi ya nthaka) zimaphatikizidwa ku chidebe cha madzi. Kumeneko tsitsani sopo pang'ono. Mankhwalawa akhoza kuthandizidwa ndi yankho la Bordeaux fluid (1%).
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo kuchotsa chipatso chovunda, musamangogwira mwamsanga zomera zathanzi. Kotero inu mukhoza kuwapatsira iwo.
"Malvinu" siwowoneka, koma tizirombo monga thrips (kudyetsa zipatso) ndi zojambulajambula (kudya masamba ndi mizu).
Pofuna kuteteza munda wa strawberries kuchokera ku weevil, zidzakhala zokwanira kuti zithetse panthawi ya maluwa, komanso mutatha kukolola zipatso ndi kukonza "Aktara" kapena mankhwala ena othandiza.
Mukhoza kuchotsa thrips mwa kupopera mbewu za sitiroberi nthawi imodzimodzi ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. "Aktellik", "Aktara", "Spintor", "Decis", "Actofit", "Fitosporin" ndi ena. Pofuna kupewa, mukhoza kubzala kwambiri zomera (adyo, tsabola wofiira, yarrow, anyezi, ndi zina zotero) pakati pa mizere ya strawberries kapena spray Malvina ndi zokolola za mbewu izi.
Pogonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti mphutsi zawo zisamafalikire, muyenera kuchotsa mosamala zitsamba zonse zakuwonongeka.
Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse
Strawberry "Malvina" pakukula kumafuna kugwirizana ndi mphamvu yabwino ya madzi.
Pa kukula nyengo, kucha ndi fruiting amafunika madzi okwanira nthawi zonse. Popanda kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, zipatso zimakhala zochepa, zimatha kulawa.
Kudzetsa udzu
Kuti musapitirire kulemera kwa nthaka pansi pa strawberries ndi mankhwala ndi kuonetsetsa kuti zokololazo zikhale bwino, kuchepetsa nthawi zonse kudzakhala njira yabwino kwambiri ya udzu m'munda wokhala ndi strawberries "Malvina". Ndondomekoyi imachitika ngati pakufunika.
Izi zidzathandiza kusunga zakudya za chikhalidwe pansi, kupereka kuchuluka kwa kuwala ndi chinyezi.
Kodi kudyetsa sitiroberi baka
Akatswiri amalangiza kuti azichita Kudyetsa "Malvina" mu magawo atatu:
- kukula kwa masamba oyambirira Muyenera kupanga mlingo woopsa wa nayitrogeni, womwe udzaonetsetse kuti apangidwe zipatso. Njira yabwino ya fetereza ingakhale 10 g wa urea pa 1 mita imodzi. M nthaka yankho la zitosi za mbalame (1:50), manyowa a ng'ombe (1:10).
- pa maluwa pangani 15-20 g pa 1 lalikulu. M ya nthaka yovuta kwambiri ya feteleza ndi phosphorous, nayitrogeni, potaziyamu;
- pambuyo pokolola sitiroberi yokolola kuti apange zipatso zabwino, azidya katatu popanda kugwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni. 15-20 g wa sodium kloridi kapena superphosphate zimapanga 1 lalikulu. M nthaka.
Ndikofunikira! Zomera zowonjezera zimafuna hafu ya feteleza zambiri, ndipo ngati strawberries imakula pamtunda wa mchenga, mlingowo umapitsidwanso kawiri.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira
Strawberry "Malvina" ili ndi nyengo yozizira hardiness (imalekerera kutentha mpaka -19 ° C).
Komabe, m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri, m'pofunika kuphimba mabedi a sitiroberi m'nyengo yozizira ndi udzu, nthambi za fir, ndi udzu.
Strawberry "Malvina" pobzala ndi kusamalira sizowoneka mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya mbewuyi. Kukolola mowolowa manja kumapitirira kuposa kulipira zonse.
