Zomera zamaluwa zimakongoletsa minda, kuzipangitsa kukhala zowala komanso zokongola kwambiri. Clarkia mokoma imatanthauzira za maluwa amtunduwu, kotero kuti alimi ndi osangalala kukulitsa iwo m'minda yawo.
Maonekedwe okongola a Clarkia
Chikhalidwechi ndi cha banja lililonse la banja lachiypro. Pafupifupi mitundu yake yonse yamaluwa imakhala yokongola kwambiri komanso kwa nthawi yayitali, kusangalatsa maso ndi mitundu yowala.
Kutalika kwa chitsamba sikuposa theka la mita. Maluwa okongola a Clarkia unguiculata ndi ochepa kukula komanso yaying'ono. Zomwe zimayambira ndi zowongoka komanso nthambi, ndi mphonje mu mawonekedwe a villi.
Chomera chamaluwa
Masamba adapakidwa utoto wonyezimira komanso womata. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owongoka, owumbika pang'ono, omwe amapezeka pamtunda mulitali. Maluwa okhala ndi masentimita 3-5 amatha kukhala osavuta kapena awiri. Ma inflorescence okhala ndi carpal kapena mawonekedwe owoneka ngati kangaude amabwera mosiyanasiyana. Ma peduniking amodzi ndizosowa kwambiri. Mbewu zomwe zatsekedwa m'bokosi lalitali zitatsegulidwa mutakhwima.
Zofunika! Ubwino waukulu wa duwa ndi kukana kwake kuzizira. Clarkia amafunikira kuwala kambiri kuti maluwa azikhala bwino, chifukwa chake mukakulitsa nyumba, sankhani mawindo oyang'ana dzuwa.
Maluwa a Clarkia amatuluka kuchokera kuzokhumudwitsa za masamba apamwamba. Kutali, duwa limafanana ndi tinsalu tating'ono. Ogwira maluwa amakonda kubzala mbewu panja, zowoneka bwino ndi zenera. Ma bouque odulidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa zipinda.
Kuthengo, Clarkia amapezeka ku Chile komanso kumadzulo kwa United States. Mitundu yoposa 30 yamadzi imadziwika, koma atatu okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zokongoletsera, kumene amtundu watsopano amaberekamo. Maluwa a Clarkia adabwera ku Europe kuchokera ku USA. Linalandira dzina la William Clark, yemwe m'zaka za XIX adamubweretsa ku Old World.
Mitundu yotchuka
Maluwa okongola a Clarkia ali ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zotchuka kwambiri ndi:
- Albatross. Gawoli limachitika pachaka. Kutalika kwa tsinde kumafika masentimita 75. Mphukira zake ndizophukira kwambiri, zokhala ndi ma terry inflorescence oyera kumapeto.
- Chikondwerero. Kutalika kwa mtengowo ndi pafupifupi masentimita 80-90. Umachita maluwa mu Meyi-June. Maluwa ofiira, awiriawiri amafika mainchesi 4.
- Kupanda ungwiro. Chimodzi mwazitsamba zazitali kwambiri pamtunduwu. Kutalika kwake kumafikira mita 1. Maluwa amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wofewa wa pinki. Dawo lawo silidutsa 3.5 cm.
- Dzuwa. Tchire limakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 65-70. Zomera zake zokha zimamera zokha, salmon mtundu.
- Malalanje Tchire limakula mpaka 55-65 cm kutalika. Maluwa a utoto wowala wa lalanje amakopa chidwi cha ena.
- Clarkia Sakura. Imakhala ndi ma terry inflorescence a mtundu oyera ndi tint ya pinki. Kutalika kwa tchire kumafikira masentimita 120. Pomera patali kuchokera kutali, zikuwoneka kuti chitumbuwa cha ku Japan chimaphukira ndi dzina lomweli.
Mitundu ina iti ya Clarky yomwe alimi amalima
M'mabedi ndi maluwa mungathe kuwona ena oimira banja ili. Zina mwa izi ndi mitundu:
- Clarkia Terry. Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi tsinde lotalika (mpaka 65 cm) komanso inflorescence zazikulu malinga ndi muyeso wa mitundu. Amafika mainchesi 6 m'mimba mwake. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa khutu.
- Malingaliro Chitsamba chachikhalidwe chimafika masentimita 75. Mtengowo umasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa obiriwira ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya inflorescence.
- Wokongola. Chomera chotsika kwambiri, kutalika kwake komwe kumafika masentimita 30. Mapulaneti a Clarkia awa ndiwosavuta komanso osavuta. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa Meyi ndikupitilira mpaka chisanu.
- Breveri. Izi ndi mtundu watsopano. Imaletseka ndi chisanu chowala, imafalikira m'njira yopanda mmera. Chitsamba ndichopangika, chimakhala ndi maluwa ofiira.
Clarkia: Kukula kwa nthanga ndikabzyala mbande
Chomera chimafuna dothi lopepuka lomwe lili ndi mchere wambiri. Mbewu zofesedwa kuyambira m'ma March mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Epulo. Ndondomeko ziyenera kukhala motere:
- Konzani zotengera zakuya kwakuya ndi nthaka yachonde. Mbewu ya mbewuyi ndi yaying'ono, motero siyiyenera kuzamitsidwa.
- Kuti mbewu zimere mwachangu, zimafunikira kuthiridwa madzi kapena zopangika zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikule.
- Asanabzale, mbewuzo zimasakanizika ndi mchenga, ndipo zochulukazo zimagawidwa panthaka.
- Dziko lapansi limasunthidwa pang'ono ndipo, utatha kuwaza ndi madzi, umakutidwa ndi filimu.
- Mphamvuzi zimayikidwa pazowoneka bwino pawindo, koma osayatsidwa ndi dzuwa.
Choyamba chikuwombera
Nthambi zoyambirira zimabwerapo pamlungu umodzi ndi theka kapena masabata awiri. Kudziwa momwe mbande za Clarkia zimawonekera, ndizosavuta kuwona pamene zimaswa. Kuti mukule bwino m'chipindacho, muyenera kukhalabe kutentha pafupifupi 20 ° C. Muyeneranso kuyang'anira chinyezi cha nthaka ndikunyowa ndikamuma.
Mbande za Clarkia zimadulidwa tsamba lachiwiri litatuluka. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa mmera sugwirizana bwino ndikusintha. Makapu apadera a peat amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala, omwe amangoyikidwa m'manda. Mtunda pakati pa mbewu uzikhala wosachepera 20-35 cm.
Zofunika! Asanabzala pamalo otseguka, mphukira zamtchire zimawumitsidwa, ndikupita panja kwa maola angapo.
Clarkia amabzala m'munda kumapeto kwa Meyi. Imagwira kugonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kochepa, ndipo imatha kupulumuka chisanu chochepa.
Sankhani zomera
Zolemba zosabzala mmera panthaka
Chikhalidwe chimafuna nthaka yachonde komanso yopepuka. Pa dothi lolemera, Clarkia, ikamatera ndi kuisamalira yomwe siyovuta kwambiri, ikukula bwino.
Asanabzale mbewu, kama wake umakumana ndi peat kapena mchenga wosakanikirana ndi humus. Mbande itha kubzalidwa panthaka malinga ndi zomwe zimachitika kunyumba. Chachikulu ndikugawa moyenera mbewuzo m'mundamo ndikutsegulira nthangala yoyamba itamera.
Tcherani khutu! Ngati Clarkia ndi yapamwamba, kulima komwe kumayambira kugwa, kumadzuka nyengo isanayambe yozizira, osadandaula. Sadzayamba kuzizira pansi pa chipale chofewa, koma kasupe amafunika kuti atenthedwe.
Ubwino wa kulima kotero ndikuti mbande zazing'ono sizivulala pakubzala ndipo zimayamba kuphuka masabata angapo m'mbuyomu.
Zolemba zam'munda
Chofunikira kwambiri pakukhazikika kwamphepo ndi maluwa obiriwira a Clarkia ndikothirira nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokwanira kuchita izi kawiri pa sabata, koma masiku otentha muyenera kupopera maluwa nthawi zambiri.
Kumwaza mbewu
Mukamamanga masamba m'nthaka mupange kuvala bwino ndi mchere wambiri. M'chilimwe, njirayi imabwerezedwa masabata awiri aliwonse mpaka maluwa atha.
Clarkia imayamba liti ndipo motani?
Nthawi yamaluwa, kutengera mitundu, imatha kukhala mwezi wa June kufikira nthawi yozizira kwambiri. Maonekedwe a duwa ndiwofanana ndi mtundu kapena mtundu. Maluwa amatha kukhala awiri kapena osavuta.
Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa
Kusamalira mbewu pambuyo pa maluwa ndikuchotsa ma inflorescence onse kufota kuti chitsamba chimamasula kwambiri ndikuwonetsa thumba losunga mazira latsopano. Zoyambira zazitali zimamangidwa bwino kuti zisaswe.
Clarkia ikhoza kubala mbeu yodziyimira nokha. Kukula pakhomo kumakhala kosavuta ngati, mutamasintha maluwa, mukasankha maulalo amphamvu kwambiri ndikuwunika mapangidwe awo ngati bokosi la mbewu. Potsegulira kuti mbewuzo zisagwere pansi, zipatsozo zimakutidwa ndi gauze kapena bandeji ndikuzikika pa tsinde.
Zambiri. Mabokosi akasandulika bulauni, amadulidwa ndikuuma. Mbewu zimathiridwa mu envelopu ina, ndikusainira chaka chopereka.
Clarkia imalekerera nthawi yozizira mokwanira, makamaka ngati mbewu zobzalidwa pansi mu nthawi yakugwa. Mutha kusungitsa zikumera kuchokera ku ozizira kwambiri mwa mulching. Ngati mbewuyo isinthidwa ndikukhala mnyumba, gawo la chitsamba limadulidwa, ndipo mizu imakumbidwa. Izi ndikuti tilewe kukula kwa fungal spores padziko lapansi.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Chikhalidwe chimaletsa kuthana ndi tizilombo komanso matenda. Komabe, zolakwika posamalira malo obzala zitha kubweretsa chitukuko cha matenda oyamba ndi fungal.
Matenda azomera
Ngati mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamasamba, clarkia amakhudzidwa ndi bowa, ndipo nthawi zambiri izi ndi zotsatira za chinyezi kapena feteleza wa nayitrogeni. Kuti athetse vutoli, fungicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, madzi a Bordeaux. Chomera chake chimapoperedwa kawiri pa tsiku.
Zofunika! Tikakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (mealybug kapena aphid), ndikofunikira kuchitira nkhosazo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Midanga omwe amaoneka nthawi yamadzi amadzaza masamba a nthaka, omwe amadya mizu ya mbewuzo. Kuyika kokha kuchotengera kwina ndi komwe kungapulumutse duwa. Popewa mawonekedwe awo, dziko lapansi mumphika liyenera kumasulidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Polimbana ndi midges gwiritsani ntchito sulufule. Mitu ingapo ya machesi omwe akakamira pansi athandiza Clarkia tizirombo. Pazomwezi, yankho lofooka la potaziyamu permanganate imagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Mitengo yokongola ya California Clarkia imatha kukongoletsa malowa kwa nthawi yayitali ndi maluwa ake ambiri. Kuti mupeze zotere, muyenera kutsatira malamulo a mbewu zokulitsa.
