Anthu ambiri amakulitsa chomera chokongoletsera choterechi chomwe chimatchedwa tradescantia zebrin. Duwa lochokera kumalo otentha, limasinthika bwino mikhalidwe panyumba ndipo silitengera chidwi chochuluka kuchokera kwa eni ake. Mu maluwa okongola, zimakhala mtundu wina.
Zikuwoneka ngati banja liti
Mtengowo ndi wa banja la Kommelinov, dzina lake la botanical: Tradescantia zebrina. Dzinali limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa mikwingwirima yayitali kupatsa tradescantia mtundu wamizere. Pazomera zamaluwa, pali mitundu yambiri ya mbidzi, yomwe imakonda kuphatikiza ndi mbidzi. Ichi ndi chomera chachikulu komanso chokongoletsera. Mphukira zokwawa, zokwawa, komanso zokulirapo msanga zazitali 60-100 cm ndipo zimakutidwa ndi masamba owongoka a ovate.
Tradescantia zebrina
Mbali yakumwambayi ya masamba ndi glossy, chonyezimira ndi timitundu iwiri. Mzere wofiyira wowoneka bwino ukuonekera pakati mbali zonse za pakati. Pambuyo pake, mikwingwirima yaimvi kapena ya siliva imatambasuka kuchokera kumbali ziwiri mpaka m'mphepete mwa pepalalo. Pambuyo pawo, m'mphepete, mtunduwo ndi wofanana pakati. Kutalika kwa masamba kumafikira 7-8 masentimita, m'lifupi - masentimita 3. Mbali yawo yotsika, komanso matalala osalala, amajambulidwa utoto wofiirira. Kutalika kwa mbewu sikudutsa 15 cm.
Mwachidule za mbiri yakuwonekera
Mu mbiri, pamatchulidwa za wasayansi wotchedwa John Tradescan. Anakhala m'zaka za zana la chisanu ndi chiwiri, ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali adagwira ntchito ngati wokonza dimba ku khothi la mfumu yaku England Charles I. Wasayansiyo adachita nawo kafukufuku komanso kulima mbewu zomwe zidabwera ku Europe kuchokera ku America. Chidwi cha Tradescan chidakopa chidwi chake chomera chokula mwachangu, chomwe tsopano chili ndi dzina lake.
Kwawo kwa chomera
Kwawo kwa maluwa ndi nkhalango zotentha za Mexico. Kufalikira mwachilengedwe, mtengowo udafika ku South America ndi Florida. Pambuyo pake adabweretsa ku Africa, Australia, Asia ndi Europe.
Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chakunyumba
Tradescantia zebrin chisamaliro chapadera sichofunikira. Amasinthasintha mosavuta momwe zinthu zikukula ndipo samadzimvera chisoni kwambiri kuti ngakhale woyamba kukongoletsa maluwa sangakhale ovuta kumusamalira. Chipinda chowala, chowongolera nthawi ndi nthawi chimakhala choyenera Zebrina, koma tsiku lotentha, dzuwa lowongolera liyenera kupewedwa. M'nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo imatengedwa kukhonde kapena pachithunzi, koma nthawi yomweyo imasenda pang'ono.
Zomera zimakonda kuwala, koma ndibwino kupewa dzuwa lowongoka
Madzi a masamba owongoka ndiwothandiza kwambiri, ali ndi mabala ochiritsa, odana ndi kutupa ndi antiseptic. Anthu akhala akukhulupirira kuti zebrin ndi maluwa amatsenga omwe amateteza eni ake kuti asatenge nzeru, mphekesera komanso miseche, komanso kuyeretsa mpweya wozungulira iwo.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa! Kuchiritsa kwa mbidzi kumakopa ziweto. Kuti zimayambira ndi masamba kuti zitheke, chomera chimayikidwa pamwamba.
Kutentha
Duwa la zebrin limatha kupirira kutentha kosiyanasiyana, koma kutentha kumatuluka mwachangu, ndipo kuzizira kwa mpweya kumachepera. Makonda ake mchipindacho amakhala oyenera: kuyambira +18 mpaka +24 ℃. Kutentha kotsika komwe kukula kosazungulira sikunachitikebe ndi +12 ℃.
Kuwala
Zomera zimakonda kuwala, chifukwa kupanda kwake mphukira kumayamba kuzimiririka, kuzirala. Chofunika ndikuyika miphika kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo kwa windowsill. M'mawonekedwe a m'mawa ndi madzulo dzuwa limangopindulitsa mbewu. M'nyengo yozizira, masana masana akafupikirako kuposa maola 8, duwa limafunikira kuwunikira kozungulira ndi nyali za fluorescent.
Kuthirira
M'chilimwe, tradescantia zebrin violet amathiriridwa mokwanira, pafupifupi madzi okwanira 2-3 pa sabata. Madzi osungunuka komanso osasefedwa amakhala oyenererana ndi izi. M'nyengo yozizira, ngati mbidzi ili m'chipinda chozizira, kukula kwa chomera kumachepera ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa. Amalozera ndikouma kwa dothi m'miphika. Pakati pa kuthirira, dothi liyenera kuuma mpaka masentimita 1-2. Kutsirira kwambiri duwa kumakhala kowopsa kwambiri kuposa kusowa chinyezi. Ndikathirira nthawi ndi nthawi, masamba amatha, koma kenako amachira. Ngati dothi lomwe lili mumphika lonyowa nthawi zonse, mizu ndi mitengo yake imayamba kuvunda ndipo mbewuyo imafa.
Kuwaza
Ndi chinyezi chosakwanira, masamba a zebrine amayamba kukhazikika. Chifukwa chake, mphika wokhala ndi chomera nthawi zina umayikidwa pa thireyi yodzaza ndi madzi, ndipo masamba ndi mphukira zimathiridwa nthawi zonse kuchokera ku botolo lothira. Koma ngati duwa likukula ndikukula bwino, sikofunikira kuti lizipukutira ndi kupopera. Fumbi lokhalidwa pamasamba limachotsedwa ndi chinkhupule kapena chotsukidwa pansi.
Ngati mpweya ndi wouma, masamba ndi zimayambira ziyenera kuthiridwa.
Chinyezi
Chinyezi chakunyumba chikuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 60%. Ndizovomerezeka ngati mphika uli pafupi ndi aquarium kapena chinyezi china. Mutha kuyikanso mbale yamadzi pafupi.
Dothi
Nthaka imadziwika ndi pH yosatenga mbali kapena pang'ono acid. Iyenera kumasulidwa. Kuti akonze dothi lotere, osakaniza dothi, humus, turf ndi coarse mchenga wamchenga amapangidwa. Izi zimayenera kutengedwa mogwirizana ndi 2: 1: 1: 1. Mukhonzanso kusakaniza kwa magawo awiri a peat ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga kapena perlite. Poto wobzala uyenera kukhala wozama, wokhala ndi dzenje pansi.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Zebrin amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wovuta, kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa gawo lokangalika. Muyenera kuthira manyowa pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse, kuphatikiza feteleza kumatha kuyambitsa khungu masamba.
Zambiri! M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira, kudyetsa sikunachitike. Wovulala komanso wofowoka chifukwa chothira mbewu mulinso kusala manyowa.
Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani
Mbidzi zokhala ngati zoboola zamiyendo za Zebra zokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a pinki kapena ofiirira omwe amawoneka pamitu ndi masamba obiriwira. Maluwa amakhala ofanana mozungulira, chilichonse chimakhala ndi miyala itatu.
Maonekedwe a maluwa
Ma inflorescence a mbewu ndi maambulera, ndi axillary. Maluwa ndi ochepa, atatu petal. Calyx ndi corolla ndi masamba.
Nthawi ya maluwa
Potseguka, mbidzi zokhala ngati zebra zimakonda kuphuka kumapeto kwa chilimwe - kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. M'nyumba, ngati mutapanga chobiriwira, mbewuyo imatha kuphuka kuyambira koyambirira kwa Seputembala mpaka muFebruary.
Maluwa a Zebrina
Kudulira
Zomwe zimayambira zimamera mwachangu, mopendekeka, ndipo ukalamba umayamba kuwonekera. Kuti muzikongoletsa katundu, mphukira imayenera kudulidwa, kupatsa chitsamba mawonekedwe okongola. Maluwa omwe ali ndi masamba opuwala ndi zimayambira zomwe zimayamba kupuma nawonso zimachotsedwa. Malangizo a nthambi zazitali amayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse kuti mbewuyo ikhale yolimba komanso yosalala.
Tcherani khutu! Mbidzi zodulira ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi magolovu, chifukwa msuzi wa mbewu ungayambitse mkwiyo pakhungu.
Momwe zimaswana
Chomera chimafalikira m'njira zingapo:
- kudula;
- ndi mbewu;
- pogawa mbewuzo m'magawo awiri.
Kufalikira ndi kudula
Njira ndi yosavuta komanso yothandiza kwambiri. Kwa odulidwa amatenga mphukira kutalika kwa 8 cm. Ndikofunikira kuti akhale ndi masamba awiri a 3-4. Kuti chomera chikhale chokongola kwambiri, zodula zingapo zimabzalidwa mumphika umodzi nthawi imodzi. Mphukira yamizu imatha kukhala pansi komanso m'madzi. Sakubisa chilichonse kuchokera kumwamba. Zidula zikazika mizu ndikukula pang'ono, zimayesedwa mu dothi lokonzekera bwino.
Kufalitsa mbewu
Imayesedwa ngati njira yovutitsa kwambiri. Mu kasupe, mbewu zimafesedwa mchidebe chokhala ndi dothi, yothira, ndipo chilichonse chimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi pamwamba kuti apange greenhouse. Mphamvuzi zimayikidwa mu chipinda chokhala ndi kuyatsa komanso kutentha. Kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala kozungulira +20 ℃. Popewa chinyezi chambiri kuti chisaunjike, nthawi yomweyo chimatulutsa chambiri. Pambuyo zikamera, filimuyo imachotsedwa. Mbande nthawi zina zimanyowa, ndipo zikamera - kuziika mumiphika.
Gawo lazomera
Ngati chitsamba ndi chachikulu, chimagawika magawo angapo, kugawana ndi ma rhizomes. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika pozula. Iliyonse mwa zigawo zopangidwa imabzalidwa mosiyana. Mbande zazing'ono poyamba zimakhala ndi mthunzi komanso madzi pang'ono.
Thirani
Wokokedwa, nthawi zambiri nthawi yamasika. Kuthekera kwokweza kumayenera kukhala kotsika, koma lonse ndi mabowo pansi pazotulutsira madziwo. Kuti chinyezi m'nthaka chisasunthike, dongo lomwe limakulitsidwa kapena miyala yaying'ono imayikidwa pansi pansi, kenako ndikuthira. Zomera zazing'ono zimasulidwa kamodzi pachaka, akulu - kamodzi pachaka ziwiri.
Kupatsidwa Zebrin
Zofunika! Kuti mizu ikhale ndi chakudya chokwanira komanso malo okukula, mtunda pakati pa mizu ndi makoma a chidebe uyenera kukhala osachepera 2-5 cm.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta zambewu zokhala ngati zebra:
- kangaude;
- chishango chaching'ono;
- nsabwe za m'masamba.
Kukhalapo kwa tizilombo timeneku kumasonyezedwa makamaka ndi kutsekeka kwa masamba. Ngati mikwingwirima itawonekera mkati, panali masamba ena apa. Kupezeka kwa chithokomiro cha chithokomiro kumatha kuwonekeranso ndi zolembedwa zamkati mkati mwa masamba. Nsabwe za m'masamba amakonda kudya mphukira zazing'ono.
Pofuna kuthana ndi tizirombo zovulaza, timayambira ndi masamba timatsukidwa ndi madzi amchere. Koma ngati kugonjetsedwa kuli kale kwamphamvu, simungathe kuchita popanda mankhwala. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagulitsidwa m'misika yonse yamaluwa.
Mavuto ena
Ndizovuta kwambiri kuti chomera chiwononge chisamaliro chokwanira, koma nthawi zina chimachitika. Mavuto ena nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi chisamaliro chokwanira:
- Ngati masamba agwa, mbewuyo ilibe kuwala ndi madzi okwanira;
- utoto wawo wafota - dzuwa lasowa;
- masamba adakwinya, pezani utoto wofiirira - chinyezi chokwanira;
- pukuta, ndipo malangizowo amakhala bulauni - mpweya wozungulira duwa uyenera kupukutidwa;
- Masamba ndimadzi ndipo amatuluka - dothi silikuuma ndipo mizu imayamba kuvunda.
Zebrina wosadziona
Zitapezeka kuti vutoli lili dothi louma, muyenera kuthirira mbidzi, ndipo izi zithandizanso kuyambiranso. Kupanda kuwala kuli koyenera kukonza. Zikafika pamizu, zomwe zimadulidwa zimadulidwa ndikuzibzanso.
Tradescantia zebrin kusamalira kunyumba ndikosavuta kupereka. Ili ndi duwa losazindikira. Kuchepetsa chidwi chochepa chabe, azikongoletsa nyumba, nyumba kapena ofesi kwa nthawi yayitali, kusangalatsa m'maso ndikuthandizira kusamutsa matenda.
