Chomera chilichonse chomwe chikukula m'mundamo chimafuna chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro, kenako chimakumana ndi kukolola kwakukulu. Kudulira ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pa chisamaliro chokwanira cha zitsamba zilizonse za zipatso, kuphatikiza ndi ma currants. Mukamachita izi mu nthawi yokwanira ndikuchita molondola komanso pafupipafupi, zotsatira zake sizidzachepetsa kukula ndi zipatso zambiri.
Kodi ndifunika kudulira currants
Ma currants ndi amodzi mwa zitsamba zofala kwambiri m'minda yathu. Mukachisiya kuti chikule popanda zosokoneza pachikhalidwe, ndiye kuti m'zaka zochepa chimatha kutaya mawonekedwe, kudwala matenda ndikuchepetsa zipatso.
Mukapanga kudulira mitengo yodulira, wolimi ayenera kuzindikira kuti cholinga chake chachikulu ndikupanga chitsamba cha nthambi zazikulu 12-15 zosaposa zaka zisanu. Kuti mutsimikizire kuti njirayi ndiyofunikira, ingoyerekezerani kuoneka ngati chitsamba chisanachitike komanso mutadulira.
Mtundu wa chitsamba cha currant isanachitike ndikudulira ndi umboni woonekeratu wakufunika kwa njirayi
Kutengera zolinga, mitundu yotsala yamtunduwu imasiyanitsidwa:
- zaukhondo - kuchotsa nthambi zouma, zopindika zowonongeka chifukwa cha chisanu, kuwoloka kapena kukula mkati mwa chitsamba;
- formative - chochitika chomwe chimachitika koyambirira kuti apange chitsamba chaching'ono;
- anti-okalamba - njira yowonjezera zokolola za chitsamba chachikulire. Ndi chithandizo chake, wosamalira mundawo atha kubweretsa chikhalidwecho moyenera. Ngati chitsamba chimasungidwa nthawi zonse, ndiye kuti ndikosavuta kudulira. Ngati adayamba kumusamalira, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchita khama kuti mumubweretse fomu yoyenera.
Bush dongosolo
Musanalankhule za mawonekedwe a kudulira, muyenera kudziwa kuti chitsamba cha currant ndi chiyani. Amakhala ndi mizu, mphukira zoyambira ndi nthambi, zomwe zimawonjezeka ndi chaka chilichonse cha moyo wa shrub.
Tchire lirilonse lopindika limakhala ndi mizu, mizu ndi nthambi zophukira chaka chilichonse
Kudula
Ntchito yayikulu yolumikizidwa ndi kudulira ndi kupanga zitsamba za currant iyenera kuchitidwa kasupe kapena nthawi yophukira. Zimafunika kuzichita chaka chilichonse. Ntchito zambiri zimachitidwa bwino kwambiri mu kugwa, ndipo zomwe zimachitika nthawi yachisanu zimakonzedwa mu kasupe.
Masamba odulira currant
Kudulira kwa masika kumathandiza m'njira zaukhondo. Kudulira kukalamba kwa tchire kasupe kumatha kuchitika kumpoto kokha, koma ngakhale zili choncho ndibwinonso kupititsa nthawi yophukira.
Kudulira kwa masika kumayenera kumalizidwa kumayambiriro kwa kuyamwa kwayamba, komwe kumayamba ndi currant koyambirira. Chofunikira: kutentha pakudula kuyenera kukhala koyenera.
Ngati kudulira kukucheperachepera, ndiye kuti kuyamwa kwamayendedwe kumathandiza kupewa machiritso pambuyo pake. Izi zimakopa tizilombo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chomera chizitenga matenda.
Kanema: Malamulo a kasamalidwe ka kasupe
Kudulira
M'chilimwe, chitsamba chimakhala ndi mphukira zambiri zowonjezera komanso zowonjezera. Chifukwa chake, kugwa, muyenera kuyendera ndikuchotsa zonse zomwe zimalepheretsa mbewu kukula bwino ndikubereka zipatso zambiri. Zisankho zantchitoyi zidzakhala zosiyana kutengera mtundu wamitengo ndi zaka za chitsamba china.
Nthawi yabwino njirayi imawonetsedwa kumapeto kwa Seputembala-kuyambira Okutobala, chifukwa kudulira ndikofunikira isanayambike nyengo yozizira, kuti mbewu zitheke nthawi kuti ichiritse zowonongeka chifukwa cha njirayi.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kudulira:
- nthawi yayitali yogwirira ntchito
- Kuthetsa matenda ndi tizirombo,
- zolimbikitsa mapangidwe olowa mmalo mwa chaka chamawa,
- kupanga nyengo yopanga nyengo yatsopano.
Kuchita kubwezeretsanso komanso kuwumba ndikudula bwino kukonzekera kugwa.
Kudulira pambuyo
Kusankha kotentha kwa chilimwe kumabweretsa zochitika ziwiri:
- Kuchotsa nthambi zodwala ndi zouma,
- kutsina achinyamata mphukira.
M'nyengo yotentha, currants amatha kuchotsa nthambi zakale komanso zodwala, komanso kutsina achinyamata mphukira mutatha kuphukira
Malamulo odulira
Mukadulira pachaka pachaka, nthambi zomwe zimakalamba zimadulidwa kapena kupangidwanso, ndipo mphukira zambirimbiri zimasiyidwa kuti zikalowe m'malo ngati zakale.
Njira yodulira mitengoyo imatengera zaka za chitsamba
Kudulira kokalamba
Pali malamulo angapo omwe akuyenera kutsatidwa mukamabzala:
- Chitani kafukufuku woyambirira kuti mumvetsetse kuti ndi nthambi ziti zofunika kudulira.
- Dulani nthambi zakale (zopitilira zaka zisanu) zokhala ndi zochuluka zochepa. Amatha kuzindikira mtundu wakuda wa khungwa. Amachotsedwa padziko lapansi, ndikusiya chitsa chaching'ono, chomwe chimakutidwa ndi var var ya m'munda.
- Dulani nthambi zokhala ndigalasi. Amadziwika ndi dzenje lakuda mkati mwa tsinde.
- Dulani nthambi zonse zokhomera pansi ndikugona pamenepo.
- Patulani nthambi zolumikizana kwambiri zomwe zimamera mkati mwa chitsamba.
- Mphukira zamphamvu zachinyamata ziyenera kufupikitsidwa, kusiya masamba ochepa nthambi iliyonse.
Mukadulira chitsamba chamtengo wapatali, ndikofunikira kuchotsa nthambi zakale, zodwala komanso zokutira
Kupanga Dulani
Mukamadulira tchire, pali malingaliro awo:
- Kumeta koyamba kumachitika nthawi yomweyo mutabzala. Zikabudula zimadulidwa pamwamba pa impso yachitatu: izi zimathandiza kukhazikitsa chitsamba kolondola.
- Pa tchire la zaka ziwiri, mphukira ziro ziyenera kudulidwa, kusiya masamba 4-5, omwe apange maziko apambuyo pake. Potere, nthambi zonse zomwe zimamera mkati mwa korona ndikudula mphukira zodulidwa.
- Pakutha kwa chaka chachitatu, chitsamba chitha kuwerengedwa kuti chimapangidwa. Pambuyo pake, mu kapangidwe kake, ndikusinthidwa kwa chakale kwa nthambi zakale ndi achichepere, nthambi 12-15 ziyenera kupezeka nthawi zonse wazaka chimodzi mpaka zinayi.
- Kupanga nthambi zowonjezera zina, kuyambira wazaka chimodzi, mphukira za chaka chino zifupikitsidwa ndi masamba atatu.
Ngati currants pachaka adadulidwa, kuyambira pomwe nthawi yobzala, ndiye pofika chaka chachitatu chitsamba chingaoneke kuti chinapangidwa
Tsinde Currant
Kuphatikiza pa tchire la mtundu wamba, mawonekedwe omwe afala posachedwapa. Chitsamba cha tsinde chimafanana ndi mtengo wocheperako. Kuti mupeze, mitundu yoyenera yomwe imapereka mphukira zochepa kuchokera pansi, mwachitsanzo: Nkhunda, Goliati, Rovada.
- Kuti muyambe kupanga tsinde, kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mphukira umodzi wopangidwa bwino mpaka masentimita 30 amasankhidwa, ndipo mphukira zam'mbali zimadulidwa pansi.
- Awiri kapena atatu apical masamba asiyidwa pa mphukira.
- Pa mphukira za chaka choyamba, masamba onse omwe ali pamalo a tsinde ndi basal (zero) amachotsedwa.
- Pa mphukira za chaka chachiwiri, tengitsani nthambi zonse zazitali kuposa 10 cm.
- Kuyambira chaka chachitatu amakhala odulira nthawi zonse. Kuchokera pamitengo yapamwamba ndikupanga korona. Kutalika kwambiri - kufupikitsa.
- Mphukira zonse zopangidwa pa tsinde zimachotsedwa nthawi zonse. Pofuna kukhazikika, chitsamba chimamangidwa ndi msomali.
Kuti apange tsinde lopondera, mphukira umodzi wokhazikika umasankhidwa, ndipo nthambi zammbali zimadulidwa pansi
Zipatso za currant yokhazikika zimakhazikika mwachangu ndipo zimakhala ndi mashuya ambiri kuposa zipatso zomwezo zamtchire.
Kupangidwe kofanana ndi mitundu yazitsamba zopangira zipatso ndi ntchito yolenga yomwe imafunikira nthawi, kuyesetsa ndi kudzoza. Zotsatira zake, kuwonjezera pa zokolola zambiri, mutha kupeza zokongola, koma nthawi yomweyo makongoletsedwe amalo.
Zithunzi Zithunzi: Currant Yofanana
- Tsinde currant - zokongoletsera zabwino za tsambali
- Chitsamba chopondera cha currant chimakumbutsa mtengo wochepa
- Amakhulupirira kuti zipatso za currant zokhazokha ndizotsekemera kuposa zipatso zamtchire zomwezi
Ngati kudulira currants mokhazikika, kupewa kukula kosalamulirika kwa nthambi ndi mphukira, ndiye kuti sizovuta kuchita. Ngati zonse zikhala mwangozi, ndiye, monga zili mu bizinesi iliyonse, pambuyo pake muyenera kulimbikira, kukonza zolakwika.
