Chifukwa chiyani begonia sikutulutsa kunyumba

Begonia ndi chomera chowoneka bwino kwambiri chomwe chimayankha nthawi yomweyo chilichonse chosasamalidwa. Kuti limaphuka kwambiri ndipo silinazirala, ndibwino kuti muphunzire mawonekedwe a chisamaliro.

Njira ya maluwa begonias: kuphwanya malamulo

Zosiyanasiyana za begonias zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri - maluwa ndi masamba okongoletsera. Mu gulu lachiwiri, maluwa sazindikira, kotero nthawi zambiri pamakhala mavuto. Zomwe sizinganene za mitundu yamaluwa.

Begonia kunyumba

Chifukwa chiyani begonia yambiri ndi mitundu ina yamaluwa siphulika:

• matenda kapena tizirombo;
• nthaka yamadzi kapena yolowa kwambiri;
• dothi losankhidwa bwino
• malo osayenera omangidwa;
• kusowa kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa (chikhalidwe chimangonena za mbewu zajambulidwe ndipo sizimalola mthunzi);
• kusowa kwa zovala zapamwamba;
• michere yambiri m'nthaka.

Matenda

Matenda A wamba a Begonia:

• ufa wa powdery (kupukutira koyera kumawonekera pamasamba, kenako kumawuma ndikugwa);
• kachilombo ka utoto wamakoko (Kusintha kwa tsamba la masamba);
• imvi yofiyira (mawanga akulira ndi utoto wonyezimiritsa amaonekera);
• kuzika kwamizu yakuda (mizu imakhala yakuda, kenako kuvunda).

Powdery mildew pa chomera

Zoyenera kuchita ngati begonia siyikutulutsa chifukwa cha kudwala:

• Powdery mildew amathandiza kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala (Fundazole, nthaka ndi sulufule wa colloidal, Fitosporin, Planriz). Mu gawo lotsogola, tchire liyenera kulandira chithandizo ndi Topaz kapena Strobin. Pakumwa, poto uyenera kusunthidwa kumalo opatsa mpweya wabwino.
• Palibe mankhwala ochiritsa nkhaka. Ndikwabwino kutaya maluwa mpaka aliyense atatenga kachiromboka.
• Kuchokera ku nkhungu ya imvi, chithandizo cha Benomil chimathandiza. Pakumwa, poto imasinthidwa kupita kuchipinda chotsekeramo komanso chouma.
• Kuyambira wakuda muzu zowola Benomil amathandizanso. Muyeneranso kuchotsa chomera kuchokera mumphika kuti muchotse mizu yowonongeka. Malo odulira amaphwanyidwa ndi makala.

Tizilombo

Tizilombo timatha kukhalanso tokha tikadzakula panja komanso kunyumba. Chifukwa ndi zomwe tizirombo touluka timamasuwa:

• kangaude;
• kuponya;
• choyera;
• nematode.

Kuchokera kwa ma whiteflies, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi yankho la sopo kumathandiza. Masamba omwe mphutsi zimasungidwa amadulidwa ndikuwonongeka. Kuchipinda begonias chinyezi komanso kutentha kwambiri, nthata za akangaude zimawonekera. Chifukwa cha iwo, tsamba limapeza mtundu wa nsangalabwi. Kenako masamba amagwa. Pankhaniyi, mankhwala a Decis amathandiza.

Chifukwa cha kupindika, chomera chimaphukira ndipo sichimaphuka. Tizilombo timawoneka nthawi yayitali. Pankhaniyi, gawo lamatsamba limatsukidwa ndi sopo yankho, kenako kuthira ndi kulowetsedwa kwa fodya ndi celandine.

Maonekedwe a nematode ndiosavuta kupewa kuposa kulimbana nawo. Mwambiri, sizotheka kusunga chomera. Pamaso kubzala, dothi liyenera kukhazikika. Iyi ndi njira yabwino yopewera tizirombo.

Chinyezi

Chomera chikufuna mpweya chinyezi. Kupanda chinyezi kumabweretsa kugwa masamba ndi chikasu masamba. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, chidebe chadothi chonyowa chitha kuikidwa pafupi ndi poto. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupopera masamba nthawi zonse.

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Kutentha kwakukulu kwa duwa kumachokera ku +18 mpaka +21 ℃. Ndi dontho lakuthwa pang'ono, duwa limaponya masamba ake. Kuwonjezeka kwa +30 ℃ kumakhalanso koyipa.

Zovuta zamizu

Mavuto ndi mizu nthawi zambiri amabwera pazifukwa ziwiri - kuthirira kosayenera ndi matenda. Ngati duwa layamba kuvunda, kupulumutsa kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, amamwalira. Koma ngati mizu yangoyamba kumene kuvunda, ndiye kuti ndiyotheka kuchiritsa.

Zomwe muyenera kuchita ngati mizu yake iwola kuchokera kusefukira:

• chotsa maluwa poto;
• kudula mbali yovunda ya mizu;
• dzala m'nthaka yatsopano;
• Ndikofunika kuti madziwo asadzalanso madzi.

Mizu yowola

Thirani yolakwika

Chifukwa china chofala choperewera cha inflorescence kubzala kosayenera. Poterepa, njira yosavuta yopangira maluwa kupatsa inflorescence. Musanatsike, muyenera kusankha dothi labwino. Iyenera kukhala yotayirira komanso yopatsa thanzi. Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa acidity ndikuchokera pa 5.5 mpaka 6.5 pH. Ndikofunika kugula kusakaniza kopangidwa ndi dothi kosakonzeka. Gawo laling'ono loterolo lidzakumana ndendende ndi zofunikira zonse ndipo silingatengeke ndi tizirombo kapena matenda.

Mfundo yachiwiri ndi kusankha kwa mphika. Sayenera kukhala yopapatiza kwambiri, koma osati yayikulu kwambiri. Mumphika wokulirapo, maluwa amatuluka pambuyo pake ndipo pamakhala ngozi yotenga madzi m'nthaka.

Momwe mungabzalire begonia:

1. Thambo limachitika kumayambiriro kwamasika.
2. Chomera chimachotsedwa mosamala mumphika ndikuyang'ana mizu. Ngati pali malo owola, amadulidwa.
3. Kenako duwa limasinthidwa mumphika watsopano ndikuthiriridwa madzi ambiri.

Mavuto ena otheka

Kuphatikiza pa chisamaliro chosayenera ndi matenda, palinso zifukwa zina. Chifukwa chiyani begonia sichimasamba:

• Kuchulukitsa kwa michere yopezeka munthaka kumabweretsa kugwa kwamaluwa ndi masamba.
• Ngati tsamba lawoneka bwino chikasamba, ndiye kuti duwa liyenera kukonzedwanso pang'ono. Umu ndi momwe kutentha kwa dzuwa kumawonekera.
• Ngati zimayambira zitakhala zazitali, ndipo maluwa ataphukira pang'ono, ndiye kuti mbewuyo ilibe dzuwa lokwanira.
• Street begonias imatha kusiya kutuluka chifukwa cha kupendekera koyambirira m'nthaka kukakhala chisanu usiku. Wogulitsa ziyenera kuchitika palibe kale kuposa m'ma Meyi.

Dziwani dzuwa pamasamba

Ngati begonia imamera osati pachimake, ndikutheka kuti zomwe zimayambitsa ndichizindikiro cha maluwa. Zomera zazing'ono zimakula mwachangu mchaka choyamba, koma osapereka inflorescence. Pankhaniyi, sikofunikira kukakamiza mbewu kuti ichime. Maluwa nthawi zambiri amayamba ngati mphete zisanu zapangika pa tsinde lalikulu.

Pogula chomera, nthawi zonse chimaphukira. Nthawi zambiri, maluwa amatuluka mwangozi, ndiye kuti amakhala kanthawi kochepa. Mwakuyeserera, duwa silituluka mpaka litakwanitsa zaka zoyenera.

Njira za anthu ovutikira

Njira zina zochiritsira zimathandizira ngati vutoli (matenda kapena tizilombo toononga) silili munthawi yonyalanyazidwa. Zoyenera kuchita ngati begonia sikumera:

• Mankhwalawa nkhuni phulusa amathandiza ndi powdery mildew. Kuti mukonzekere, muyenera 200 ga phulusa kutsanulira 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha ndikusiya kwa masiku awiri. Kenako phatikizani sopo 2 g m'madzi pang'ono ndikuwonjezera kulowetsedwa. Pamafunika mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala osokoneza sabata.
• Mutha kuwononga kangaude ndi msuzi wa adyo. Grate wamkulu mutu wa adyo ndi kutsanulira gruel mu 10 malita a madzi. Siyani kwa tsiku limodzi, ndiye kuti unsa. Thirani masamba mpaka kachiromboka kachisoweka. Kwa yosungirako yayitali, kulowetsako sikuti.
• Kuthana ndi imvi zowola kumathandiza kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa. Msuzi wa matako a phwetekere, nthenga za anyezi ndi adyo umathandizanso. Izi kulowetsedwa ayenera pokonza pansi dothi mumphika.
• Njira yothandiza kwambiri yopewa kutuluka kwa nematode ndikuthirira dothi usiku woti ubzale ndi madzi otentha. Mukathirira, dothi limakutidwa ndi thumba kuti lizizizira pang'onopang'ono.

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, begonia kwa nthawi yayitali amasangalala ndi maluwa ambiri komanso okongola. Nthawi zambiri, zimachitika chifukwa chophwanya malamulo andende kuti pali zovuta ndi duwa.