Balsam Waller - akukula ndi chisamaliro

Basamu wotalikirapo ndi maluwa otchuka kwambiri komanso osavuta kubala. Nthawi zambiri amamuchitira ngati chomera, ndiye kuti, amazichotsa akayamba kufota. Koma nyengo yotentha kapena yotentha, amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka zingapo.

Balsam Valera kapena Waller (Impatiens Walleriana)

Basamu ya Waller ndi herbaceous osatha omwe amatchedwa Impatiens Walleriana m'Chilatini. Duwa limadziwikanso pansi pa mayina "magetsi" ndi "kukhudza." Kwawo ndi ku East Africa (kuchokera ku Kenya mpaka ku Mozambique). Mitunduyi imaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya zomera zamaluwa, zofalikira ku North Hemisphere ndi kotentha. Pamodzi ndi mtundu Hydrocera, Impatiens amapanga banja la Balsamic.

Terry Balsamu

Mitundu ya pachaka imapanga maluwa kuyambira koyambirira kwa chilimwe mpaka chisanu choyamba. Zosatha, zopezeka nyengo zofatsa - zimatha kuphuka chaka chonse. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ndi mithunzi. Mafuta a Basamu amakulira panja komanso m'nyumba.

Kufotokozera kwapfupi

Balsamu Valera ili ndi masamba a 2-5 cm ndipo amatha kutalika masentimita 15-60. Maluwa 2-5 masentimita nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi pamiyala 5. Kujambula maluwa kungakhale kosiyana: zoyera, lalanje, pinki kapena zofiira.

Kulima mbewu

Kuti mukulitse balsamu Wotalika kwambiri kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba ndikuusamalira, simukufunika mwapadera. Mwanjira imeneyi, mbewuyo imadzalitsidwa m'ngululu.

Njira yofesa mbewu za basamu

Ndondomeko

1. Mphika wokhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 10cm umadzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi.
2. Dziko lapansi limathirira.
3. Mbewu zitatu zambiri zimayikidwa pansi pamtunda.
4. Amakutidwa ndi gawo loonda la gawo lapansi kuti mbewuzo zisawonekere ku dzuwa.
5. Mphika umayikidwa pamalo abwino.

Mbewu yoyamba imamera m'masabata atatu. Kukula kwa mbewu ndi pafupifupi 5-8 cm, itha kubzalidwe mumphika.

Sapling

Momwe mungasamalire Mafuta a basamu ambiri kunyumba

Mabakiteriya amakula limodzi ndi dzuwa komanso kunja kwa iwo. Mwachilengedwe, amakonda dothi lonyowa, lolemera, monga mayendedwe amsewu, madambo, magombe amtsinje, komanso m'mbali mwa nkhalango. Pakukula bwino kwa maluwa kunyumba, ndikofunikira kuti iye athe kupanga mikhalidwe pafupi ndi zachilengedwe.

Kuwala ndi kutentha

Nyumbayo izikhala ndi nthawi yambiri masana, ndipo mphika uyenera kuyikidwamo kuti usalembe. Potseguka, ndikofunikira kusankha dera ladzuwa, mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi munda. Moyenera, basamu amayenera kulandira kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa maola angapo patsiku ndipo nthawi zina amakhala mumithunzi. Mwachitsanzo, pansi pa mitengo kapena tchire lomwe limateteza ku dzuwa masana.

Zomera zimapeza kuwala kokwanira

Kutsirira malamulo ndi chinyezi

Nthawi yothirira imasiyana malinga ndi malo komanso nyengo. Mafuta a basamu omwe amakula m'nyumba ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi kawiri pasabata komanso nthawi iliyonse ya masiku 7-10 pakatha chaka. Street - 4-5 pa sabata m'chilimwe ndipo masiku onse a 5-6 ena onse nthawi yotsala.

Kuti muwone chinyezi m'nthaka, mutha kumata ndodo yopyapyala. Ngati tinthu tambiri tating'onoting'ono timamatira tikachotsedwa panthaka, mmera sufunika kuthirira, chifukwa nthaka ndi yonyowa. Mafuta a mphika amatha kulemesedwa mutathilira kenako pakatha masiku angapo. Dothi lamtunda limalemera kuposa nthaka youma - kusiyana pakati pazizomwekuthandizirani kumvetsetsa nthawi yoyambira madzi.

Dothi la basamu liyenera kukhala lonyowa. Koma muyenera kupewa chonyowa kapena dothi louma. Sayenera kuloledwa kuti ome kaye.

Mavalidwe apamwamba ndi dothi labwino

Ndikofunika kukulitsa duwa m'nyumba m'nyumba wamba lapansi. Itha kusakanikirana ndi perlite kukonza ngalawa, koma sizofunikira. M'mundamo, dothi silofunikira bola lokhala lachonde komanso lopanda chonde kwambiri.

Kuyambira koyambirira kwa nyengo yamasika mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ndikofunikira kudyetsa basamu ndi feteleza wa maluwa. Ndibwino ngati chikhala kuvala kwachilengedwe, mwachitsanzo, guano, mazira kapena phulusa lamatabwa.

Kukula kwa Tank Toy

Mafuta a basamu amatulutsa bwino ngati mizu yawo imapanikizika pang'ono. Sinthani mphika pokhapokha mizu itatuluka padzenje pansi.

Kudulira ndi kupatsirana

Zomera sizifunira kudulira, komabe zimafunikira kuti muchotse matenda omwe ali ndi matenda, owuma kapena ofooka.

Nthaka yobwezeretsayo iyenera kukhala yokhala ndi michere yambiri komanso yothiriridwa. Musanabzale, muyenera kupanga feteleza wachilengedwe (manyowa, mulch, kompositi, guano, peat). Dothi liyenera kusunga madzi, koma popanda kusefukira. Perlite kapena mchenga wamtsinje ndi zinthu zomwe zimathandiza kupewa kusefukira kwamadzi.

Zoyenera kuchita nthawi yozizira ndi maluwa

Zomera sizilekerera chisanu, choncho kumadera omwe ali ndi madzi oundana kwambiri, mafuta a basamu sangakhale bwino kukula. Mu nyengo yofunda, chikhalidwecho chimamasula chaka chonse.

Zomera zamaluwa oyenda maluwa

Mabaluamu a Basamu amatulutsa bwino pafupifupi chaka chonse. Maluwa a chomera ali ndi mainchesi osapitirira 5, ali awiri komanso osavuta, omveka bwino komanso awiri. Mtundu ndi wosiyana: lavenda, lofiirira, rasipiberi, lalanje, oyera, ofiira komanso ofiira. Palibe zithunzi zachikaso ndi zabuluu zokha. Mitundu ina, monga Tumbler Rose Amp Balsamine, imakhala ndi chingwe choyera pakati pa petal iliyonse.

Mithunzi yosiyanasiyana

Maluwa a Basamu amatheka pokhapokha ngati akuwasamalira bwino. Mu nyengo yotentha ndi youma, amafunika madzi okwanira. Ndikofunika kupopera mbewu zamadzulo, koma chinyezi sichiyenera kugwa pamaluwa.

Maluwa sayenera kubzala m'miphika yayikulu, apo ayi mphamvu zonse za chomera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula, ndipo sizitulutsa maluwa. Nthaka sayenera kulemera, kulemera kwa nayitrogeni ndi michere - m'malo awa padzakhala masamba ambiri, ndi maluwa ochepa.

Kufalikira kwa basamu podulidwa

Mukamabala duwa, odulidwa amatsatira izi motere:

1. Dulani tsinde labwino popanda maluwa.
2. Pansi pake amalembedwapo mahomoni amadzimadzi amadzimadzi.
3. Mphika wokhala ndi mainchesi 10 cm umadzazidwa ndi vermiculite isanachitike.
4. Bowo limapangidwa pakati pa chidebe ndipo tsinde limayikamo.
5. Ngati ndi kotheka, onjezani vermiculite mumphika ndikuuyika pang'ono.

Zodulidwa zimamera bwino. Nthawi zina amazika mizu ndikuyika mu kapu kapena chidebe chamadzi.

Mafuta a Basamu

Mavuto akukula, matenda ndi tizirombo

Tizilombo wamba:

• Spider mite - yofanana ndi kangaude wofiyira, imayamwa madziwo m'masamba, ndikuwoneka ngati malo owala. Ndikosavuta kuwona. Amawononga tizilombo mothandizidwa ndi acaricide.
• Whitefly ndi kachilombo komwe kali ndi mapiko oyera omwe amadyanso masamba a masamba. Mutha kugwira azungu ndi misampha yomata.
• Aphid ndi majeremusi pafupifupi 0,5 cm, wachikaso, zobiriwira kapena zofiirira. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimadya zipatso zamasamba ndi maluwa. Misampha yamphamvu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti iwononge.
• Matchuthi ndi majeremusi ofanana ndi mitengo yamakutu koma ochepa kwambiri. Zowonongeka ndi misampha.

Matenda a Mafuta a Basamu:

• Bacteriosis ndimatenda oyambitsidwa ndi Pseudomonas. Njira yokhayo yothanirana ndi izi ndikuwononga mbewu ndikuthira dothi.
• Matenda a fungus - ma causative othandizira ndi Pythium kapena Rhizoctonia. Chomera chomwe chasokonekera, mizu ndi masamba zimavunda. Palibe mankhwala ochiritsira matendawa.
• Malo owzungulira - amawonekera pomwe bowa Cercospora, Septoria kapena Phyllosticta amawonekera. Masamba omwe akhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa.

Momwe mungathane nawo

Popewa matenda, ndibwino kuti musanyowetse masamba ndi maluwa mukathirira, komanso kuti muzitha chinyontho m'nthaka. Chithandizo cha chomera zimatengera mtundu wa tizilombo kapena matenda, koma kawirikawiri kuchotsedwa kwazomwe zimachitika kumathandizanso.

Kukula basamu wa Waller ndikosavuta chifukwa amafunika chisamaliro chochepa kwambiri. Ngakhale wolima dimba kapena wolima mundawo sangakhumudwe posankha.