Iberis - chithunzi, ikamatera ndi chisamaliro

Iberis, kapena Iberian, ndi chomera chopindika komanso chamaluwa ang'onoang'ono, onunkhira bwino komanso fungo labwino lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe a maluwa ndi maluwa. Ndiwofewetsa, sikufuna chisamaliro chapadera komanso kulekerera kutentha kwambiri, kotero kuti ngakhale wosazindikira sakulima angakulireni. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusankha mitundu yoyenera ndikudziwa zina mwazinthu za Iberis - kubzala, chisamaliro ndi malamulo oyambira kukula. Thandizani pamtunduwu ndi chithunzi.

Zolemba za Iberis zokulira

Iberis ndi nusu-shrub yomwe imakula mpaka 50 cm, yokhala ndi mizu ya ndodo, masamba ang'onoang'ono a lanceolate ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono omwe atengedwa mu ma inflorescence-maambulera. Mthunzi wambiri wa pamakhala ndi yoyera, koma mitundu ina imakhala ndi pinki, lilac komanso mtundu wofiirira wakuda.

Iberis amatchedwa mosiyanasiyana ndi heterosexual, stennik kapena pepper shaker

Chomera chimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri - Pakati pawo pali udzu, shrub, osagwira chisanu, wokonda kutentha, komanso mitundu yapachaka komanso yosatha.

Pakulima nyengo yanyumba, mitundu yosatha imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri - nthawi zambiri imalolera nyengo yachisanu ndikusangalatsa eni ake ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola kwa zaka zingapo motsatana.

Nthawi yamaluwa imatha miyezi 1.5-2 - kutengera mitundu, inflorescence yoyambayo imatha kuwonekera mu Meyi kapena mu Ogasiti. Iberis limafalikira kwambiri komanso masamba - nthawi zina masamba amabisika kwathunthu pansi pamaluwa ambiri, ndipo malowo amadzazidwa ndi kununkhira kwakukulu.

Kufalikira kwa chomera ndikotheka ndi mbewu ndi njira ya masamba (kugawa chitsamba, mbande), koma olima dimba amakonda njira yoyamba. Chifukwa cha mizu yozika mizu, Iberis simalola kufalikira. Ndikosavuta kusakatula mbewu zomwe zimatha kugwira ntchito kwa zaka zinayi ndikuzibzala munthaka. Kupatulako ndi zigawo zomwe zimakhala ndi nyengo yosakhazikika, pomwe chisanu chimawonedwa mu Epulo ndi Meyi - motere, duwa ndilabwino kukula mbande.

Kodi nyengo ndiyabwino

Kuthengo, Iberis imapezeka makamaka kumapiri akumwera kwa Europe ndi Asia Minor, ku Caucasus, Crimea ndi m'mphepete mwa Don, kotero nyengo yabwino chifukwa ndi yotentha kapena yotentha. Amalekerera chisanu, koma samayankha bwino pakusintha kwadzidzidzi ndi kutentha ndi matalala. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kukhazikika pobzala nthawi yozizira - kutentha kwambiri komanso mvula yambiri, mbewuyo ikhoza kufa. Ma Iberis otsalawo ndi olimba, ndipo kulima sikumafunikira nyengo iliyonse.

Iberis ndi chomera chabwino kwambiri cha uchi

Zithunzi ndi zofotokozera zamitundu yotchuka

Pali mitundu 40 ya Iberis padziko lapansi, koma yotchuka kwambiri ndi mitundu yamuyaya yomwe imalekerera nyengo yozizira, chisanu ndi zovuta zina za nyengo.

Si mitundu yonse ndi mitundu ya Iberis yomwe ili ndi fungo labwino la mbewu iyi.

Zosakhala

Kukula kwa tsamba lonse la masamba ovomerezeka a Iberis sikuti kupitirira 7 cm

Chitsamba chotalika 30 mpaka 40 cm, chimapezeka kuthengo kumwera kwa Asia Minor ndi Europe. Imakhala ndi masamba owala ndi utoto wolemera, ma umbellate inflorescence ndi maluwa oyera okhala ndi mainchesi osapitirira 1.5, omwe amawonekera pakati pa Juni. Ngati mumachotsa ma inflorescence atayamba maluwa, Iberis yobiriwira nthawi zonse imaphukira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti ndipo imakondweretsa diso mpaka chisanu choyamba. Mitundu wamba ikupezeka, chipale chofewa, jamu pang'ono, kufera. Gawani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Iberis yobiriwira - yowawa, kutalika kwake ndi 20-30 cm, ndipo maluwa nthawi zina amakhala ndi kuwala kofiirira.

Wachifwamba

Iberis Crimean imalimidwa makamaka ngati chomera chotseguka, chomwe chimakhala chokongola kwambiri pokongoletsa ziwembu zanu chifukwa cha kukula kwa msana komanso kuzungulira kwa masamba.

Kachilengedwe komwe chilengedwe chimakhala ndi cholowa cha Crimea, kuchokera pomwe mbewuyo idatengera dzina lapadera. Mtundu wamaluwa omwe amafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 5 mpaka 10, koma akuwoneka bwino kwambiri - masamba obiriwira otuwa ndi masamba a lilac omwe amapeza mawonekedwe oyera atatsegula masamba. Limamasamba makamaka mchaka, limakonda nyengo yofatsa komanso yotentha, limalekerera chisanu chambiri osati bwino.

Gibraltar

Iberis Gibraltar ndi oyenera kuyang'ana malo a miyala

Imakhala ngati chomera chamuyaya, koma nthawi yozizira imangotulutsa nthawi 1-2 zokha. Tchire limakula mpaka 25 cm, limakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono opyapyala ndi maambulera inflorescence, omwe, asanakhale ndi maluwa, amakhala ndi lilac hue, koma m'kupita kwanthawi ma petals awo amakhala oyera. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsera, ndi canditaft. Mitengo yake yayikulu ikuluikulu kuposa mitundu ina, ndipo imafanana ndi maluwa a dahlia.

Mwala

Mwala wa Iberis umagwiritsidwa ntchito pathanthwe, malire, malo osakanikirana, pamiyala, umalolera kumeta

Mwachilengedwe, mtundu uwu wa mbewu umapezeka kumadera amiyala kumwera kwa Europe. Zimayambira mpaka 15 cm wamtali wokutidwa ndi maluwa ambiri opepuka a pinki kapena a kirimu kumapeto kwa Epulo. Maluwa amatenga miyezi 1-1.5, mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ndi Vice Risen ndi Tom Tamb.

Umbrella

Iberis Umbrella ali ndi mitundu yowala kwambiri yamitundu yonse yazomera.

Pazaka zophuka zamtunduwu zimamera masentimita 40 kutalika. Amakutidwa ndi khungwa losalala labulidi komanso masamba pang'ono. Mu June, maluwa ochulukirapo a corymbose amakhala ndi maluwa oundana oyera ngati maluwa. Amachita maluwa kwa miyezi yopitilira iwiri. Mitundu yayikulu ndi lashota wofiira ndi loto la pinki. Red Nash - chitsamba chotalika pafupifupi 30 cm chimakutidwa ndi carmine-red inflorescence. Loto la pinki - maluwa angapo owala oyera a pinki amatulutsa maluwa owaza pang'ono pamtambo wobiriwira, chomera chosagwira izi sichitha kuzizira kwakanthawi kochepa.

Iberis pakupanga mawonekedwe

Makina opanga malo amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Iberia makamaka kupanga mabedi a maluwa ndikupanga mapiri a mapiri, koma mmera umakhala woyenera pazifukwa zina. Mitundu yake yamiyala imasiyanitsidwa ndi poto yapamwamba, yapamwamba, kotero zimayenda bwino ndi zikhalidwe zina. Iberis imawoneka yochititsa chidwi kwambiri pakati pa mitengo yobiriwira yobiriwira ndi zomera zokwawa. Njira ina yapadziko lonse yomwe ili yoyenera kumunda uliwonse ndikuphatikiza ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a Iberis okhala ndi inflorescence yayikulu ya marigolds, bluebell, gazania.

Mitundu yambiri yakhala ikulimidwa ndi munthu ngati chomera chokongoletsera; mmera udagawidwa mpaka zaka za zana la 17 pakati pa Europe.

Zithunzi za m'munda ndi ntchito zamaluwa

Njira zopangira

Iberis ikhoza kubzalidwa ndi njere kapena mbande - zomwe zafesedwa zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo kwa wamaluwa kapena kutolera palokha. Njira yabwino ndikakulitsa mbewu pofesa panthaka popewa kuwononga mbande mukamabzala, koma m'malo omwe muli ndi madontho ozizira ndi bwino kusankha njira yachiwiri.

Kubzala mbewu munthaka

Iberis amabzalidwa pamalo otseguka theka lachiwiri la Epulo, pomwe zipatso za masika zimasiyidwa. Kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya ndi + 10-15 ° C, koma kutentha kwa nthaka kuyeneranso kukumbukiridwa. Ngati sichinatenthe konse, ndibwino kudikira mpaka mweziwo kuti uthe. Kotero kuti maluwa amatuluka mosalekeza, mbewu zobzalidwa ndikupumula kwa masabata atatu.

Pobzala, ndibwino kusankha tsamba lomwe lili ndi loamy kapena nthaka yamiyala, yomwe imayatsidwa bwino ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi makina - chinyezi chowonjezera chimakhala chowopsa pamizu ya Iberis ndipo chimatha kuwononga kubzala kwathunthu. Mndandanda wa zochita uli motere:

1. Kukumba mabowo opanda kuya kosaposa 10cm kuchokera patali 12-15 cm kuchokera kwina ndi gawo lofunikira, popeza Iberis imatha kukula mu dothi lachonde.
2. Fotokozerani mbewu mofananirazi ndikuwaza pang'ono ndi nthaka (kudzala chomera kwambiri sikofunikira), nyowetsani nthaka ngati kuli kofunikira. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Iberia imayikidwa kutali ndi wina ndi mzake, kupatula apo kupukusa kumachitika.
3. Yembekezerani mphukira yoyamba ndikuchepera kuti mtunda pakati pa tchire ndi 20-25 cm.

Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya ndi 18-20 ° C, kuphukira kumawonekera m'masiku 7-10, pa kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi 15 ° C - m'masiku 14-20.

Mbande

Kutengera ndi zonse zofunika pakukula kwa Iberis, mbewu imamera bwino

Nthawi yoyenera kubzala mbewu za Iberis pa mbande ndi pakati pa Marichi. Kuti muchite izi, tengani matanki osaya ndi chisakanizo cha mchenga, kenako chitani zotsatirazi:

1. Nthaka nthaka (ngati pakufunika) ndikumasuka bwino.
2. Gawani mbewuzo pansi ndikuzikankhira pang'ono mpaka kupitirira 1-2 mm, kuchokera pamwamba mutha kupaka ufa pang'ono ndi mchenga wopanda mitsinje.
3. Valani zidebe ndi njere zagalasi kapena polyethylene, yoyikidwa pamalo otentha ndikuwunikira bwino, kutentha kuyenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 15-18 ° С.
4. Mbewu zimayenera kupatsidwamo nthawi ndi nthawi ndikunyowa, koma mothandizidwa ndi mfuti yoluka, apo ayi mbewu zimangovunda. Mphukira zoyambirira zimayenera kuwonekera m'masabata a 1-4.
5. Pambuyo pa mphukira, mphukira zimayenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo masamba ang'onoang'ono nthawi ndi nthawi amasinthidwa - kwakanthawi kochepa kupita kumalo abwino.
6. Mbande zibzalidwe pamalo otseguka zikafika kutalika kwa 7 cm - pafupifupi pakati kapena kumapeto kwa Meyi. Mbande zibzalidwe mtunda wa masentimita 12 mpaka 15 kuchokera pa wina aliyense mpaka pakuya kokwanira, osagwedezeka ndi dothi komanso kuti muwononge mizu yolimba.
7. Mutabzala mbande, nthaka yozungulira izikhala yolumikizidwa komanso kupukutidwa pang'ono.

Iberis adzayamba kuphuka mchaka chachiwiri.

Popeza Iberian imakhala ndi mizu yozika mizu, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti inyowetse chomeracho, ngakhale alimi ena amachita zomwezi

Kanema: Kubzala mbewu za Iberis

Kusamalira Kunja kwa Iberis

Iberis ndi imodzi mwazomera zopanda phindu zomwe sizifuna chisamaliro chapadera kapena mtengo waukulu.

Kuthirira pang'ono ndikofunikira pokhapokha ngati mukutentha komanso osagwa mvula kwanthawi yayitali - nthawi yotsalayo mbewu zitachotsa chinyezi kuchokera pansi.

Iberis sikufunikanso kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi - ndikokwanira kudyetsa nkhokwe ndi feteleza wama mineral osachulukanso kawiri panthawi yachilimwe. Izi zimachitika pambuyo pa kuwonekera masamba oyamba komanso koyambirira kwa nthawi ya maluwa. Kuvala pamwamba kumakhudza bwino maonekedwe ndi maluwa ochuluka - atatha kuvala pamwamba amakhala othandiza. Kuti kubzala kumawoneka bwino komanso sikukula kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzidula inflorescence nthawi zonse.

Masamba a Iberis sadziwika kwenikweni chifukwa cha inflorescence pafupifupi

Kusamalira pambuyo maluwa

Kusunga maonekedwe okongola a malo obzala patatha maluwa, ndikofunikira kuti mupewe zomwe zimayambira - osachepera 1/3 a ziwalo zawo amachotsedwa. Matumba omwe amapezeka pamalo a maluwa amatha kukolola kuti apange mbewu. Zomera zikafika zaka zapakati pa zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, zimafunikira kubzala, apo ayi inflorescence imakhala yaying'ono komanso yosowa, chifukwa chomwe bedi la maluwa ndi Iberis limataya zokongoletsera zake.

Maluwa a Iberis ndi oyenera kudula, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati maluwa

Ngakhale kuti mitundu yambiri ya Iberis ndi ya mbewu yosagwira chisanu, nyengo yofunda komanso yovuta ndibwino kuzikonza bwino nthawi yozizira.

Kummwera kwa nyengo yachisanu chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, ndikokwanira kuyika kompositi m'nthaka mozungulira malo obzala - ndikofunikira kuti zisakuwonongereni, apo ayi tchire limakula kwambiri.

Ngati Iberis imamera m'madera osalala, nyengo yopanda chipale, malo obzala ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi masamba agwa, nthambi za spruce kapena burashi youma, owazidwa pang'ono ndi udzu.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo mukakulitsa maluwa

Wamaluwa, monga lamulo, samakhala ndi mavuto ndi Iberis wokula, koma chifukwa cha izi muyenera kusankha malo oyenera kubzala. Pa dothi lolemera kwambiri komanso lonyowa, Iberis imakhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Ngati mbewu zina za banja lopachikika (kabichi, radish, ndi zina) m'mbuyomu zidalimo kale, ndiye kuti kachilombo koyambitsa kabichi kamakhala m'nthaka. Imakhala m'nthaka nthawi yayitali ndipo imayipitsa mizu, kotero musanabzalire ndibwino kuchitira malowa ndi yankho la fungicidal.

Pambuyo pakuvundukula kwa Iberis, nyemba zazing'ono zosanja zokhala ndi masamba awiri zipse, mkati mwake muli njere zazing'ono zofiirira

Mwa tizirombo, Iberis nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi mealybugs, ntchentche zadothi ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.

Kuwonongeka kwa mawonekedwe kumachitika pa masamba, omwe amawonetsa kufalikira kwa mbewu, ndikofunikira kuchitira mwachangu mankhwala apadera.

Ndemanga

Iberis wobzalidwa ndi maluwa, mizu yake ndikukula msuzi wabwino wobiriwira. Pazaka zapitazi, zowonjezera awiri (pakadali mainchesi ndi 35 cm). Tchire lenilenilo ndilotsika, masentimita 20 okha. Limaphuka ndi maluwa oyera oyera. Palinso Iberis ndi mitundu ina. Chomwe ndimakonda za iye ndi masamba ake abwino, achikuda. Tchire limakongoletsa nthawi iliyonse pachaka, Kuphatikiza apo, Iberis ndi mbewu yobiriwira nthawi zonse.

Yulia_tseknaser

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Iberis kwakhala kukukula kwakekonso. Poyamba maluwa, ndimabzala mbande zochepa. Chaka chino adabzala izi pa Epulo 11th yokha. Ndikupangira kubzala mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha, chifukwa salola kuti mbande za Iberis kutentha kunyumba, motero zifa.

Bambo Galya

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Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Iberis yokhala ndi maluwa oyera ngati oyera komanso otuwa. Kuti musunge kukongoletsa mutatha maluwa, muyenera kudulira nthambi zosachepera 1/3 kenako chitsamba chija chimayamba kupangira nthambi ndikupanga mawonekedwe okongola a jekete, osungidwa mpaka nthawi yophukira.

Tata

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Ndinaphunzira zamaluwa ngati a Iberis chaka chino chokha. Chapakatikati ndidagula mbewu ndikazitenga, monga akunena, osayang'ana. Mitundu yoyamba yomwe ndidabzala ma amberla a Iberis, yofesedwa pansi, ngakhale mutha kuwabzala mbande (zomwe sindimakonda kuchita ndi maluwa osamalira maluwa). Munalinso mbewu zochepa mumtengowo ndipo ndinangozifesa pagulu laling'ono (mwatsoka sindinasunge zojambulazo). Kuwombera kunawonekera patatha masiku 10 ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi, ambulera yoyamba inatseguka pang'ono. Posakhalitsa tchire lonse lidaphukira, nditatha ndidagula mbewu za Iberis hyacinthiflora ndikubzala mozungulira maambulera. Ndasunga izi kale ndikusiya mbewu zina. Popeza inali mwezi woyamba wa chilimwe, nyengo ikakhala yotentha, mitundu iyi idayamba masiku angapo ndipo tsopano yonseyo yatulutsa.

Aeternum

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Nthawi yoyamba kugula mbewu za maambulera a Iberis pafupifupi zaka khumi zapitazo. Kukula chomera cha pachaka ichi kuchokera ku mbewu kudakhala kosavuta kwambiri kuyambira nthawi imeneyo ndakhala ndikubzala chaka chilichonse patsamba langa. Mwayi wofunikira kwambiri wa ma ambulera a Iberis ndi inflorescence yake ya burashi, yomwe imakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a lilac, a pinki, ofiirira kapena oyera ndi maluwa anayi. Mabulosi a Iberis amafanana ndi maambulera okhala bwino, motero dzina la mbewuyo. Nthawi zonse ndimabzala Iberis mkati mwa Meyi, pomwe kwatentha kale ndipo kutentha kwa masana kukuzungulira +18 ºC. M'mikhalidwe yotere, mbande zimatuluka patatha pafupifupi milungu iwiri.

Svetlana Nikolaevna

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Iberis ndi mbewu yosinthika komanso yosasinthika, yomwe imadziwika kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri olima maluwa komanso oyamba kumene, akatswiri pa kapangidwe ka maluwa ndi maluwa. Ndi malamulo onse a kukula ndi kusamalira mbewu, ndizikhala zokongoletsera zabwino kwambiri za dimba lililonse.