Arctotis yakhala ikukula monga chikhalidwe chokongoletsera maluwa pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri, koma ku Russia chomera ichi sichikudziwika ndi aliyense. Maluwa awa ndiabwino kwambiri, amakhala ndi mtundu wolemera. Amawerengedwa kuti ndi abale ake a gerbera. Koma maluwa ake nthawi zonse amakhala otseguka, ndipo tchuthi chake chimakhala pafupi usiku ndi mitambo.
Kodi duwa limachokera kuti?
Mwachilengedwe, arctotis ndi herbaceous chomera.
Malo obadwira kumene kuli arctotis ndi ku South Africa, pomwe amakula pamiyala. Nthawi zina amapezeka kumwera kwa Zimbabwe ndi Angola pamadothi osowa. Mitundu ina imamera munyengo zofananira ku South America. Chifukwa chake, malo owerengera amatha kuonedwa ngati chikhalidwe chosalemekeza, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti safuna chisamaliro.
Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chilatini, Arctotis amatanthauza "khutu la chimbalangondo", monga momwe limatchulidwira. Osangokhala mawonekedwe a duwa, koma masamba ake. Amatchulidwanso kuti daisy waku South Africa, ndipo mitundu yosakanizidwa yomwe imagulitsidwa m'misika yamaluwa imatchedwa gabris. Ichi ndi chomera cha banja la aster.
Kutchire, arctotis amakula monga zitsamba komanso udzu, koma m'minda mukalimidwa mwachikhalidwe, imatha kumera maluwa akuluakulu amodzi.
Zambiri za kukula kwa arctotis
Mbewu zingapo zibzalidwe mu chisa chimodzi, kusiya mtunda wa masentimita 20 mpaka 40 pakati pawo
Amakhulupirira kuti duwa limatha kukhala pachaka, lokhalokha, komanso osatha. Ndi pachaka pakatikati ndi kolowera ku Russia, chifukwa sichilola kuzizira. Koma madera akumwera, duwa likukumana ndi nyengo yozizira.
Gabris pachimake kuyambira Julayi mpaka chisanu chomwe, mpaka pakati pa Novembala. Maluwa amafanana ndi aster kapena daisy wamkulu, koma amawoneka owoneka bwino komanso okulirapo. Pa chiwembu chanyumba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chikhalidwe chokongoletsera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha izi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakhala yosalala pabedi.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri
Mwachilengedwe, mbewu iyi imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri, koma si onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima, ma hybrids ambiri adapangidwa.
Stachosolate (Arctotis stoechadifolia)
Arctosis imakhala yomasuka kwambiri ngati pali dothi lokwanira pamtunda, lomwe lingawonetsetsetsetsetsetsetsetsetsetse kuti mulimidwe wake.
Mmodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino. Zimayambira kukula mpaka mita imodzi. Utoto ndi wovuta, wazithunzi zingapo (zoyera, zachikaso, zapinki). Limamasula kwa nthawi yayitali, mpaka chisanu.
Monga mbewu yolimidwa kuyambira 1900.
Short-stemmed (Arctotis breviscapa)
Arktossis isanayambe kuphuka, amalangizidwa kuti awaphatikize ndi yankho la feteleza wa mchere
Chomera chotsika mpaka 15cm kutalika. Masamba ndi zimayambira zimakutidwa ndi oyera oyera. Pakati, maluwa amakhala ndi nthenga zachikasu zowoneka bwino, m'mbali mwake - zoyera.
Yakhala ikugulitsidwa m'minda kwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri - kuyambira 1812.
Grungy (Arctotis aspera)
Feteleza zachilengedwe zitha kuvulaza maluwa
Imafika kutalika kwa theka la mita. Ku Russia, wamkulu ngati pachaka. Ma inflorescence amakhala achikaso komanso bulauni.
Lush (Arctotis Fastuosa)
Arctosis imakhala pachiwopsezo cha tiziromboka monga nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nsikidzi
Ali ndi maluwa owala a lalanje kapena achikasu, amakula modabwitsa komanso mulu. Amawerengedwa ngati woyamba kubadwa a mitundu yambiri ya haibridi.
Zosasunthika (Arctotis Acaulis)
Arctotis pali mitundu yopitilira 30
Zomera zazing'ono komanso zazing'ono kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri sizidutsa masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Chimawoneka bwino mu mphika.
Tikufika
Kumagawo akum'mwera komwe kumatentha, chikhalidwecho chitha kupangidwa kuchokera kumbewu zomwe zidabzyala panthaka. Izi zitha kuchitika kale koyambirira kwa Meyi, ngati palibe choopseza chisanu. Komabe, chikhalidwecho chimalekerera kutentha mpaka kufika pa 1 degree. M'malo ozizira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yomera:
- Mbewu zimagulidwa kapena kugula kapena kusungidwa m'mundawo milungu iwiri itatha maluwa; ziyenera kuchitika mwachangu, mbewu ndizochepa kwambiri, ndiye kuti m'mundamo mudzatayika.
- Ndikofunika kuyika dothi lokonzedwa poto miphika ziwiri, zitatu zilizonse, ndibwino kuti tisayike njere zonse, matenthedwe samalolera kuthira pansi.
- Kubzala kuyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa Marichi; mbande ziziwoneka m'masiku 8-10.
- Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika mosamala, makamaka kuchokera pansipa.
- Nthamba zingabzalidwe panthaka chakumapeto kwa Meyi kapena ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa Juni, zonse zimatengera nyengo; chikhalidwe ichi makamaka amakonda kutentha kuzungulira 20 madigiri.
- Mitundu yomwe imakula pang'ono iyenera kuyikidwa patali 20-30 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake, apamwamba - mtunda wa 40 cm.
- Mutha kubzala mbewu m'bokosi wamba; ndi njirayi, amamwazika panthaka ndikufundidwa ndi galasi, pakapita kanthawi nkuchotsedwa; Kubayimbira kumachitika mosamala kwambiri kuti pasawononge mizu.
Nthaka itha kusankhidwa ngakhale yolimba, osati dongo zokha kapena yonyowa. Kuongolera bwino kwambiri.
Chisamaliro
Kusamalira mbewu kumasiyana malinga ndi nthawi ya maluwa.
Pa kukula ndi maluwa
Kuthirira maluwa kwambiri sikofunikira; sakonda izi. Mutha kudalira mvula nthawi yayitali, komanso kuthilira nthawi yachilala. Zomera zitha kufa chifukwa cha kuthirira pansi.
Maluwa amachitika pakatha miyezi 1-2. Izi zisanachitike, mbewu zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa mchere kamodzi mutabzala, koma zochepa.
Mutha kudyetsa izi ndi feteleza wachilengedwe!
Maluwa ataliatali amafunika thandizo
Pambuyo maluwa, fores inflorescence ayenera kuchotsedwa.
Masamba a khutu nthawi zambiri amapanga chivundikiro chaudzu chokongola kwambiri chomwe chimakhala chokongola kwambiri ngati chimadulidwa kuchokera kumwamba.
Pambuyo maluwa - kukonzekera yozizira
Masabata pambuyo pa 1.5-2 atamasulidwa, ma inflorescence amayamba kuuma. Atangotuluka chophimba choyera chapadera, sonkhanitsani njere. Pakhoza kukhala ambiri a iwo mu mphukira imodzi, mpaka zidutswa 500, kotero tengani pang'ono kulikonse.
Kenako amauma ndikusiyidwa mumiyala yotsekedwa mpaka masika.
Kumagawo kakum'mwera kwa Russia kokha komwe "khutu lonyamula" lingasiyidwe nthawi yozizira, lokutidwa ndi nthambi za zipatso kapena masamba basi ndi kudulelapo.
Kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa arctotis kumapezeka ndi godetia, fuchsia ndi marigold.
Chapakati pa Russia, arctotis salekerera nyengo yachisanu.
Ngati mumakondadi duwa ili, liwikeni mumphika ndi kupita nalo kwawo. Kuyika kokha kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala. Mizu ya mbewu ndiyofooka kwambiri.
Kukula zovuta ndi matenda
Zomera sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera, koma kuthilira pafupipafupi komanso kambiri kumatha kuyipitsa. Kenako duwa litha kufalikira ndi fungal muzu zowola. Ndizovuta kwambiri kuchotsa, nthawi zambiri ngakhale kudulira mizu sikuthandiza. Ndikwabwino kuwotcha chomera chomwe chayambukiridwacho kuti fungus isafalikire maluwa ena onse.
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka kumathanso kuona. Iyenera kumenyedwa ndi Bordeaux fluid malinga ndi malangizo.
Potentha, nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kutsika pamundapo. Kulowetsedwa kwa masamba a fodya kapena adyo kungathandize pano.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khutu la chimbalangondo tsopano ikopa anthu ochulukirachulukira. Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwadongosolo popanga mawonekedwe. Mwachitsanzo, pa ma curbs kapena pa lawis kuti mupumule.
