Nkhwangwa imamuyesedwa kuti ndi "mfumu" ya chida chofufuta. Mmisiri wamatabwa weniweni, waluso pantchito yake, amadziwa kupanga nkhwangwa, wangwiro pa ntchito inayake. Bwana, monga lamulo, amakhala ndi ma ax angapo, amakhala okonzeka kugwira ntchito. Komabe, chida ichi sichofunikira osati amisiri opala matabwa okha, komanso ndi anthu wamba omwe akukhala mnyumba zakunja kunja kwa mzindawo, komanso nzika zomwe zimayenda nyengo yachilimwe kapena kumapeto kwa sabata kumapiri achilimwe. Mwini aliyense ayenera kutema nkhuni kuti asungunuke chitofu m'nyumba kapena m'nyumba yosambira. Kuti njirayi ipite mofulumira komanso osayambitsa vuto ngati nkhwangwa yowuluka, chitsulo chosalala kapena nkhwangwa yosweka, muyenera kukhala okonzekera chida ichi chantchito ndikuchisunga mu "kupambana kukonzekera" munthawi yonse ya moyo. Mawonekedwe a nkhwangwa amatha kukhala osiyana. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa nkhwangwa moyenera, kukwatira, kenako ndikulupitsa tsamba kumtunda wamanja.
Kugula nkhwangwa kapena momwe mungasankhire gawo loyimbira?
Pogula nkhwangwa, kapena m'malo mwake kuboola, ndi bwino kumayang'ana pa chitsulo chomwe chidatengedwa popanga chida. Onani chizindikiro cha GOST pa nkhwangwa, chomwe chimatsimikizira kutsatira zitsulo ndi miyezo ya boma ndi zofunikira zake. Yang'anani ngati m'malo mwa chizindikirochi mudzakhala TU, OST kapena MRTU. Pankhaniyi, wopanga angasinthe kuukadaulo. Axes of Soviet times, yodziwika ndi zitsulo zapamwamba kwambiri, amatha kugulidwa pamsika wamafuta.
Mtundu wazitsulo umathanso kuyesedwa mwamphamvu potenga nkhwangwa ziwiri ndikuwombera imodzi ndi tsamba la inayo. Pazinthu zotsika mtengo, matchuthi amakhalabe ndi zotsatira zake. Komanso, zitsulo zamtunduwu zimayang'aniridwa ndi phokoso lomwe limapangidwa pomwe nkhwangwa imagunda. Potere, chida chiyenera kukhala chokhazikitsidwa.
Muyeneranso kuyang'ana pa mfundo izi:
- Pa tsamba lokokedwa bwino sipayenera kuti pakhale uta kapena maenje;
- mawonekedwe a maso;
- mawonekedwe a diso ndi nkhwangwa;
- makulidwe ang'ono a butt ndi perpendicularity ya malekezero ake mpaka tsamba.
Musakhumudwe ngati simungapeze nkhwangwa yomwe ikukwaniritsa zonsezi. Inde, kupatuka komwe kwatchulidwa kumatha kuchotsedwa ndikuwongolera mabuluni, kutopetsa diso ndikupereka mtembo mawonekedwe.
Komanso, momwe mungapangire chipangizo chonyamulira nkhuni ndizothandiza: //diz-cafe.com/tech/perenoska-dlya-drov-svoimi-rukami.html
Kusankhidwa kwa zovala ndi kupanga ma hatchets
Kutalika kwa nkhwangwa kumasankhidwa potengera kukula ndi kulimba kwa mbuye wake. Udindo wofunikira umaseweredwa ndi mtundu wamatabwa. Ma axel opepuka, olemera pafupifupi 800-1000 g, amakhala ndi masentimita 40 mpaka 60. Kwa zida zolemera (1000-1400 g) kutalika kwa nkhwangwa kumasiyana kuchokera 55 mpaka 65 cm.
Mphamvu yothandizira imatengera kutalika kwa nkhwangwa. Kutalika kwa nkhwangwa, kumakhala kosavuta kudula nkhuni. Mphamvu ndi kukula kwa munthu zimafunikanso
Sikuti mitundu yamatanda iliyonse ndiyabwino kupanga chitsulo. Pachifukwa ichi, mbuye weniweni amatulutsa nkhalango yonse asanapeze mtengo woyenera. Nthawi zambiri, chimakhala chobowola nkhwangwa chimapangidwa kuchokera koyambira pa birch, komanso bwino kumera pamtengo wake, womwe umadziwika ndi mtengo wowoneka bwino komanso wowuma kwambiri. M'malo mwa birch, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapulo, thundu, mthethe, phulusa ndi mitengo ina yolimba. Mipira imayenera kuyimitsidwa bwino pazachilengedwe, zomwe zimatenga nthawi yambiri.
Pazinsinsi zomwe zakonzedwa, zotsalira za nkhwangwa yamtsogolo zimakokedwa molingana ndi template yosankhidwa. Pamapeto pa chogwirizira cha nkhwangwa chiziperekedwa ndi makulidwe, opangidwa kuti "agwadule" dzanja ngati lingagwere chida. Kenako nkhuni zowonjezera kunja kwa mtambo zimachotsedwa ndi mpeni, nkhwangwa yokhala ndi tsamba lakuthwa bwino, chisel kapena jigsaw, yomwe imathamanga kwambiri. Mukamaliza kuliza pamphuno zotsalira ndi nkhwangwa, ndikuonetsetsa kuti zigawengazi ndizoyenera, mutha kupitilizanso kumaliza kulimbikira chida. Galasi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupukuta, ndipo sandpaper yokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino imagwiritsidwa ntchito poterera.
Pamwambapa pali chithunzi cha nkhwangwa (a) yomwe imakwaniritsa zofunikira za GOST 1400-73, ndipo pansipa pali chogwirizira cha nkhwangwa (b) yokhala ndi ulusi wosasunthika wa mamilimita 40
Zofunika! Ngati hatchet ilowa mosavuta m'diso, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti mbuye adalakwitsa powerengera ndikupanga molakwika template. Pankhaniyi, ngakhale mphero yolowera m'malere siyingakonze vutolo, kuperekera kwakanthawi nkhwangwa.
Momwe mungayikitsire nkhwangwa pa chogwirira?
Pansipa pali algorithm yoyendetsera zochitika, kuwonetsa momwe angabzalire nkhwangwa pa nkhwangwa yopukutidwa ndi yopukutidwa. Iyi ndi imodzi mwanjira zotheka:
- Fikani pamwamba pa nkhwangwa pansi pa diso la nkhwangwa. Pankhaniyi, kudula nkhuni zowonjezera ndi mpeni. Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito fayilo, chifukwa "ikasinthira" mtengo.
- Pa nkhwangwa, yoyikidwa molunjika patebulo, ikani nkhwangwa pamwamba, ndikuika pensulo pa cholembera pomwe ikayikidwamo. Gawani mzerewo pakati ndikuyika chizindikiro chachiwiri.
- Tsitsani hatchet mowoneka bwino kuti malekezero ake akhale pamwamba. Tengani hacksaw yachitsulo ndikudula kwachiwiri mpaka pansi pa gawo.
- Gulani chingwe chachitsulo m'sitolo kapena konzani mtengo wamatabwa, makulidwe ake akhale kuyambira 5 mpaka 10 mm. Kutalika kwa mphako yopangidwira nkhwangwa ndi manja anu kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi kuya, ndipo m'lifupi muyenera kukhala ofanana ndi kukula kwa diso la nkhwangwa.
- Ikani bolodi patebulo ndikuyika nkhwangwa pamenepo, ndikuyiyika pansi. Ikani nkhwangwa pa nkhwangwa ndikuyamba kuyimba pa bolodi. Kenako tembenuzirani ndikugogoda pa bolodi chogwirizira ndi nkhwangwa, pomwe ntchito yobzala ikupitilirabe. Kutembenuza ndikuphonya kuyenera kuchitidwa kangapo. Zotsatira zake, nkhwangwa idzalowa m'diso.
- Kenako, ikani nkhwangwa molunjika ndikuyika gawo lolinganizidwa kuduladula, ndi kuipukusa ndi mapira mpaka theka kapena pafupifupi kumapeto. Tawonani chilichonse chomwe chatsalira kuchokera pansi ndi hacksaw.
- Ikani mafuta (mota, zopendekera, mpendadzuwa, ndi zina) pa nkhwangwa, lolani kuti zochulukazo zitheke ndikuchoka kuti ziume. Pukuta nkhwangwa ndi chogwirira ndi nsanza.
Pambuyo poyesera nkhwangwa kupita ku nkhwangwa, yosonyezedwa chithunzi (a), pangani phokoso (b) ndikumanga chogwiririra (c): 1 - nkhwangwa, 2 - nkhwangwa, 3 - wedge
Kodi nkhwangwa ili ndi mbali yanji?
Kuti chidachi chisayambitse vuto, ndikofunikira kukulitsa tsamba la nkhwangwa molondola. Malinga ndi zofunikira za GOST, makulidwe akuthwa a nkhwangwa yomanga akuyenera kukhala 20-30 °. Chida chofala matabwa chakuthwa pamlingo wokulirapo pang'ono wofanana ndi 35 °. Malingaliro olimbikitsidwawa ayenera kusamalidwa, chifukwa masamba owonda adzamanga nkhuni. Kuti muwachotse adzayenera kuchita zina zowonjezera. Pa mfundo zazikulu, tsamba lowonda limatha kukhota. Lamba lakuthwa pamakona a 35 °, kuthyola tchipisi tomwe titha kupatukana ndi chipika chachikulu, sichimangirira nkhuni.
Choyamba, "lakuthwa" lakuthwa pachimake limachitika, pomwepo ndikutha kuthetsa zonse, kuwonongeka kwakang'ono ndi mabowo akuluakulu okhala ndi gudumu lopukutira lomwe limagwedezeka. Poterepa, mapangidwe a nkhwangwa yatsopano yomveka bwino. Kenako tsamba lakuthwa limayatsidwa "lakuthwa" lakuthwa. Kukukuta kumachitika pamodzi ndi kutalika konse kwa tsamba kumbali zonse ndi chivundikiro chowoneka bwino, chomwe chimachotsa zotunga zonse.
Njira zitatu zokumbira tsamba la nkhwangwa: a) gudumu lopukusa; b) Whetstone, yothira madzi; c) Kusintha ndi bulu wothira mafuta a makina
Zofunika! Ma Sheeni a nkhwangwa komanso kusapezeka kwa mabatani pamalire odula zikuwonetsa kuti njira yokhotakhota idachita bwino.
Kusunga nkhwangwa?
Pambuyo pa ntchito, tikulimbikitsidwa kuvala chophimba chopangidwa ndi chikopa chambiri, khungwa la birch kapena zinthu zina pamalopo. Simungasiye nkhwangwa yomangidwa m'khola. Mbuye weniweni amasamalira chida chake, chifukwa nkhwangwa ndi "kuwonjezera" m'manja mwake.
Mutayesera kudula nkhuni ndi nkhwangwa yopanga tokha kamodzi, simudzatha kugwira ntchito ndi chida chosungira. Ngati mukukayikira mphamvu yanu, ndiye gwiritsani ntchito ntchito za ambuye omwe amadziwa kupanga hatchet yosavuta ndi nkhwangwa kuchokera ku chosungira komanso chouma chogwiritsidwa ntchito.
