- Mtundu: Lilac
- Nthawi Y maluwa: Meyi, Juni, Julayi, Ogasiti, Seputembala, Okutobala
- Kutalika: 20-250cm
- Mtundu: oyera, achikaso, malalanje, ofiira, owala, awiri-mmbali
- Osayamba
- Nyengo
- Wokonda dzuwa
- Kukonda
Lily ndi duwa lokongola modabwitsa komanso lonunkhira bwino lomwe lomwe limalemekezedwa m'mitundu yambiri. A Greek amati adachokera kwa Mulungu, amakhulupirira kuti kakombo amakula kuchokera mkaka wa Juno - mayi wa milungu. Ndipo m'matembenuzidwe enieni ochokera ku Chigriki, "li-li" amveka "oyera-oyera." Aroma amamulemekeza monga duwa lalikulu pamaphwando omwe amalemekeza mulungu wamkazi wa kasupe Flora. Akhristu ndi Ayuda amakongoletsa maguwa awo opatulika, pogwiritsira ntchito kakombo monga chizindikiro cha kuyera. Duwa limatha kupezeka m'manja a mabanja odziwika a mayiko osiyanasiyana. Masiku ano, maluwa amakongoletsa malo ambiri osungirako zinyama, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito maluwa ngati maluwa. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri kuti maluwa odabwitsa awa azomera ndi kubzala kolondola kwa maluwa ndi kuwasamalira.
Magulu akuluakulu ndi mitundu yotchuka ya maluwa
Malinga ndi gulu la padziko lonse lapansi, mbewu zabwino zam'mera zam'mera zokhazokha zimagawidwa m'magulu 9:
- Waku Asia - pezani mitundu 5,000. Amadziwika ndi chosasinthika ndi hardness yozizira, maluwa samanunkhiza.
- Curly - kuwerengera makiredi 200. Dzinali linaperekedwa chifukwa cha inflorescences ofanana ndi choyikapo nyali ndi mitu yoyala.
- Choyera ngati chipale - pezani mitundu 30. Ali ndi fungo labwino kwambiri ndipo amatha kukhala ndi utoto wachikaso. Wodwala kwambiri.
- Waku America - khalani ndi mitundu 140. Maluwa ndi abwino kwambiri pamitundu yosalala yowoneka bwino, yokongoletsedwa nthawi zambiri ndi timaso takuda tating'ono. Wokongola.
- Kutalika kwamtunda - Khalani ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba pamtondo wowongolera mbali kapena pansi, onunkhira kwambiri. Munthawi zamakhalidwe, nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda opatsirana, amakula ngati mbewu zobiriwira.
- Tubular - akhale ndi duwa lofanana ndi gramophone yakutali, yolumikizidwa kuchokera kumiyeso yama sera. Moody, akusowa pogona nyengo yachisanu.
- Kum'mawa (Kummawa) - Gulu lalikulu lili ndi mitundu 1300. Moody, wofuna kutentha, nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi matenda.
- Zophatikiza zosakanizidwa - kuphatikiza mikhalidwe yabwino yamagulu amodzi payekha. Wokongola kwambiri komanso wokongola. Mwa mitundu yomwe idapezedwa chifukwa chodutsa, yotchuka kwambiri ndi ma hybrids a LA, ma OT ma hybrids, ndi ma hybrids a LO okhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu mpaka 25 cm m'mimba mwake kwa distillation.
- Mitundu yachilengedwe - chitani mbali yayikulu pakupanga mitundu yatsopano.
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, izi zimakonda kukhala m'malo achilengedwe a kumpoto kwa America: ku Mediterranean, kumwera chakum'mawa kwa America, Japan, ndi China. Kugawa kwakukulu pakati patali anali azowoneka ngati kakombo ku Asia.
Maluwa ndi amodzi mwa oimira okongola kwambiri pamitundu yoyambira. Ndi a banja la daylilies ndipo ndi abale a anyezi, agogo, amalonda
Anthu aku Asia amachokera ku zachilengedwe zamaluwa a ku Siberia, monga Daurskaya ndi Tigrovaya, chifukwa chake nthawi yozizira kwambiri ndi yolimba komanso yosinthika ndi nyengo yabwino. Magulu otsala amaluwa, monga kummawa, tubular kapena curly, amafunikira chisamaliro chochuluka.
Pakati mwa nzimbe zaku Asia, zokongoletsera kwambiri ndizo mitundu:
- "Marlene" - pamakhala mthunzi wofewa wa pinki. Ndiwotchuka chifukwa chamaluwa ambiri.
- "Landini" - mawonekedwe okongola a maroon kuposa mita yokwera.
- "Aphrodite" - duwa lotuwa ndi miyala yapinki.
Mwa mitundu yakale komanso yoyesedwa nthawi yayitali, ndiyofunikanso kuwunikira: "Kuyambika" ndi maluwa a hue wolemera wofiirira, "Wonongerani" ndi miyala yosalala ya utoto wachikasu, "Peprike" wokhala ndi maluwa ofiira.
Oimira odalirika a gulu la Orientali atha kuganiziridwa: "Mona Liza" wokhala ndi maluwa okongola a pinki, "Tiber" wokhala ndi maluwa a lilac hue opangidwa ndi malire oyera, kukongola koyera ngati chipale "Siberia"
Kusankha kubzala zakuthupi
Mukamasankha zodzala, ndikofunika kuganizira za nyengo za malowo, chifukwa si maluwa onse omwe amatha kulolera kusinthasintha kwa kutentha mopanda kupweteka.
Mukamagula zinthu zodzala, yang'anirani babu mwachidwi: kodi pali mawanga kapena zokuyankhira zowola? Zizindikirozi zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa matenda a chomera. Babuyo iyenera kukhala utoto wogawana, matayala okwanira kumenyana.
Kulemba mayina kukuthandizira kudziwa kuyenderana kwa mbewuyo:
- Chiwerengero choyamba cha Chiroma chimayimira gulu la maluwa;
- Manambala achiwiri akuwonetsa malo a duwa ("a" - mmwamba, "b" - mbali, "c" - pansi);
- Kalatayo kudutsa chidutswacho ikuimira mawonekedwe a duwa ("a" ndi ya tubular, "b" yaphikidwa, "c" ndi lathyathyathya, ndipo "d" ndi chalmoid).
Musanabzale, ndibwino kusungira mababu pamalo ozizira, kukonkha ndi mchenga, utuchi kapena moss. Zina zimakwanira pansi pa firiji pazolinga izi.
Pakudzala masika, sankhani mababu omwe mphukira zake zayamba kale kale ndipo mizu yayifupi yayandikira
Ngati bulb itayamba kumera isanachitike, ndikofunikira kuti ibzalidwe mumphika wamaluwa, ndikuisiya m'chipinda chotentha. Ndikofunika kubwezerani m'malo otseguka pambuyo pa chisanu.
Kusankha malo okhalitsa
Pokonzekera momwe angayikere kukongola kwa tsambalo, muyenera kuganizira za gulu lake. Mizere ya Tubular, Asia ndi kummawa imawonetsera kukongoletsa kopambana mu madera abwino.
Amakhala omasuka mu penumbra ya kakombo, momwe mizu yotsika imakhazikitsidwa pansi pa tsinde. Izi zimaphatikizapo maluwa amitundu yotuwa. Ndikofunikira kuziyika kotero kuti gawo loyambira limabisidwa, ndipo inflorescence imawunikiridwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Lily ndi chomera chokonda kutentha chomwe chimakonda malo owuyatsidwa bwino, wokutidwa ndi "chinsalu" cha masamba obiriwira kuchokera kumphepo zamphepo
Maluwa okhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu amawoneka ochititsa chidwi pakuchita payekha. Mukabzala maluwa ang'onoting'ono kuti muone zokongoletsa, ndibwino kuti mupange magulu ang'onoang'ono, ndikuwayika patali ndi 10-15 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Poyerekeza ndi masamba okoma a zipatso zina, maluwa owala bwino amaoneka bwino, ndikupanga chithunzi chokongola.
Pobzala maluwa, masamba omwe ali pamtunda wocheperako ndi abwino. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kukokoloka kwa madzi amvula, omwe nthawi zambiri amayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewu ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Dothi lamtambo ndizopha kukongola kokongola. Ndikothekanso kukonza momwe dongo ndi dothi lolemu lolemerera mwa kukonza ngalande. Kuti muchite izi, ikani maenje, kuwayika pamalo otsetsereka pang'ono. Pansi pa maenjewo mumakhala chidutswa cha njerwa yophwanyidwa kapena miyala yaying'ono, owazidwa ndi mchenga wam'madzi ndipo wokutidwa ndi dothi.
Poti dothi pafupi ndi malo oyambira a dengalo ali mumthunzi ndipo silikulirakulira pansi pa dzuwa, posachedwa ndibwino kudzala zipatso za masana, mabelu ndi makamu. Zomera zomwe zimayala zidzaphimba dziko lapansi, ndikupanga mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri opangira kukongola kokongola.
Kukonza dothi koyenera
Dothi loyenera limapambana 80% pakukula maluwa. Mosasamala gulu la anyezi, onse amakonda kulima dothi lolemera.
Pa dothi lolemera komanso lopanda madzi ambiri, mitundu ya gulu la America ndi ma hybrids akum'mawa amakula bwino
Feteleza wabwino kwambiri wamaluwa amamuwona ngati humus. Koma ziyenera kumwedwa mosamala: ndikamadya kwambiri, mbeu zimayamba "kunenepa". Izi zimakwiyitsa kuchepa kwawo, kuchepa kwa matenda komanso kuchepa kwa chisanu. Chiwerengero choyenera cha humus ndi ma 7-8 kg pa 1 sq.m.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa manyowa owola pang'ono okhala ndi microflora ya pathogenic yokhala ndi mbewu za pathogenic kungawononge mbewu.
Nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa maluwa a herbaceous iyenera kukhala ndi zokwanira michere, chifukwa m'malo amodzi chomera chimatha kukhala zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu. Mukakumba dothi, nthawi yake limakhala ndi feteleza wophatikiza, monga nitrogen, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Amapangidwa pamlingo wa magalamu 100 pa mita iliyonse.
Popeza mizu ya mbewu imapita mozama, amakumba dothi asanalime, kukumba mwakuya masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Kuthira dothi lolemera, mchenga umawonjezedwanso
Ambiri oimira banja lanyengo samalola dothi lokhala ndi acidic, amasankha pang'ono zamchere ndi zophatikizika pang'ono za nthaka. Pa dothi lokhazikika bwino, mitundu yokha ya anthu akummawa ndi omwe amakhala omasuka. Anthu a ku Asia ndi LA hybrids amakonda kwambiri dothi losalowerera komanso humus, ndipo maluwa a tubular amakongoletsa kwambiri pamtunda wosauka, wamchere pang'ono wokhala ndi phulusa ndi mchenga.
Kuthandiza kuchepetsa acidity nthaka:
- Phulusa lamatabwa - limapangidwa pamlingo wa 150-200 g pa 1 sq.m;
- Choko - pangani pakukumba lalikulu mita 300-500 gr.
Kubzala Zinthu
Mababu amayendera asanadzalemo, kutaya toyesa matenda: amachotsa minofu yowonongeka, amadula mizere yozungulira ndi mizu yakufa.
Zinthu zoyesedwa zimatsukidwa popanikizidwa kwa mphindi 20-30. Kenako, kuti tipewe kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus, amasungidwa mu potaziyamu yovomerezeka ya potaziyamu yomwe inakonzedwa mu gawo la 5 g pa 10 malita a madzi, kenaka yankho la mankhwalawa, foundationazole. Ngati ndi kotheka, amatha kuikidwa mu mankhwala ophera tizilombo tokhazikika pa chlorophos ndi posphamide peresenti imodzi.
Mizu ya mbewuzi imawuma msanga mokwanira. Chifukwa chake, mutayamba kuwira, palibe chifukwa chowapukuta
Sankhani nthawi yobzala
Nthawi yabwino yobzala itatha mbewu kutulutsa. Iyi ndi nyengo kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa nyundo. Pankhani ya kupeza mababu kumayambiriro kwa masika, kubzala kutha kuchitidwa nthaka ikangolowa pansi ndikuuma. Kubzala masika a masika kumakhala koopsa chifukwa mphukira zazing'ono zimatha kuwonongeka.
Kubzala masika ndi koyenera kwa mitundu yamaluwa mochedwa, mababu ake omwe amapanga pang'onopang'ono. Amakhala ndi ma hybrids a LO ndi mitundu yamagulu akum'mawa: Rio Negro, White Haven, Rialto, Marco Polo.
Mukabzala mbewu, ndibwino kuwongoleredwa ndi lamulo loti mababu akuluakulu okhala ndi mulifupi wa 8-12 masentimita obzalidwa mpaka 25 cm, ndipo ang'onoang'ono mpaka akuzama katatu kukula kwa babu
Zokha zomwe zingasiyane ndi Chalcedony, Woyera-Snow ndi Testaceum. Amapanga rosette wamasamba pang'ono, motero nthaka yosanjikiza pamwamba pake siyenera kupitirira 2-3 cm.
Kubzala mababu mumtundu wolemera wamtunda, pansi pa maenje obzala amakutidwa ndi mchenga 5 cm. Kuti awatetezere ku ma voles, ma waya opaka amaikidwa pazitseko zamkati mwa dzenjelo.
Anyezi amayikidwa pansi pa dzenje, atakhala pa "pilo" la mchenga, ndipo mizu imawongoka. Satha kukhala odulidwa komanso kuwerama. Tsambali limayikidwa ndi zikhomo ndikuwazidwa ndi nthaka, ikupunthwa pang'ono. Dzenje limadzaza kwambiri ndikukhazikitsa madzi ndikuphimbidwa ndi mulch kuchokera ku khungwa.
Maluwa amakonda kwambiri kupukuta. Kuti mababu asatayike pomwe bowo likukonzekera, ndibwino kuwapukuta thaulo lonyowa kapena kubisala m'bokosi lokhazikika. Mphukira zazing'ono zazikazi zimawopa kutentha kwambiri
Kuti muteteze mphukira zazing'ono, mababu obzalidwa amaphimbidwa ndi mabotolo apulasitiki okhala ndi mabotolo osema. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mabotolo okhala ndi makhoma akulu okhala ndi malita a 2-3.
Amabisala posamala kukongola kwachilendo
Kodi kusamalira maluwa? Kuti muchepetse kusamalidwa kwa maluwa, maluwa ambiri ayenera kutsatiridwa:
- Nyengo, kudyetsa mbewu ndi feteleza wovuta ndi phulusa pamlingo wa 50 magalamu pa mita imodzi. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika m'magawo atatu: kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pa siteji ya kuphukira kwa maluwa ndikatha maluwa. Zoyenera kuvala muzu wamasamba: ammonium nitrate (40 g pa 10 l), nitroammophosphate (50 g pa 10 l), yankho la thovu lolimba mu gawo la 1:10.
- Apatseni nthawi yake. Ngakhale kakombo sakonda chinyezi chambiri, makamaka masiku owuma amafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi. Kuthirira pansi pa muzu, kuyesera kuti musanyowetse masamba. Madontho amadzi omwe agwidwa mwangozi atha kukhala magalasi oyamba, amayambitsa kutentha kwa dzuwa.
- Mulching nthaka. Ndizowopsa kwambiri kuzomera zazambiri komanso kuchulukana kwa nthaka, komwe kumasokoneza mayendedwe achilengedwe. Izi zitha kupewedwa ndikuyika mulching nthaka ndi zida zachilengedwe zopepuka (udzu wosenda, udzu, utuchi).
- Kuyang'anira tizilombo. Zowopsa m'malo a mlengalenga ndizomera zam'madzi ndi chivwende chowuluka. Mutha kuthana ndi tizirombo pogwiritsa ntchito mphutsi ndi dzanja ndikumapopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi "Thunder", "Grizzly", "Fly -odya".
- Garter zimayambira. Mitundu yapamwamba yokhala ndi timitengo tating'onoting'ono siyenera kumangirizidwa ndi zogwirizira, potero popewa kuphwanya kwawo ndi kugona.
- Kuti ma wilores inflorescence atatha maluwa asawononge chithunzicho, ayenera kuchotsedwa munthawi yake. Mapiritsi amayenda kumapeto kwa nyengo.
- Nyengoyi ikakula, zimayambira mbewuzo zimafunika kudula ndi kuwotcha kuti nthawi yozizira sizigwira ntchito ngati kuzizira kwa babu.
- M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuphimba maluwa a m'munda okhala ndi pepala dothi, utuchi kapena nthambi zina zong'ambika. Ma hybrids aku Asia ndi LA okha safunika pogona.
Maluwa obzalidwa, kulekanitsa mababu a ana, zaka zitatu zilizonse, mwezi umodzi ndi theka atatulutsa maluwa. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, achulukana ndipo apeza mphamvu zambiri.
Maluwa obzalidwa, kulekanitsa mababu a ana, zaka zitatu zilizonse, mwezi umodzi ndi theka atatulutsa maluwa. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, achulukana ndipo apeza mphamvu zambiri
Mitundu yomwe ikukula pang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku Caucasus ndiyabwino kubzala kokha ngati zaka 5-6. Mitundu ya ku Asia ikhoza kuthandizidwa ngakhale chilimwe. Chachikulu ndikukumba mbewu ndi dothi la phula la pansi pamodzi ndi mtanda wa dziko, kusunga mizu.
Poika mababu, anawo amasiyanitsidwa ndi tsinde ndipo amawabzala m'mabedi kuti azikula. Mukangobzala, amawaza ndi kompositi kapena ndowe, kenako ndikupanga utoto wa masentimita 3-4. Mwa awa, mababu omwe ali ndi zitsulo zonse amapanga chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu.
Daylily - kakombo kwa aulesi
M'posadabwitsa kuti obereketsa oterewa amatcha "maluwa osagonja komanso osagwiritsa ntchito matenda" "aulesi." Ndipo kunena kuti duwa lokongola kwambiri, ndilofunika kwambiri, siligwira ntchito pamtengowu. Daylily amakula bwino panthaka iliyonse, akumakhala momasuka ndi dzuwa lowala komanso mthunzi wocheperapo.
"Achibale" awo oyandikira kwambiri - anyamatawa - sakhala otsika kukongola kumaluwa, koma mosiyana ndi kukongola mwachangu, ndiosavuta kusamalira.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira masana kumatenga nthawi yochepera komanso kuchita khama. Ndipo mbewu imayamba kusangalala ndi maluwa mchaka choyamba chodzala. Izi osatha amakonda nthaka osalowerera kapena pang'ono acidic. Amatha kumera panthaka zodzala, koma akuwonetsa kukongoletsa kwakukulu pazodzaza lozimu. Amalekerera kuthirira kosakhazikika, koma, monga maluwa, musalole kusayenda kwamadzi.
Zikuyenda bwino ndi zitsamba zokongoletsera komanso maluwa otulutsa maluwa, zimaphimba bwino kuchoka pang'onopang'ono kwa maluwa owoneka bwino
Daylilies imatha kukhala chokongoletsera chowoneka bwino cha dimba lililonse la maluwa.Ndikusankha koyenera kwa mitundu yokhala ndi nyengo yosiyana maluwa, masampu a masana sangakhale ovuta kutulutsa kwa nyengo yonse.
