Bule, maluwa okongola, omwe ndi maluwa osadukiza sakusowa kwenikweni pazenera lathu ndi m'minda yathu. Pakadali pano, duwa lokongola ili limadziwika kwambiri m'maiko ena, makamaka ku America. Chimakula ngati chomera, ngati dimba pachaka chodzaza ndi nyengo yabwino komanso osatha kumwera. Amakonda browllia yopanda nthawi yayitali komanso yayitali kwambiri (m'malo abwino mpaka miyezi 17 yotsatizana) yoyenda maluwa, ndipo zovuta ndizakuti chitsamba ndizovuta kuzisamalira kwa zaka zopitilira ziwiri. Kodi kusamalira wokongoletsa browllia?
Zoyambira komanso mawonekedwe a browllia
Brovallia ndi membala wa banja lalikulu la Solanaceae. Mbatata ndi tomato zimayenderana ndi duwa. Ndipo dziko lakwawo la mbewuzi ndilofala: onse ndi nzika zaku South America. Koma mosiyana ndi abale ake okoma komanso athanzi, a brovallia alibe phindu labwino kwambiri. Zimangosangalatsa zokongoletsa zokha. Kukongola kwa brovallia sikokopa ngati anthu ena okhala m'malo otentha. Uku si kuwombera kowala kwamitundu ndi maonekedwe, koma mawonekedwe osavuta koma osangalatsa. Chisomo cha brovallia chidzamvetsedwa kokha ndi cholumikizana chenicheni cha maluwa.
Kukongola kwa brovallia si kowala, koma kofatsa kwambiri
Kuthengo komanso m'munda, mphukira za browll zimatha kukula mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka. Pazomwe zili mchipinda, chitsamba sichidutsa masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Mitundu yosakanizidwa yosakanizika imamera pamalo otseguka - pamaluwa amaluwa kapena pazitsamba za alpine, komanso m'makongoletsedwe opangira zokongoletsera zopangira mizere ndi makhonde.
M'malo achilengedwe, brovallia ndi duwa lodziwika bwino lokhala ndi maluwa ophukira mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka
Brovallia ndi chomera cham'mera, chimakhala ndi mphukira zofowoka zomwe zimakwawa kapena zimayamba. Ang'ono (mpaka 5 cm) masamba owonda owumbika komanso osapindika pang'ono. Zimayambira zimakongoletsedwa kwambiri ndi maluwa omwe amapanga sinuses ndi nsonga. Mbale zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi zophatikizika pansi ndikukhotakhota pang'ono kwakumbuyo koyambira zimafanana ndi mpweya wabwino komanso thovu. Mitundu yawo imakhala yosiyanira ndi mtundu wakuda bii.
Maluwa a Browllia ali ofanana ndi ma violets, koma osanunkhira bwino konse
Brovallia ndi chomera chodzipukutira tokha. Zipatso zake zimawoneka ngati bokosi, nthangala zazing'ono zakuda zimabisala kumbuyo kwamapiko. Ndiosavuta kupeza kunyumba, koma kucha zipatso kumachotsa mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira maluwa.
Brovallia adatchulidwa polemekeza wolemba zachilengedwe Carl Linnaeus. D. Browall anali mtsogoleri wachipembedzo yemwe ankakonda maluwa komanso maluwa.
Brovallia si duwa lovuta kwambiri kulisamalira. Ngakhale sizabwino kwenikweni. Imafunikira kuthirira, nthawi yamoyo mchipindamo imafunikira chinyezi chachikulu. Kuphatikiza apo, chitsamba chiyenera kupangidwa kuti chikhale chokongoletsa. Chifukwa chamaluwa othamanga, chimatambasula mwachangu, chimataya kukopa ndikuphuka modzichepetsa kwambiri.
Brovallia ndikadali chomera chachilendo m'zipinda zathu, koma okonda amayamikira kale duwa losalala ili
Nthawi zambiri, maluwa omaliza atafota, chomera chimaponyedwa kunja ndipo chatsopano chimadzulidwa kuchokera kudulidwa kapena mbewu. Ndiyenera kunena, brovallia amaberekanso mosavuta. Mwa njira, limamasula bwino nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Pakulima kwa nyengo yozizira, ziyenera kufesedwa m'chilimwe, ndi chilimwe - kumapeto kwa dzinja. Kuwona malamulo ena, mutha kuyesa kukulitsa moyo wa browllia mutatha maluwa kwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri.
Pambuyo maluwa, mkati mwa browllia amasinthidwa, koma mutha kuyesa kusunga mbewu yakale
Mukamasamalira browllia, samalani: mmera umakhala woopsa. Valani magolovu musanayambe ntchito ndipo muzisamba m'manja mukamaliza. Ikani browllia patali pomwe ana ndi nyama.
Browllia wokongola ndi chomera chakupha, tsatirani malamulo otetezeka mukamagwira ntchito nacho.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya brovallia
Brovallia ndi mtundu wocheperako, uli ndi mitundu 6 yokha. Mu maluwa okongola, ndi theka lokha la iwo ndi mitundu yosakanizidwa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amasinthidwa bwino ndizomwe zili mchipindacho, amasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwa mitunduyo.
- Brovallia wokongola, kapena wokongola, wokondweretsa, ndiye mtundu wotchuka kwambiri pantchito zamaluwa zamaluwa. Kuthengo, yogawidwa ku Colombia ndi Peru. Zosiyanasiyana sizimakula kuposa masentimita 40. Mphukira zake zimamera bwino kwambiri ndikamadula. Masamba amathenso amphaso, masamba obiriwira, pafupifupi 6 cm. Maluwa mpaka 3 cm m'mimba mwake amatha kukhala amtambo, abuluu kapena violet okhala ndi malo owala. Maluwa ataliatali, chaka kapena kupitirira.
- American brovallia (kapena pubescent) imakhala yatsitsi kuposa mitundu ina. Chomera ichi ndichophuka ndipo chimamasuwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Ma inflorescence ndi ochepa (pafupifupi 2,5 cm) osakwatira, a violet kapena amtundu wakuda. Chitsamba cha kutalika kwa 60 cm chimakhala chomera kwambiri.
- Browllia yayikulu wokhala ndi maluwa amachokera ku Peru. Chitsamba chophukira chimafikira theka la mita, m'chilengedwe chimaphukira kuyambira nthawi yophukira. Ma inflorescence ndi akulu, mpaka mainchesi 5 cm, wotumbululuka buluu kapena oyera, wophatikizidwa ndi mabulashi otayirira.
- Sticky browllia - Peruvian,-kakulidwe pafupifupi 30 cm, chomera. Dzinali linaperekedwa ku tsinde lomata lomwe limakutidwa ndi tsitsi. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono, abuluu amdima wokhala ndi malo oyera kapena mtundu wa chipale, amapangika kwambiri. M'mundamo, maluwa amatuluka kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka chisanu. Kutulutsa nyumba mu Novembala.
- Alba ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomata ndi ma inflorescences oyera oyera ndi maso achikaso. Chomera chimasinthidwa bwino kuti chizisunga m'nyumba.
- Sapphire - mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi chitsamba (20 cm) komanso chipewa chamaluwa akuluakulu. Mtundu wawo umafanana ndi mwala womwe ulemu udatchulidwa. Ma inflorescence a buluu a buluu amakongoletsa browllia chaka chonse.
- Brovallia Blue Bell - wamakono, wodziletsa kuposa mitundu yoyambirira, wosakanizidwa. Tchire loyambira limafika masentimita 35. Mphukira zimapangidwa miyezi 3 mutabzala. Maluwa ali pafupifupi masentimita atatu, amapaka utoto wamtambo wamtambo wakuda ndipo amapangira maburashi kumapeto kwa mphukira kapena m'machisa.
- Brovallia Marina Bell ndi wosakanizidwa wophatikiza. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono (2 cm) a buluu wamtambo wozama kwambiri, miyezi iwiri atabzala.
- Brovallia Silver Bell ndi wosakanizidwa. Masamba ndi obiriwira obiriwira, okhazikika kuposa mitundu ina. Maluwa ooneka ngati nyenyezi yamaso asanu (mainchesi 3 cm) ndi oyera ngati chipale.
Brovallia ndi wokongola, waku America, womata komanso mitundu pachithunzichi
- Brovallia Siliva Bell: Maluwa ngati nyenyezi zoyera ngati chipale
- Brovallia Sapphire - maluwa akuluakulu pachitsamba yaying'ono
- Brovallia Marina Bell wokhala ndi maluwa a buluu-violet
- Mpanda wa inflorescence yayitali kwambiri wokhala ndi masentimita 5
- Pamaziko okongola a brovallya mitundu yatsopano imawerengedwa
- Stoke browllia imakhala ndi ubweya wambiri komanso maluwa yaying'ono
- Brovallia Blue Bell - maluwa odzaza ndi ophatikizika
- American brovallia imasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali yosankhidwa
- Alba ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mkati.
Zovuta za browllia (tebulo)
| Nyengo | Kuwala | Chinyezi | Kutentha |
| Kasupe | Zabwino koma zabalalika. Dzuwa lochepa pang'ono lidzakhala lothandiza pa duwa. Mayendedwe akumadzulo ndi kummawa ndi oyenera kuyika brovulia. Kumbali yakumwera patsiku ladzuwa muyenera kumeretsa mbewu. Kumpoto, mwina sipangakhale kuwala kokwanira kukula ndi maluwa. | Okwezeka pang'ono, 60-70%.
| Zapakati, pafupifupi 18-20. Brovallia sakonda kutentha mwadzidzidzi; musayike chomera pafupi ndi zenera lotseguka. |
| Chilimwe | Browllia amatha nthawi yachilimwe pa khonde kapena m'munda. Tetezani duwa ku mphepo ndi dzuwa lotentha. Kuwala kwambiri kumatha kuyambitsa masamba. | Zapakati, mpaka madigiri 25. Tetezani ku kutentha. Mpweya wabwino umathandizira kuyendetsa maluwa. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kutentha, mbewuyo imatha kuzimiririka. | |
| Wagwa | Kuwala ndi chowala chowala ndi maora ochepa owala dzuwa. Mukamachepetsa masana masana, perekani magetsi oyaka ndi ma phytolamp. Kupanda kutero, brovallia sikhala pachimake. | Zapakatikati kapena zokwezeka. Malo otentha kwambiri m'chipindacho, kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala. Osayika chomera pafupi ndi zida zamagetsi. Pukuta ngati pakufunika. | Zapakati, pafupifupi + 18-20 madigiri. Pendekerani kutentha pang'onopang'ono. |
| Zima | Kuzizira, kotheka + madigiri 16-18. Kuzizira ndikothandiza pakusintha masamba. Pamatenthedwe okwera komanso kusowa kwa kuwala, mphukira imatha kutambalala ndikuchepera. |
Zokhudza ikamatera ndi kupatsirana
Browllia sichichokerana. Nthawi zambiri imamera nthawi imodzi, ndipo maluwa omaliza atafota, amatumizidwa ku zinyalala. Koma kukulira, alimi a maluwa akuyesera kukulitsa moyo wa mbewuyo, mpaka zaka 2-3. Ndipo izi, isanayambike maluwa atsopano, browllia imasinthidwa ndikusungidwa kwa dziko lapansi mu mphika watsopano.
Browllia adakonzedwanso munthaka kuti atalikitse moyo wake
Chomera sichili chachikulu, kotero kuchuluka kwa mphikawo sikuyenera kupitilira theka ndi malita awiri. Kutalika kotsika sikoyenera browllia, ndikwabwino kuti musankhe yayitali kuti itsanulitse danga lalikulu. Chinyontho chowonjezera chidzatetezedwa ku mizu ya browllia ndi dongo lokulitsidwa, zinyalala za njerwa kapena dongo, vermiculite, perlite, ndi polystyrene woponderezedwa.
Dziko lapansi limafunikira chitsamba chobiriwira nthawi zonse kuti chikhale ndi chonde, mpweya, komanso chinyontho. Mutha kubzala browllia m'dothi lanyumba panu, ndikuwonjezera makala ndi mchenga pang'ono. Nayi nyimbo zina zomwe duwa limakonda:
- nthaka yaconde chimodzimodzi ndi manyowa + pang'ono vermiculite ndi makala;
- Magawo awiri a dongo louma la sod, gawo limodzi la humus, peat ndi mchenga wowuma;
- Magawo awiri a kompositi yozungulira (humus), gawo limodzi - pepala lapansi, mchenga (vermiculite);
- magawo ofanana, dziko ndi turf ndi tsamba, humus ndi perlite.
Mphukira za Brovallia sizimakutidwa ndi makungwa, ndizofowoka. Ndipo ndizovuta kwa iwo kugwirizira maluwa, pansi pa kulemera kwawo, nthambi zingathe kugwa. Ngati mukukula chitsamba, osati chomera chokulirapo, mukadzala, ikani chothandizira ku zimayambira mumphika ndikuwamanga.
Kuti browllia aziwoneka bwino, mutha kuyikapo chithandizo chake
Transshipment ya browaglia
- Tengani chidebe choyenera ndi mabowo, ikani ngalande pansi. Chilichonse chiyenera kukhala chosatulutsa - chovunda kapena chotsukidwa ndi madzi otentha.
- Fotokozerani dothi losawilitsidwa pamwamba. Osamachulukitsa mwamphamvu;
- Chotsani browllia mumphika wakale.
- Yenderani mizu. Chotsani zofewa, zakuda, komanso mizu youma.
- Yesetsani kuti musawononge mizu yathanzi, osawadulira.
- Ikani mpira wadothi ndi browllia mumphika watsopano. Onjezani dothi.
- Pendekerani gawo lapansi mopepuka pamizu. Chomera chimakonda dothi lotayirira.
- Mutathira, dulira zitsamba kwambiri, ngati sizinachitike kale, tsanulirani maluwawo ndi madzi ofunda, ufefe.
- Ikani chovundidwacho pamalo osatha.
Osangokhala ndikufalikira. Yembekezerani mpaka maluwa atha, apo ayi mutha kukhala pachiwopsezo chongotaya masamba, koma chomera chonse. Alibe mphamvu zokwanira pa nthawi yomweyo kuti akutulutsa maluwa komanso kuzisintha pambuyo podzipaka.
Osasilira chitsamba chotumphukira cha brovallia
Chisamaliro
Brovallia siivuta kuisamalira. Muyenera kungokumbukira kuti mbewu ikuwopa kutentha kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha, salola kuuma kuchokera panthaka, imafunikira zakudya zowonjezera komanso mapangidwe pafupipafupi. Ndipo nthawi zambiri pachimake pachimake sikuchitika. Ndikofunika kumuthandiza kuti aulule uthenga wokhudzana ndi chibadwa chake.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Ziribe kanthu komwe browllia imamera: pabedi lamaluwa la m'munda, chidebe cha khonde kapena mumphika pawindo - boma lotungira madzi liyenera kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi chikhala chinyezi nthawi zonse. Ngati madzi osakwanira ndipo nthaka yake yakula, chomera chofewa sichingabwezeretse mphamvu. Komabe, kuthirira kwambiri ndizowopsa, kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndi zimayambira.
Kwa ma browlls omata, kutsirira ochepa kumakhala kothandiza. Chifukwa chake mizu imatenga chinyezi chambiri monga amafunikira. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ofewa komanso ofunda pang'ono, osazizira kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya.
Pa maluwa, nthawi zonse dyetsani browllia ndi feteleza wa mchere
Kuti maluwa ataliatali komanso olemera a brovale, zakudya ndizofunikira, ziwonjezerani ndi madzi kuthirira. Mosasamala nthawi yanji chaka, dyetsani chitsamba chamaluwa ndi ma mineral complex kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri. Monga gawo la feteleza ayenera kukhala potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Zinthu izi zimathandizira kutulutsa maluwa.
Nthawi ya maluwa
Brovallia safuna kukakamizidwa kuti achite maluwa, adapangidwa ndi chilengedwe chomwe. Koma maluwa amatha ndipo ayenera kuthandizidwa: dzalani chomera mumphika wopanikizika, kudyetsa ndi mitundu yapadera ya mchere, onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa maluwa.
Pafupipafupi sakhala ndi mavuto a maluwa.
Komabe, sizichitika kawirikawiri kuti masamba sawonekera pama browlls. Zomwe zimalepheretsa ndiz zolakwika zamaluwa:
- mbewuyo imamera mizu, chifukwa yabzalidwa mumphika wambiri;
- duwa silikhala ndi manyowa, kapena pali nayitrogeni wambiri pakuvala, ndipo amalimbikitsa kukula kwa masamba;
- ngati maluwa atha kukhala nthawi yozizira, mwina palibe kuwala kokwanira;
- Zomera zosokota sizichotsedwa, ngati browia adayamba kubzala mbewu, maluwa atafooka kapena kuyimilira kwathunthu.
Ngati mukufuna kutenga mbewu kuchokera pambewu yanu kuti mumaluke kwambiri, ingosiyani bokosi limodzi lokha pachomera chilichonse. Izi zimakhudza pang'ono maluwa. Ndipo zokolola zidzakukwanire. Mbewu za browllium ndizochepa kwambiri, ndipo sizisungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Zomera zakubadwa zaka 2 zimabala masamba ochepa
Mavuto amaluwa amatha kuchitika pakati pazomera zazikulu. Chitsamba chachikulu kuposa zaka 2 chimatulutsa maluwa ambiri, ndipo mitengoyo imatha kuzimiririka. Pakadali pano, amangotsala pamalowo pokhazikitsa chatsopano pambewu kapena zodulidwa.
Kuumba ndikupanga mphamvu
Kusintha ndi gawo lofunikira posamalira browllia. Malekezero a mphukira kuyambira paubwana amayamba kutsina kuti chitsamba chinaphukira masamba. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyeretsa nthawi zonse: kuchotsa masamba owuma ndi zimayambira zomwe zimasokoneza kukula, ndi maluwa opuwala. Njirayi imakulitsa nthawi yamaluwa.
Kuyeretsa kwakanthawi kwamaluwa osiyidwa ndi masamba owuma kumakulitsa mphamvu ya chomera
Ndipo kudulira kwambiri kungapulumutse moyo wa browllia. Pakatha pafupifupi zaka ziwiri maluwa atayamba kugwira ntchito, mbewuyo imakhala yotopa "ndikupuma." Koma browllia ilibe nthawi yopuma. Ndiye kuti, mbewu yomwe yapatsa mphamvu maluwa kuti imere - imachepetsa kukula ndipo pamapeto, imafa. Koma zitha kupangidwanso. Kuti muchite izi, sinthani dothi kukhala dothi latsopano ndikudula zimayambira pafupifupi zero, ndikusiya masentimita 10-15. Pambuyo pake, idyani ndi feteleza ndi nayitrogeni, utsi, madzi, osalola dothi kuti liume. Ndipo dikirani kuti browllia apezenso mphamvu.
Zolakwika posamalira ndi kukonza kwawo (tebulo)
| Kuwonetsera | Chifukwa | Kuthetsa |
| Masamba amasiya kutanuka, kuzimiririka. |
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| Mbewuyo ndi yayitali, mphukira zake ndi zopyapyala, masamba ndi otumbululuka. | Kupanda kuyatsa. | Patsani mbewuyo ndi kuwala kowala, kosalala. M'nyengo yozizira, onjezerani kuwala kwa masana, LED, nyali za fluorescent kapena phytolamp ndizoyenera. |
| Mawanga achikasu pamasamba. | Zowotcha kuchokera ku dzuwa. | Tengani browllia kutali ndi zenera. Mthunzi kuchokera ku dzuwa lotentha. |
| Brovallia sakufuna kuphuka, kapena maluwa ochepa. | Simungagwirizane ndi mikhalidwe yomangidwa ndi malamulo osamala. | Maluwa: kuwala kambiri + kudulira usanakule + feteleza ndi phosphorous + ndi potaziyamu + mphika wopanikizika + kuchotsedwa kwa inflorescences kosafunikira. Maluwa osauka amapereka mbewu zokulirapo, zakale. |
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta browllia: njira zoyeserera ndi kupewa (tebulo)
| Kodi zikuwonetsedwa bwanji? | Matenda kapena tizilombo | Zoyenera kuchita | Njira zopewera |
| Utsi, ngati ufa, umawoneka pamasamba, zimayambira ndi maluwa. Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mbeu zafuna. | Powdery Mildew | Chotsani masamba ndi maluwa omwe anakhudzidwa. Thirani mbewuyo ndi njira ya Topaz kapena ayodini (1 ml pa 350 ml ya madzi). | Kudula kwamadzi ndi dothi ndi chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Mphepo yamkuntho imathandizira chitukuko chawo. Kuti mupewe matenda, sinthani kuthirira ndikulowereranso m'chipindacho. Gawani mbewu zatsopano. |
| Chomera chimataya mamvekedwe, chimafota, koma dothi lonyowa. | Zovunda. |
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| Malo owola akuda amawonekera pamasamba ndi zimayambira, nthawi zambiri pansipa. | Tsinde zowola. | Ngati kuvunda kwangokhudza chomera, mutha kuyesa kuyisunga. Muzu wathanzi apical odulidwa. Yenderani mizu, ngati ili ndi thanzi, ndipo thunthupo silikukhudzidwa ndi dothi lenileni, mutha kudulira. Finyani kudula ndi makala kapena sulufule. Patulani zomwe zimatsala mumphika ndi njira yotsatsira ndikutchira ndi chikwama. Mphukira zimatha kudzuka pachitsa. Ndi chotupa chachikulu, mmera uyenera kutayidwa ndikuchizidwa ndi fungus ya oyandikana nawo. | |
| Masamba ndi zotanuka, koma wotumbululuka ndi wachikasu. | Chlorosis | Madzi ndi kutsitsi ndi ferrovit, chelate chachitsulo (antichlorosine) kufikira timapepala taumoyo titatuluka. Ndikofunika kuphatikizira dothi latsopano. | Chonde chomera pang'ono, madzi okha ndi madzi a demineralized (okhazikika). |
| Masamba amaphimbidwa ndi mawanga achikasu ndi madontho, nthawi zina tsamba loyera limadziwika. Chitsamba chikufa. | Kugonjetsedwa ndi kangaude. | Spray browllia ndi mankhwala apha tizilombo, phytoferm, actellik, derris. | Onaninso mbewuzo pafupipafupi kuti muwone zoyamba za matenda atizilombo ndikuchitapo kanthu pa nthawi yake. Patulani chomera nthawi zonse. Phatikizani mpweya komanso mpweya wabwino, akangaude ena ndi tizirombo tina timakhala m'zipinda zouma komanso zokutira. |
| Masamba amasowa, mphutsi zobiriwira pansi pamtunda, komanso tizilombo tambiri touluka. | Whitefly kuukira. |
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| Brovallia samakula bwino, masamba amatuluka ngakhale atathirira. Pali zopota zazing'ono zooneka bwino, zofanana ndi ubweya wa thonje, komanso zokutira zomata. | Mealybug akuukira. | Patulani maluwa omwe ali ndi kachilombo, nyongolotsi imasunthira mbewu zina mosavuta. Chotsani tizirombo ndi dzanja. Pambuyo pake, sansani kapena muzitsuka ndi sopo wothira sopo (20 magalamu a sopo ochapira ndi 20 ml ya mowa pa lita imodzi ya madzi otentha). Ngati chotupa chikhale chachikulu, gwiritsani ntchito Fufanon, Actara kapena Actellik ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. |
Kuswana
Browlls zatsopano zimatha kudulidwa kuchokera kudulidwe ndi mbewu. Kubalana kumachitika chaka chonse, poganizira nthawi yomwe mukufuna kutulutsa maluwa. Mwachitsanzo, zofesedwa mu August browlls zimaphukira nthawi yozizira. Ndipo kuti maluwawo akhale mu Juni, kubzala mbewu kapena kudula mbewu mu February.
Mbewu
Ogulitsa maluwa nthawi zambiri amadandaula kuti mbewu za browllium zimamera bwino. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mbewu za mbewuyi zimakhala ndi moyo waufupi. Ali okonzeka kukula nthawi yomweyo atakhwima ndikupereka 100% kumera. Ndipo atagona kwa chaka chokha, opitilira theka amalephera kuchita. Chifukwa chake ndibwino kukula bulowllia kuchokera kumbewu zatsopano. Onani njira ziwiri zomwe amafesa.
1 gramu ili ndi 5,000 5,000 browllium.
Njira yachikhalidwe
- Zilowani njere kwa maola awiri mu njira yothandizira (madontho awiri a zircon pagalasi lamadzi ofunda)
- Konzani wowonjezera kutentha, kutsanulira chisakanizo cha dothi lochekerako (peat ndi mchenga kapena perlite) mmenemo.
- Gawani mbewuzo pamtunda, osafunikira kuphimbidwa ndi gawo lapansi.
- Moisten kutsitsi mbewu.
- Valani wowonjezera kutentha ndi chivindikiro (galasi kapena filimu).
- Ikani pamalo otentha (+ 20-25 madigiri) ndi malo owala.
- Pulirani mbewu tsiku lililonse ndikumachotseka, nyowetsani ngati kuli kofunikira.
- Nthawi zambiri masabata 2-3 amafunikira kuti mbewu za browllia zitheke.
- Zikamera zikapatsa masamba awiri enieni, ndikazulani mbande mumiphika, zidutswa 4 chilichonse. Chifukwa chake chitsamba chidzakhala chowongola kwambiri.
Kubzala pa peat piritsi
- Osakonza njere.
- Zilowetsani mapiritsi a peat m'madzi ndi zircon, ndiye pofinyula chinyezi chambiri.
- Fotokozerani nyemba zanu pamapiritsi atatu.
Ikani mbewu zitatu piritsi lililonse
- Ikani mapiritsiwo mu chidebe chowonekera (wowonjezera kutentha), chivundikirani ndi kanema kapena chivindikiro.
Mapiritsi ambewu amaikidwa mu chidebe chowonekera ndi chivindikiro.
- Ikani wowonjezera kutentha pamalo otentha (+ 20-25) ndi malo owunikira kwambiri.
Kumera kumafunika kuwala komanso kutentha
- Mizu yake ikamera ndipo mbande zikamera, pangani pang'onopang'ono pakabowo ndikuchichotsa, kutembenukira mkati. Kotero mumasunga mizu yake.
Kudula m'mphepete mwa mapiritsi, mutha kutenga mmera mosavuta
- Ikani mbande mumikapu kapena miphika yaying'ono ya zitatu.
Mbande zimabzala atatu mumiphika
- Zomera zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimaphukira patatha miyezi 3-4 mutabzala.
Pakatha miyezi 3-4, izi mbande za browia zimaphuka
Akatswiri a maluwa amaonera kuti maluwa amtundu wamtambo ndi akhungu amayamba msanga. Ndipo mbewu zokhala ndi maluwa oyera pang'onopang'ono zimayamba kuphuka.
Kudula
Kudula kwa browlls kumachitika chaka chonse. Koma pofuna kubereka ndikofunikira kugwiritsira ntchito mphukira zopanda maluwa zokha pomwe pakalibe masamba.
- Dulani apulo odulidwa 10-12 cm.
- Yeretsani gawo lakumunsi kuchokera masamba, phatikizani gawo lake kwa mphindi zochepa mu njira yothandizira (epin, zircon, rootin).
- Mu chidebe chachikulu kapena makapu amodzi payokha wokhala ndi 50-100 g, kutsanulira gawo losalala la mchenga ndi peat, inyowetsani.
- Pangani kuzama kwa masentimita 3-4 ndi pensulo. Yang'anani mtunda kuti zodulira zisakhudze.
- Ikani zodulidwazo m'malo opumirako ndikunyunthira dothi mozungulira osasiya voids.
- Pukutani mbande, mutha kuwonjezera chowonjezera kumadzi.
- Valani wowonjezera kutentha ndi filimu kapena chivindikiro, ndi makapu ndi matumba.
- Ikani yowala, koma yopanda malo achindunji. Sungani kutentha kwa madigiri 20 mpaka 22.
- Ventilate ndikumunyowetsa nkhokwe nthawi zonse.
- Pakakhala zizindikiro za mizu - masamba atsopano, dzalani mbewu zing'onozing'ono mumiphika yosavuta, 3-4aduladula, komanso dothi labwino.
Maonekedwe a masamba atsopano - chizindikiro cha kumuika
- Tsinani nsonga za mbande kuti masamba oyambira ayambe kukula.
Browllia kudula kumatulutsa mwachangu kwambiri
Chowonjezera chachilengedwe chokomera zachilengedwe chikhoza kukonzedwa palokha kuchokera ku mphukira zazing'ono. Ayenera kuduladula mainchesi 5. Ndodo izi zimayikidwa molunjika mumtsuko wamadzi. Onetsetsani kuti mwatsata njira yakukula - pamwamba, pansi. The kulowetsedwa zakonzedwa tsiku. Zicheka zimayikidwa mu chosangalatsa chopezeka kwa msondodzi kwa maola 6-12.
Vidiyo: momwe mungabzalire mbewu zamaluwa
Browllia wokongola, ngati Cinderella pa maluwa opaka bwino komanso okongola, amawonekera kwakanthawi kochepa, koma zimadabwitsa mwachangu komanso mokoma mtima komanso chisomo. Ndiwogwira ntchito molimbika, amatha kuphulika kwa chaka chathunthu osapuma. Izi zimafuna mphamvu yayikulu, chifukwa chake sizodabwitsa kuti mutatha maluwa, mbewuyo imafooka ndipo imatha kufa. Wodzilemba maluwa ali ndi mwayi wosunga moyo mu maluwa akale kapena kukulitsa wina watsopano mwa kudula mizu kapena kufesa mbewu. Aliyense amene anakumana ndi wachibale wamanyazi samuiwala.
