Copper sulfate - chida chophweka komanso chothandiza pothana ndi matenda a mpesa

Tchire la mphesa, monga anthu ena okhala m'minda ya zipatso ndi minda yamasamba, amafunikira chisamaliro choyenera. M'makampani opanga zida zamankhwala, pali mankhwala mazana ambiri omwe amasintha kukula ndikuletsa matenda a chomera. Komabe, kuti mukhale ndi thanzi la mipesa, mutha kuchita ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo - mkuwa wa sulfate.

Kodi ndizotheka kupopera mphesa ndi sulfate yamkuwa

Musanagwiritse ntchito chilichonse, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo ndi yotetezeka. Chifukwa chake, poyambira, taganizirani chomwe mkuwa wamkuwa ndi momwe umakhudzira mtengo.

Osasokoneza mkuwa ndi chitsulo sulfate! Muli zinthu zosiyanasiyana zofunika kufufuza.

Kumanzere kuli makhiristo a sulfate achitsulo, omwe amathandiza kulimbana ndi ma lichens ndi moss, ndipo kumanja kuli mkuwa, womwe umateteza mphesa ku mpunga ndi oidium

Gome: Zoyerekeza zamkuwa zamkuwa ndi sulfate yazitsulo

Kuphatikizika kwa sulfate yamkuwa kumaphatikizapo mchere wa sulfure acid, womwe umawononga nkhanambo, zowola, wowona zitsamba, ndi mkuwa, womwe ndi feteleza wazomera monga chitsulo, magnesium, chromium ndi zinthu zina zokutsatira. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo ndi mkuwa sulfate ndikofunikira kuti chitukuko cha mphesa chikhale. Komabe, musaiwale kuti kudya mokwanira kumakhala koopsa ngati kusowa. Kuphatikiza apo, sulfate yamkuwa imawotcha achinyamata mphukira ndi masamba, zomwe zimawatsogolera kuti afe. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zilizonse, njira yanzeru ndiyofunikira - iyi ndiyo njira yopambana.

Mmenemo mumakhala mphesa zamkuwa

Mu horticulture ndi viticulture, mankhwala a sulphate amkuwa amachitika pofuna kuthana ndi matenda komanso kuvala pamwamba. Kutengera cholinga chomwe mwasankha, nthawi yothira mankhwalawa imakhazikitsidwa ndikuti mankhwalawa amasankhidwa.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Copper sulfate, ngati feteleza wina wamchere, ndioyenera kudyetsa mphesa pamchenga wosauka ndi ma peat bogs, koma osati chernozem. Copper imakhudzidwa ndi photosynthesis ndikuwonjezera kukana kwa matenda a fungus. Kuwonongeka kwa mpesa chifukwa cha matenda ndi vuto la kuperewera kwa zakudya, kuphatikizapo kuperewera kwa mkuwa. Chizindikiro chakuti mbewuyo ilibe izi ndiye kusakula bwino kwa mphukira ndi kuyera kwa nsonga za masamba. Pazovala zapamwamba, zomwe zimapangidwa pamasamba musanafike maluwa, gwiritsani ntchito mlingo wotsatirawu: 2-5 g zamkuwa zamkuwa mu 10 l madzi.

Kuperewera kwa mkuwa m'm mphesa kumawonekera mwa kuyera kwa timiyala ta masamba, nthawi zambiri pamiyala ya peaty ndi mchenga

Mkuwa wambiri pamtunda suyenera kuloledwa: motero, kukula kwa chitsamba cha mpesa sikungalephereke. Chifukwa chake, ngati mvula ibwera pambuyo pa chithandizo ndi mkuwa sulphate, ndikuthekanso kupopera osati kale kuposa mwezi.

Chithandizo cha Fungal matenda

Monga fungosis, sulfate yamkuwa imathandiza kupewa:

• zipsera
• mawanga a bulauni
• mawanga oyera
• ufa wowuma.

Komanso, chifukwa chakuti m'dziko losungunuka, mkuwa umakhala ndi asidi, mankhwalawa amaletsa kukula kwa mycoses.

Kuti musunge filimu yoteteza pa mpesa mutapopera mbewu, onjezani zomatira pazothetsera. Itha kukhala:

• sopo wochapira wamadzi
• kuchapa ufa
• skim mkaka.

Zokwanira 100 g zinthu pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi. Zotsatira zake, mankhwalawa amakhalabe pamalowo, samatsukidwa ndi mvula mwadzidzidzi.

Popeza kuphatikiza komwe sikulowa munthambi, njira zapadera ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazithandizo zamankhwala: Ridomil Gold, Strobi, Cabrio Top kapena kukonzekera komweko.

Njira yothetsera mkuwa sulfate mu ndende ya 1-3% imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwowetsa mbande musanabzike. Chithandizo choterocho chimathandiza kupewa matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi.

Kuthira mbande za mphesa musanabzalire yankho la mkuwa wa sodium mu 1-3% kumathandiza kupewa matenda oyamba ndi fungus

Kodi nthawi yabwino kukonza munda wamphesa

Nthawi yothira mphesa ndi sulfate yamkuwa imatengera momwe njirayi ili. Pali mitundu itatu yamankhwala:

• Yophukira - chachikulu, cha kuwonongeka kwa mabakiteriya ndi bowa;
• kasupe - owonjezera, chifukwa cha kupha matenda ndi kupewa matenda;
• chilimwe - othandizira, kupondereza zochita za tizirombo.

Kutengera izi, zitha kutsimikizirika kuti chithandizo cha mitengo ya mpesa m'dzinja yokhala ndi sulfate yamapiri ndiyabwino, koma kufunika kwa kuphuka kwa masika ndi mwayi wamayendedwe a chilimwe sikungathetsedwe. Tiyeni tiwalingalire mwatsatanetsatane.

Kukonza mphesa ndi sulfure wamkuwa mu nthawi yophukira

Ndondomeko ikuchitika mutakolola ndikugwa kwathunthu masamba. Kutengera ndi dera, izi zitha kukhala zoyambira kapena kutha kwa Novembala. Chachikulu ndichakuti chitsamba chakonzedwa kale nthawi yachisanu. Poterepa, kuthira mankhwalawo m'm masamba akugwa sikumakhalanso wowopsa; chinthu chachikulu ndikuthilira mpesa kwathunthu ndikuteteza mbewu kuti isatenge matenda. Asanapangidwe, mpesa umamangiriridwa m'mphepete mwa trellis.

Mukakonza mphesa zamtundu wa mkuwa sulphate mu nthawi yophukira, mpesayo uyenera kulungidwa

Musanachite njirayi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa ndikuwotcha nthambi zowonongeka ndi masamba okugwa. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kutenga kachilomboka pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kukonzedwa kumachitika motere:

1. 100 g yamkuwa sulfate imasungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre (50 ° C) mu chidebe chagalasi. Mbale kapena zopanda mbale sizigwira ntchito - mankhwalawa amatha kuthana ndi kuwononga zitsulo ndi enamel.
2. Sakanizani bwino, bweretsani yankho ku 10 l ndikuthira mu akasinja osakira. Mukatsanulira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta, chifukwa tinthu tambiri timene timapezeka mu mkuwa wathunthu sitingasungunuke.
3. Mphesa zimapopera, kuyesa kupeza yankho pa mpesa wonse.

Kanema: Vine kukonza mu vitriol mu yophukira

Kufufuza mphesa zamkuwa ndi mkuwa wa sulfure mu masika

Pofuna kuti tisawotche amadyera amchere, njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa masamba asanatseguke. Mutha kuyamba kukonzanso pokhapokha kutentha kutentha osachepera +5 ° C. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chofunikira, popeza mkuwa umathandizira kuti kuzizira kwa mbewu kuzikhazikike, zomwe zimasokoneza masamba, masamba achichepere omwe angathe kutulutsa masika.

Ndondomeko ndi motere:

1. Mipesa imamasulidwa ku malo ogona nthawi yachisanu ndikukula pamwamba pa nthaka, yotetezedwa kuti ipukute.
2. Pambuyo masiku 1-2, yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate limakonzedwa pamlingo wa 100 g pa 10 l yamadzi chimodzimodzi ndi kukonza kwa yophukira.
3. Pendani mpesa kuchokera kumbali zonse.

Kanema: Mankhwala a mpesa ndi vitriol masika

Kugwiritsa ntchito mphesa ndi vitriol buluu chilimwe

Chithandizo cha chilimwe chimachitika kwambiri: kuti musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala amphamvu ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda zapezeka. Pakupopera, njira zosafunikira ziyenera kukonzekera - 0,5%, ndi zina zambiri za mpesa motsutsana ndi lichens ndi oidium - 3%.

Mlingo wamkuwa wa sulfate pazithandizo zosiyanasiyana

Popeza mkuwa wowonjezereka ndiowopsa kwa mbewu, mankhwala osankhidwa bwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana:

• 0,5% - 50 g pa 10 l yamadzi othandizira mwadzidzidzi masamba obiriwira;
• 1% - 100 g pa 10 l amadzi a mankhwalawa;
• 3% - 30 g pa lita imodzi yamadzi kuthana ndi nkhanambo;
• 5% - 50 g pa lita imodzi yamadzi - yophukira kukonzekera kwa tchire zamphamvu zamphamvu.

Chithandizo chachikulu cha minda yamphesa ndi Bordeaux madzi (kuphatikiza kwa mkuwa wa sulfate ndi laimu mu chiyerekezo cha 1: 1). Poterepa, mkuwa wamkuwa wa sulfate ukhoza kuwonjezeka mpaka 10%. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti osakaniza akukhalabe panthambi, onjezani 50 g pa lita imodzi ya sopo yochapira (kapena muikeni ndi kusungunuka ndi madzi) mu yankho. Ndikofunikira kukonza mpaka nthambi zitanyowa. Anthu akuti adzakhala:

• pafupifupi malita 1.5-2 pachikwati chilichonse (nthambi yotchedwa osatha) ya sing'anga,
• 3.5-4 malita pachitsamba chachikulu chilichonse chophukidwa bwino.

Kanema: malamulo okonza Bordeaux madzi

Dongosolo lokonzekera yankho:

1. Konzani zotengera zagalasi kuti musanganize.
2. Mu 5 l lamadzi ofunda onjezerani mkuwa wa sulfate ndi kusakaniza mpaka utasungunuka kwathunthu:
   • 100 g pokonza yankho la 1%;
   • 300 g pokonza yankho la 3%.
3. Phatikizani laimu woyambirira mu lita imodzi ya madzi ofunda, kenako mubweretse yankho la malita 5:
   • 100-150 g yokonza yankho la 1%;
   • 300-400 g pokonza njira yachitatu.
4. Onjezani sopo kapena zomatira ku mkaka wa laimu.
5. Sakanizani mayankho onse awiri: kutsanulira vitriol wosungunuka mu mkaka wa laimu.
6. Muziganiza bwino, kupewa kupangika kwa thovu ndi utsi.
7. Zomwe zimapangidwira ziyenera kusefedwa kudzera mu fyuluta. Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi yomweyo;

Malamulo a chitetezo pakugwira ntchito ndi mkuwa wa sulfate

Mukamakonza mipesa ya Bordeaux yamadzimadzi, njira zoteteza ziyenera kuonedwa

Kupindulitsa mpesa ndikuvulaza thanzi lanu, malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa popanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate kapena madzi a Bordeaux:

• Tetezani khungu kuti lisatengere - valani zovala zotsekedwa, nsapato ndi chigoba;
• osawonjezera zosakaniza zina ku yankho, kupatula sulfate yamkuwa, laimu ndi sopo;
• sansani mundawo madzulo kapena m'mawa kwambiri - kotero madonthowo amakhala nthawi yayitali panthambi ndipo osatulutsa dzuwa;
• gwira nyengo yofunda. Panyengo yamvula, sipanganyengeke, ndipo mphepoyo imaletsa kugwiritsanso ntchito mankhwalawo ku mpesa;
• utsi osati chitsamba chokha, komanso chithandizo chomwe wamangiracho, chifukwa chitha kukhala chonyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi matenda a fungus.

Ngati mukuyenera kugwira ntchito yochitira chilimwe, izi siziyenera kuchitika pasanathe mwezi umodzi kututa kusanachitike. Monga gawo la sulfate yamkuwa, mumakhala mchere wa sulfuric acid, womwe ukamwetsa, umayambitsa poizoni.

Popeza kuyimitsidwa kwa mandimu kumakhala pansi pa mbale, yankho lake liyenera kusakanikirana pakumapopera, apo ayi madzi oyamba agwera pachitsamba, kenako kukonzekera kwambiri.

Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti dothi lonse la mpesalo limathirira, pomwe kuthilira dothi pansi pa chitsamba sikuyenera kuloledwa. Mutha kungophimba pansi ndi filimu, koma ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopopera zotsalazo - buku la pampu kapena zida zamagetsi.

Ndondomeko (mosasamala nthawi yakonzedwe) ndi motere:

1. Choyamba chitani izi pamwamba pa chitsamba.
2. Kenako utsi wapakati.
3. Gawo lotsatira ndikugwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa m'manja ndi m'mbale.
4. Mapeto ake, thandizo limathiriridwa.

Pakamwa pa ziwiyazi muziyenera kuzisungitsa patali pafupifupi 10-20 cm kuchokera kunthambi, ndipo ndegeyo iziyendetsedwa pansi.

Buku lopopera mankhwalawo ndilothandiza pokonzekerera tchire la mpesa, pomwe sprayer yamagetsi ndi yothandiza m'munda wamphesa waukulu

Copper sulfate ndi mankhwala othandiza kuphatikiza michere komanso kupewa matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Komabe, kuzigwiritsa ntchito pokongoletsa munda wamphesawo, musanyalanyaze malamulowo, ndiye kuti mbewu zanu zithandizira chisamaliro chabwino!