Matenda ndi tizirombo pa raspberries: Zizindikiro zowonongeka, chithandizo ndi kupewa

Zipatso zokoma za rasipiberi zimakondedwa ndi ana ndi akulu. Koma kukulira chitsamba ichi, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo, chifukwa chomwe gawo lalikulu la mbewu limatayika, ndipo nthawi zina mbewu yonseyi imafa. Kodi ndi chiani chomwe chikuwopseza rasipiberi m'malo mwathu ndi momwe angachitetezere?

Matenda a rasipiberi

Ma rasipiberi nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda osiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chake maonekedwe akhoza kukhala:

• bowa;
• mabakiteriya
• ma virus ndi mycoplasmas pafupi nawo.

Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi

Matenda a mafangasi ndi mliri weniweni wa nthangala za rasipiberi. Amalowa mosavuta mu minofu yake kudzera pa messata, kudula ndi khungu, komanso kudzera mabala ndi kuvulala. Spungal spores ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo zimatha kunyamulidwa mtunda wautali ndi mphepo, kugwa kwamvula, tizilombo, nyama komanso ngakhale anthu. Kuphatikiza apo, ambiri aiwo amatha kupitiliza m'nthaka yayitali, kubzala zinyalala ndi zida zam'munda.

Pamaso kudulira rasipiberi, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa chida chamaluwa kuti chisafalitse matenda

Anthracnose

Anthracnose ndi matenda amodzi a rasipiberi. Omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndi fungus Gloeosporium venetum Speg, yomwe imakhudza mbali zonse za mbewu.

Masamba ndi oyamba kudwala anthracnose. Malo owoneka ndi khungu laimvi komanso kuwaza kwofiirira amawonekera m'mitsempha yawo. Ndi chitukuko cha matendawa, mawanga amaphatikizika, masamba amapindika ndi owuma.

Anthracnose amakula mwachangu ndi chinyezi chambiri

Zilonda zazimera zokhala ndi malire aofiirira zimawonekeranso pamphukira wa rasipiberi. Makungwa awo amasanduka amvi, akunyentchera ndipo amakhala ngati nkhata. Anthracnose amawona maburashi azipatso, omwe pambuyo pake amawuma. Zipatso za tchire zomwe zakhudzidwa ndizopunduka, zofiirira komanso zolemetsa. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha conidia (asexual spores) cha fungus mawonekedwe pamawonekedwe ndi zilonda.

Conidia ndi mycelium wa bowa wopangitsa anthracnose kulekerera kutentha pang'ono. Amayamba nyengo yachisanu pamtengowo ndipo amayamba kuwonjezereka nthawi ikangoyamba kutentha.

Didimella, kapena Purple Spotting

Wothandizirana naye wofiirira malo owoneka ndi bulu wa Didymella arrlanata. Imalowetsedwa bwino chifukwa chakuwonongeka kwa khungwa, komwe kumatha kuchitika zonse ziwiri chifukwa cha nyengo yovuta (chisanu chambiri, kusintha kwanyengo mwadzidzidzi mu nthawi yozizira), komanso mothandizidwa ndi tizirombo tating'onoting'ono (mwachitsanzo, mapulusa a ndulu).

Zizindikiro zoyambirira za didimella zimawonekera kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Pa mphukira zazing'ono, mawonekedwe owoneka ofiira owoneka ofunda, okhala patali ndi mapikidwe a petioles. Pang'onopang'ono, amakwera m'mwamba, kuphatikiza zigawo mpaka 30 cm, kukulitsa tsinde. Mtundu wa mawanga ukusintha kukhala wofiirira. Pakatikati, amasungunuka ndikuphimbidwa ndi madontho amdima - fungcnids zam'mimba zomwe zimabisa spores.

Didimella ndiosavuta kuzindikira ndi mawanga ofiirira pamtunda wa rasipiberi

Masamba, zodula ndi nthambi za zipatso za rasipiberi zokhala ndi matalala zimakutidwa ndi mawanga a necrotic. Zipatso zouma zosapsa. Impso zikufa.

Kuwona kwamtundu waubweya sikuimitsa ntchito yake ngakhale chilimwe chitatha. M'dzinja komanso nyengo yotentha, fangayi imapitiriza kukula kwake, ndikupangitsa kufa kwake.

Mu kasupe wa chaka chachiwiri cha chitukuko cha matendawa pa tchire rasipiberi, nkhuni zimafafaniza. Masamba awo amakhala chlorine muutoto ndikuchepetsedwa kukula kwake, ndipo masamba amapitilira kukula. Pamaso pa khungwa lofiirira lomwe limakhala ndi malo akuluakulu a imvi lowoneka bwino, ming'alu yambiri imapangika. Ndipo pa icho mumatha kuwona ndi maliseche madontho akuda a ziwalo zobala zipsera za bowa.

Kufalikira kwachangu kwamaso amtundu wofiirira kumathandizidwa ndi:

• nyengo yotentha ndi yanyontho;
• kukula kwa rasipiberi m'minda;
• kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka;
• dothi lolemera lomwe lili ndi madzi ambiri pansi.

Verticill wilt (wilt)

Mafangayi, omwe amachititsa kuti verticillus ikufota, amabisala m'nthaka mpaka 30 cm mwakuya mu mawonekedwe a mycelium kapena chlamydospores ndikulowa mmera kudzera pamizu. Kenako imafalikira kudzera m'mitsempha yama tchire kuthengo konse.

Ngakhale kuti matendawa amatenga kachilomboka kumayambiriro koyambira, zizindikilo zake zoyambirira zimangowonekera pambuyo pokhazikitsa nyengo yotentha komanso youma. Masamba a chomera matenda mwadzidzidzi amasanduka achikasu ndikuwuma. Zotsika kwambiri zimagwa, ndipo omwe ali kumtunda amakhalabe pach chitsamba. Mphukira zimasanduka buluu wakuda kapena wofiirira ndi kusiya kukula. Nsonga zawo zimafota ndipo pang'onopang'ono zimafa. Mphukira zowonongeka zimatha kukhalabe mpaka chaka chamawa ndikubweretsa zipatso zazing'onozing'ono zouma.

Spus zambiri za bowa zomwe zingayambitse nthaka m'nthaka kwa zaka 14

Mizu yazomera zodwala imakhala yothandiza kwakanthawi, koma mphukira zatsopano zikucheperachepera. Nthawi zambiri, tchire lokhala ndi vertillillar limafa munyengo imodzi kapena ziwiri.

Dzimbiri

Dzimbiri rasipoti ndizosowa kwenikweni ndipo zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kuthengo. Amayamba chifukwa cha bowa Phragmidium rubi-idaei (Pers), yemwe spores yake imabisala masamba adagwa. Kutentha kukalowa, iwo amamera ndi kupereka matenda oyamba a tchire rasipiberi.

Masabata 2-3 atatenga kachilomboka, mapiritsi owala a lalanje amawonekera pambali yamasamba a rasipiberi. Mu nyengo yonyowa, mibadwo yambiri ya bowa yomwe imayambitsa matenda amtunduwu nthawi yotentha. Panthawi yachilala, chitukuko chake chimayimitsidwa.

Ndi matenda amphamvu a chitsamba cha rasipiberi ndi dzimbiri, mapira a lalanje amadzaza gawo lonse lakelo

Palinso mtundu wa dzimbiri. Chizindikiro chake chachikulu ndikuwoneka kwa zilonda zokhazokha pa mphukira, zomwe zimapangika pang'onopang'ono, ndikupanga ming'alu yayitali.

Amakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri ndipo masamba amafa tsiku lisanafike. Zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa zipatso. Zabwino zamasamba a rasipiberi akudwala zimachepera 30%.

Seporia, kapena loyera

Fungus Septoria rubi Sacc, yomwe imayambitsa kuwoneka kwa malo oyera, ndiofala pafupifupi m'madera onse aulimi wa rasipiberi. Amakula mwachangu ndi chinyezi chachikulu, kuphatikiza ndi kutentha pang'ono. Zambiri za bowa nthawi yachisanu pamasamba odwala ndi mphukira.

Masamba rasipiberi ndi zimayambira akudwala septoria. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pakati pa Meyi, ndipo zimafika pofika pomwe zipatso zimacha.

Pa masamba a chomera chomwe chimakhala ndi kachilombo, pamawoneka timadontho tofiirira tambiri, ndipo patapita nthawi timayeretsedwa pakatikati ndipo ndimasozika m'mbali. Mothandizika kupanga ziwalo za bowa kukhala pamaso pawo, ndikuwoneka ngati madontho akuda. Pang'onopang'ono, mawanga amatha kuphatikiza, minofu yomwe idakhudzidwa imawonongeka pang'ono ndipo tsamba limawuma.

Zizindikiro zokhala ndi bala loyera zimakhala zambiri pamasamba.

Pa mphukira, malo osalala owoneka bwino amapezeka pafupi ndi impso, ndipo nthawi zambiri, kumalowa. Makungwa a tchire lomwe lakhudzidwalo limakutidwa ndi ming'alu yaying'ono, ndipo mbali yake yapamwamba ikukhazikika.

Rasipiberi tchire ofooka ndi malo oyera samalekerera nyengo yachisanu. Ndi matenda ochuluka kwambiri, impso zawo nthawi zambiri zimafa. Komanso septoria ingayambitse kuchepa kwa zokolola ndikuyamba kugwa tsamba.

Khansa ya mu minyewa

Mwa mabakiteriya omwe amatenga kachilombo ka rasipiberi, khansa ya muzu yofala kwambiri ndi amene amachititsa bacterium Pseudomonas tu-mefaciens (Smith et Towns.) Stev. Matendawa amalowa m'mizu ya mbewuyo mwa kuwonongeka kwa makina chifukwa chodzala, kumasula mizere pakati pa mizere kapena chifukwa cha tizirombo.

Mu matendawa, tinthu tambiri timabowo timapangidwa pansi pa chomera ndipo nthawi zina pamiphukira yake, chifukwa cha magawano osayenera omwe mkati mwake muli mabakiteriya. Chitsamba cha rasipiberi kachilombo chimasanduka chikaso ndikupanga pang'ono. M'mikhalidwe yovuta, amatha kumwalira, koma nthawi zambiri zinthu zimangoponderezedwa chitsamba. Pambuyo pazaka 2-3, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a khansa amawonongedwa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndipo chomera chimachira. Koma m'tsogolo matendawa atha kubwereranso.

Kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a khansa kumayambira kumathandizira kwambiri ndikuthana ndi acidic nthaka (pH pansipa 5).

Ngakhale kuti khansa ya mizu imakhudza gawo lobisika la chomera, chitsamba chonse chimavutika ndi izi

Dothi losauka komanso nyengo zosasinthika zimachulukitsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha khansa ya bakiteriya pachomera. Kukhazikika kwa matendawa kumathandizira kuti pakhale nthawi yayitali kulima raspberries m'malo amodzi.

Matenda a viral ndi mycoplasma

Owopsa kwambiri kwa raspberries ndi matenda oyambitsidwa ndi ma virus ndi mycoplasmas oyandikira. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Bashiy wobiriwira rasipiberi. Matenda amatuluka kudzera mu mungu wa zomera zodwala, zomwe zimayenda mosavuta pamtunda wautali. Wosenda rasipiberi tchire makamaka amatembenukira masamba achikasu. Kusintha kwa utoto kumachitika pakati pa mitsempha, koma nthawi zina zimakhala zotheka kuwona mapangidwe ndi mphete ndi mizere kapena kuwonongeka kwa tsamba lonse. Zizindikiro zimazimiririka theka lachiwiri la chilimwe, kenako mbewu yodwala ikatha kutsimikizika zipatso zitapsa: zimachepa kukula ndikuwazikana munkhokwe. Zopatsa za rasipiberi zomwe zimayambukiridwa ndi kachilombo kakang'ono kwambiri kamtunduwu zimatha.
  

  Wokani pa tchire rasipiberi, wodwala wokhala patchire, wochepetsedwa ndi 2

• Khalidwe. Tchire lomwe limayambukiridwa ndi matendawa, masamba ake amagwada pansi, ndikupanganso khoma lolimba komanso mtundu wakuda wobiriwira, womwe umasinthira kukhala bronze bulauni poyambira nthawi yophukira. Nthambi za zipatso zimakhala zopanda mawonekedwe, ndipo zipatsozo zimatha kuzimiririka. Kukula kwa zitsamba zomwe zakhudzidwa kumachepa. Nsonga zawo nthawi zambiri zimafa.
  

  Curl imayambitsa matenda opatsirana ndi ma aphid ndi nematode

• Mose. Zothandizira zake za causative ndi mavairasi opatsirana ndikuyamwa tizilombo. Chizindikiro cha matendawa ndi mtundu wa masamba owoneka bwino, wopangidwa mosiyanasiyana, wobiriwira wobiriwira komanso wachikaso amitundu ingapo. Pakutentha, Zizindikiro zimachepa, koma nyengo yadzuwa ikubwerera. Mphukira za tchire zopatsirana zimayamba kuchepera, zipatsozo zimakhala zazing'ono komanso zopanda pake. Popita nthawi, mbewuyo imamera ndikufa.
  

  Zizindikiro za mtundu wa viral zimafooka pakatentha, koma bweretsani ndi kuzizira
• Matenda a chlorosis, kapena jaundice. Amawonetsedwa chikaso cha masamba, kenako pakati pa mitsemayo, kenako pang'onopang'ono. Komanso masamba amatha kupindika ndi makwinya. Mphukira za matenda odwala zimakulitsidwa ndi kuwonda, ndipo zipatsozo zimakhala zopanda mawonekedwe, zimachepera komanso zowuma.
  

  Matenda a chlorosis, kapena rasipiberi jaundice, monga matenda ena ambiri amtunduwu, amafala ndi nsabwe za m'masamba

• Kukula kwa Mycoplasma, kapena tsache la mfiti. Matenda a Mycoplasmal, akuwoneka ngati mphukira zambiri zopyapyala komanso zazifupi mu chitsamba rasipiberi. Amakhala ndi khungu la chlorine komanso maluwa opunduka, omwe zipatso sizimakula. Chomera chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwa mycoplasma chimatha kukhala chothandiza kwa zaka 10, nthawi yonseyi kukhala chodwalitsa. Nthawi zina pamakhala kukhululukidwa kwakanthawi ndikubwerera kwa zipatso, koma chifukwa chake, matendawa amapezeka ndipo mbewuyo imafa.
  

  Kukula kwa Mycoplasma - matenda opha rasipiberi

Kanema: Tchire rasipiberi wokhudzidwa ndi viric mosaic

Tizilombo ta rasipiberi

Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mabulosi rasipiberi kumayambitsidwa ndi tizirombo. Imodzi mwaowopsa kwambiri kwa iwo ndi stem gall midge. Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndi udzudzu wocheperako. Akazi ake mchaka amayikira mazira awo kuwonongeka kapena ming'alu yachilengedwe mu mphukira zamkaka zamasamba. Ma mphutsi a lalanje kuwaswa kwa iwo, pamene akudyetsa, kubisalira zinthu zina ndi ma pheromones, zomwe zimayambitsa mapangidwe a zophuka pamitengo ya rasipiberi - ma galls.

Mibadwo 3-4 ya tsinde ndulu ya midge imatha kukula mu nyengo imodzi

Mphukira zowonongeka ndi ndulu ya midge zimafooka, kusweka, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha. Samasilira chisanu ndipo amavutika ndi kufota kwa dzinja. Kuchuluka ndi mtundu wakucha zipatso m'matchire omwe ali ndi tsinde midges kumachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Kanema: tsinde rasipiberi ndulu midge

Masamba ndi tizirombo tina timakhudzidwa. Zina mwa izo ndi:

• Rasipiberi-sitiroberi weevil. Chimawoneka ngati kachirombo kakuda. Kumayambiriro koyambirira, amadya masamba ndi masamba ena. Zovala zachikazi zimadya mabowo m'mabowo ndikuyika mazira, kenako zimaluma. Zotsatira zake, maluwa amtsogolo adzagwa kapena kuwuma. Pakatha sabata, mphutsi zimaswa kuchokera ku mazira, zomwe zisanadyetse mkati mwa bud kwa masiku 25. M'nyengo yozizira, rasipiberi-sitiroberi amabisalira pansi masamba, masamba, dothi kapena ming'alu.
  

  M'nyengo yozizira, rasipiberi-sitiroberi amabisalira pansi masamba kapena masamba ena

• Masamba ndikuwombera nsabwe za m'masamba. Zomera zoyamwa zobiriwira. Kukula kwawo sikupita 2 mm. Amadyetsedwa ndi chakudya cham'mbuyo, chifukwa chomwe magawo obiriwira a tchire amapotozedwa ndikuwonongeka. Kuphatikiza apo, nsabwe za m'masamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati zimanyamula matenda a virus. Mazira akuda a tizilomboti nthawi yozizira pama mphukira pachaka.
  

  Aphid madera nthawi zambiri amapezeka pamitengo ndi m'munsi mwa rasipiberi masamba asanafike maluwa
• Tizilombo ta rasipiberi. Tizilombo timeneti timapezeka pa tchire la rasiperi koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Akuluakulu amadya thupi la masamba, masamba okongoletsedwa ndi mitengo. Mphutsi zimawononga zipatso mwa kudya ma drupes ndi kukukutira ndimaitunda. Zipatso zazikulu zimatsika mpaka 50%, nthawi zambiri zimavunda ndipo zimakhala zosayenera kudya. Mimbulu ndi mphutsi zake nthawi yozizira m'nthaka pafupi ndi tchire rasipiberi pakuya kwa 10 cm.
  

  Rasipiberi mphutsi zimawononga zipatso, kuwapangitsa kukhala osayenera kudya

• Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhala pansi pamasamba ndipo limadyera cell sap. Chizindikiro chachikulu cha mawonekedwe ake ndi chikasu cha masamba ndi kutulutsa kwawo mawonekedwe osakhazikika. Rasipiberi wamkazi nkhupakupa hibernate pansi dothi flakes.
  

  Rasipiberi mite amadya maselo amadzimadzi

• Spider mite. Wina woyamwa rasipiberi. Imakhazikika pansi pa tsamba ndikuyamba kudya. Itha kusiyanitsidwa ndi ukonde, womwe ndi nkhupakupa zambiri zimagwira mbali zonse za mbewu. Kuphatikiza apo, mu tchire likasakanikirana ndi masamba owonongeka, pang'onopang'ono limasandulika mozungulira pang'onopang'ono, kuwuma ndi kuwola. Spider mite imagwira ntchito makamaka masiku owuma komanso otentha.
  

  Spider mite imagwira ntchito makamaka masiku owuma komanso otentha.

Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda

Ngati tchire rasipiberi akudwala komanso kuwonongeka ndi tizirombo, ndikofunikira kuchitapo kanthu kuti muthane nazo mwachangu.

Momwe mungagonjetsere matenda a fungus

Matenda ambiri fungal a raspberries ndiosavuta kuchiza. Nthawi zambiri, madzi a Bordeaux amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa zitsamba zomwe zakhudzidwa. Ndi chisakanizo cha vitriol buluu ndi laimu woterera.Limagwirira ntchito ya Bordeaux madzimadzi zimatengera kuwonongeka kwa zoyipitsa milandu mkuwa kumauma spores. Limu loterera limaletsa kuchapa kwawo ndikuwoneka ngati mankhwala awotcha pamadzi.

Sakanizani pokonzekera zamadzimadzi a Bordeaux ndizosavuta kupeza m'malo ogulitsira ena onse

Kupanga Bordeaux Liquid

Bordeaux madzi amakonzedwa nthawi yomweyo musanagwiritse ntchito. Njirayi imaphatikizapo njira zingapo:

1. 100 g yamkuwa sulfate (pokonzekera 1% Bordeaux madzi) imasakanikirana ndi madzi ochepa ofunda.
2. Mu chidebe china, 150-200 g ya laimu imaphatikizidwa ndi madzi otentha kuti ikhale kirimu wowawasa (nthawi zambiri izi zimafuna madzi okwanira 1 litre).
3. Iliyonse yankho lomwe lidabweretsa lidabwera ndi 5 l powonjezera madzi ozizira.
4. Njira yothetsera mandimu (mkaka wa laimu) umasefedwa kudzera mu cheesecloth.
5. Pang'onopang'ono, mosalekeza, kutsanulira mkaka wa laimu yankho la sulfate yamkuwa.

Mukamakonza madzi a Bordeaux, musagwiritse ntchito ziwiya zachitsulo ndikusokoneza njirayo, mwachitsanzo, tsanulira mkaka wa laimu mu njira ya mkuwa wamkuwa. Ngati kuli kofunikira kukonzekera fungosis ndi ndende ina, kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumachulukana. Chifukwa chake, kuti mumwa madzi a 3% Bordeaux, muyenera 300 g zamkuwa sulphate ndi 500-600 g la laimu.

Zotsatira zake ziyenera kukhala zakumwa zamtambo zokhala ndi zamchere pang'ono kapena zosafunikira.. Mutha kuyang'ana ndikutaya kuyesa kwa litmus mumusakaniza, womwe nthawi zambiri umaphatikizidwa ndi zida zopangira Bordeaux. Ndikakonzekera bwino, iyenera kutembenukira buluu. Ngati mayeso a litmus adakhala ofiira, ndiye kuti acidity yamadzimadzi iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mkaka wa laimu.

Kanema: Zinthu zovuta kuzikonzera Bordeaux zamadzimadzi

Chithandizo cha fungus cha tchire

Muyeso wofunikira polimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus adakali masipere kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kugona ndi kuphukira, masamba atachotsedwa, chithandizo ndi 3% Bordeaux fluid. Fangayi ikhoza kulowa m'malo mwa zida zina zamkuwa zomwe zimagulitsidwa mu fomu yomaliza:

• HOM (yogwira pophika mkuwa wa chloride);
• Cuproxate (mkuwa wamkuwa);
• Cuprozan (calcium chloride ndi cineb).

Omwe alimi ambiri amayeserera kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira tchire ndi fungicides. Imachitika nthawi yomweyo masamba atagwa.

M'minda ya rasipiberi ya mankhwala ogulitsa, mankhwala amphamvu omwe amaphatikiza fungicidal, mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi herbicidal nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi matenda a fungus.. Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Nitrafen (yankho la 2.2-3%);
• DNOC (1% yankho).

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, muyenera kukumbukira za ngozi yawo kwa anthu, komanso tizilombo tothandiza komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Sangathe kudonthetsedwa ndi tchire lomwe limaphuka ndi masamba, ndipo chithandizo chobzala ndi DNOC chitha kuchitidwa kunja kwanyumba kokha komanso osapitiliza kamodzi pa zaka zitatu.

Ngati ndi kotheka, mankhwalawa raspberries ndi fungicides amapitilizidwa nthawi yakula, mpaka tiziwoneka thumba losunga mazira. Mwa izi, mankhwalawa otsatirawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• 1% yankho la Bordeaux madzimadzi kapena kukonzekera kwina kwamkuwa;
• 0,5% phthalan yankho;
• Kaptan yankho la 0.5%;
• Tsineb yankho la 0,7%.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuchita zoposa 3 mankhwala a rasipiberi tchire pa nyengo.

Kanema: momwe mungathanirane ndi utoto wa rasipiberi wowona

Zoyenera kuchita ngati matenda a khansa ya bakiteriya ndi matenda a virus atapezeka

Masamba a rasipiberi omwe amakhudzidwa ndi khansa ya bakiteriya, chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chake chochepa, safuna chithandizo chapadera ndi mankhwala. Chulukitsani kuchuluka kwa kuwonongedwa kwa ma causative othandizira matendawa ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono powonjezera superphosphate kapena osakaniza ammonium sulfate ndi potaziyamu pansi. Amathandizira kuyeretsa mabakiteriya owononga ndi feteleza wachilengedwe.

Rasipiberi Matenda a Virtual Zosatheka Kufikika. Njira yokhayo yothanirana nawo ndi kukumba chitsamba chonse chawonongeka ndikuwotchedwa. Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa aluso salimbikitsa kuti abzale raspberries pamalo omwe mbewu zopezeka ndi kachilomboka zidapezeka zaka zingapo.

Zimatanthawuza kuwonongera kwa rasipiberi tizirombo

Pofuna kuthana ndi tizirombo, rasipiberi amagwiritsa ntchito tizilombo (kupha tizilombo) ndi ma acaricides (kupha nkhupakupa). Mukamakonza tchire rasipiberi ndi iwo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira njira zotetezera. Ntchito yonse iyenera kuchitika ndi magolovesi a mphira komanso chigoba choteteza cha ma 5-6 magawo a gauze.

Masipuni amapopera pokhapokha ngati kuli kouma komanso kotentha.

Gome: Zipangizo Zoyipitsira Ziphuphu

Njira zopewera

Polimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ta raspberries, kupewa mawonekedwe awo ndikofunikira kwambiri. Udindo wofunikira kwambiri pankhaniyi umaseweredwa ndikusankhidwa kwa mbande zathanzi zomwe sizigwirizana ndi matenda wamba ndipo sizimadwala. Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika ngati izi zikuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino:

• Kuchotsa kwakanthawi kwa mphukira zosawilitsidwa ndikukula kapena kukhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo;
• kupatulira mitengo
• masamba akugwa;
• Kukumba kwa posachedwa kwa rasipiberi;
• mulching kubzala ndi manyowa kumayambiriro kasupe;
• kuthirira nthawi zonse komanso pamwamba pakuvala tchire rasipiberi.

Gome: rasipiberi mitundu yogonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Chithunzi cha zithunzi: rasipiberi mitundu yogonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga

Mukazindikira zizindikiro za matenda komanso kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo tokhala tchire rasipiberi, musataye mtima. Ambiri aiwo amatha kugonjetsedwa ndi njira zapadera. Ngakhale zosavuta kuteteza kuti zisachitike. Kuti tichite izi, ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo aukadaulo waulimi ndikusankha mitundu yomwe singagwidwe ndi matenda ndi tizirombo wamba m'deralo.