Cymbidium ndi maluwa a banja la Orchid. Chidziwitso choyamba cha izo chinawonekera ku China zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri zapitazo. Ngakhale Confucius mwiniyo ananena kuti duwa limeneli ndi mfumu ya zonunkhira. Cymbidium ndi yosavuta kusunga, yomwe imapangitsa kuti alimi azitchuka kwambiri, makamaka oyamba kumene.
Kulongosola kwachidule
Cymbidium imatchedwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya orchids, zomwe ziri zosadabwitsa kwambiri. Maluwa ndi zonona, zofiira, zachikasu, pinki, zofiirira komanso zobiriwira. Kuonjezera apo, amatha kugwira paphesi la maluwa kwa miyezi iwiri, osangalala ndi maso a wolimawo, komanso kumveka kwa fungo: maluwa a cymbidium ali ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Kukula kwake kumasiyanasiyana kuyambira wamng'ono mpaka wamkulu, malingana ndi zosiyanasiyana. Nthanga ya maluwa ikukula mosalekeza ndipo imatha kufika mamita limodzi ndi hafu msinkhu.
Awa ndi orchid omwe ali ndi masamba akuluakulu, pamapeto pake amakhala ozungulira. Ndibwino kuti musamalidwe bwino komanso kuti mukhale bwino, masamba a pseudobulbs akhoza kukhala zaka 2-3, kenako amatha kufa, ndipo masamba amodzi amawoneka m'malo awo.
Mukudziwa? Masamba a Cymbidium akhoza kukula kutalika mamita 1.
Zomwe zili bwino kuti mukule
Kwa orchid, chisamaliro cha cymbidium kunyumba n'chosavuta poyerekeza ndi ma orchid ena. Choncho, kwa omwe akufuna kupeza maluwa a orchid, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyambe ndi maluwa osadziwika. Kuti mumvetse mmene mungasamalire kukongola uku, muyenera kudziwa kuti cymbidia yamakono ndi chifukwa cha kusakanizidwa kwa cymbidia kumapiri, kumene kuli kuwala kwambiri masana, ndipo kuli kozizira usiku. Ndipo ntchito ya wolimayo ndi kupereka zofanana zofanana ndi maluwa kunyumba.
Kuwala Kuwala
Cymbidium amakonda kuwala, kotero muyenera kuziyika pawindo. Koma masanasana, dzuwa likagwira ntchito, ndi kofunikira kuti liphimbe chomeracho ndi chinsalu, makamaka ngati chiri maluwa. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene kuyatsa kwachilengedwe sikukwanira, ndi zofunika kupereka maluwa a orchid ndi nyali yapadera. Mtundu wa masambawo umauza wamaluwa ngati kuwala kokwanira kumalandira cymbidium. Masamba obiriwira amdima ndi chizindikiro cha kusowa kwauni, koma golide wobiriwira ndi chizindikiro chakuti kuyatsa kuli kolondola.
Kutentha kotentha
Chilendo cha mtundu wa orchid - kukonda mpweya wabwino ndi kutentha kusintha. M'nyengo yotentha, kutentha kwa 16-20 ° C kudzakhala bwino. Koma usiku uyenera kuchepetsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, tengani chomera ku khonde kapena kuchiyika pazenera.
Ndikofunikira! Cymbidia yamakono sinafunikire kusintha kwa kutentha, amatha kukhala bwino pa firiji yamkati.
M'nyengo yozizira, cymbidium imafuna kutentha, pafupifupi 10-15 madigiri Celsius. Mu mzinda nyumba sizikhala zovuta kupeza malo okhala ndi kutentha koteroko, kupatula kugwiritsa ntchito loggia. M'nyumba yaumwini, nkhaniyi ndi yosavuta kuthetsa - zedi pali malo otentha kapena malo omwe radiator siinayambe.
Kukula nthaka
Nthaka ya Cymbidium ikhale "yowawa." Mitengo ya masamba a humus, makungwa a mitengo ya coniferous, sphagnum moss, malasha, udothi wambiri, vermiculite, perlite ndi mchenga wakonzedwa. Ngati zosakaniza zili zovuta kupeza, mukhoza kupita ku sitolo yapadera ndikugula substrate yokonzedwa bwino yokhala ndi orchids.
Momwe mungasinthire mutatha kugula
Orchids ndi zomera zomwe sizimakonda kusinthasintha. Choncho, cymbidium transplantation iyenera kuchitika kokha ngati mwadzidzidzi, kamodzi kamodzi pa zaka zitatu. Tikabweretsa cymbidium kunyumba, pokhapokha mutagulidwa mungafunikire ngati mizu yayamba kwambiri ndipo duwa liri ndi malo ochepa m'phika. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za kufunika kokweza orchid ndi pansi pa mphika pokhala wolimba kwambiri ndi mizu youma. Mizu yachinyamata idzawoneka kuchokera pamwamba.
Ndondomeko yowonjezera ili motere:
- Cymbidium imachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono mu mphika.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni woyera (popanda kugwiritsa ntchito omwe amachepetsa chakudya) ayenera kudula pansi pazitsamba zakale ndi zowuma.
- Kuyeretsa mosamala kwambiri dothi kuchokera ku mizu ya cymbidium. Ndikofunika kukhala osamala kwambiri kuti asawononge mizu yathanzi.
- Kwa nyumba cymbidium transplantation kunyumba, mizu yake imathamanga ndi madzi ndipo imayang'aniridwa mosamala kuti iwonongeke, kenaka ikaumitsidwa mu mpweya wabwino.
- Orchid ya Cymbidium imayikidwa mu mphika watsopano, kufalitsa mosamalitsa mizu, ndi kuphatikiza ndi kusakaniza kugwira ntchito.
Ndikofunikira! Pseudobulba mukamabzala ayenera kusiya pamwamba pa nthaka kuti asayambe kuvunda.
Afunseni kuti mphika wotani wa cymbidium ndi wofunikira, ndikofunikira kudziwa zimenezo ma orchids sakonda matanthwe akuluakulu Choncho, mphika watsopano wa cymbidium uyenera kukhala waukulu kwambiri kuposa mizu. Pambuyo pakeka, orchid ya sabata ndi hafu iyenera kusiya yeniyeni kuti ikhale yothetsera vutoli ndikupulumuka.Mbali yosamalira orchid kunyumba
Monga mbewu ina iliyonse, Cymbidium iyenera kusamalidwa. Ngakhale duwalo liri lodzichepetsa, palinso malingaliro ena a chisamaliro chake ndi maonekedwe osayenera omwe sayenera kuiwalika.
Momwe mungamwetsera ndi kutsanulira mbewu
Nthaka pansi pa cymbidium imayenera kusungidwa nthawi zonse. Madzi amvula kapena madzi opatulidwa kutentha kwagwiritsidwe ntchito. Musanayambe kuthirira Cymbidium, m'pofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti madzi mumphika sakuima, nthawi zonse kutaya madzi ochulukirapo. Kuchuluka kwa madzi kudzachititsa kuti mizu iwonongeke, ndipo malo amdima pamunsi mwa masamba adzatsimikizira izi. M'nyengo yozizira, mungathe kuthirira mbewuyi mochepa, koma kuyanikabe sikungaloledwe.
Chinyezi sichiyenera kukhala chokwera. Ingolani mphika wa cymbidium pa thireyi ndi madzi kapena miyala yamadzi. Kupopera mbewu sikofunikira makamaka, ndipo nyengo yozizira ikhoza kupweteka.
Feteleza
Manyowa cymbidium amafunika kuyamba m'chaka ndikupitirira mpaka duwa limamasula. Kenaka kudyetsa mapepala ndi kubweranso m'chaka. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi amchere feteleza. Zida zamtengo wapatali zingagulidwe m'masitolo. Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti palibe ndondomeko yapamwamba ya nayitrogeni pamwamba pa kuvala pamwamba m'nyengo yozizira.
Mmene mungachulukire kunyumba
Okonda Cymbidium akukhudzidwa ndi kubwezeretsanso kwa orchid, yomwe ndi, momwe angamerekere maluwa aang'ono kuchokera ku babu. Ndipotu, sikovuta kwambiri. Njirayi ndi yofanana ndi kuika. Chokhacho chiyenera kugawidwa bwino ndi mpeni ku zigawo zingapo. Aliyense wa iwo ayenera kukhala ndi pseudobulbs atatu ndi kukula kwake. Izi ziyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa maluwa, kapena maluwa amatha kumaliza nyengo. Kusakaniza kwa kubzala kumakonzedweratu, gawo lirilonse la mbeu limayikidwa mu mphika wosiyana ndikuyeretsa madzi kwa mwezi umodzi kapena awiri. Mukawona kuti chomeracho chazika mizu ndikukula bwino, mungathe kusintha kusinthana.
Mukudziwa? Kale ku Japan ndi China, cymbidium inabzalidwa m'maboma ndi minda chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo kwakukulu.Kukula kwa cymbidium kuchokera kumbewu kunyumba kumakhalanso kotheka, koma izi zimakhala nthawi yochuluka komanso nthawi yambiri. Muyenera kukhala okonzekera kuti kale kuposa zaka 3-4 kufalikira kwa orchid sikungatheke.
Kodi vuto ndi chiyani? Chowonadi ndi chakuti mbewu za orchid ndizochepa kwambiri moti zimatha kusokonezeka ndi fumbi wamba. Sangathe kudyetsa zakudya m'nthaka, popeza alibe endosperm. Pachifukwa ichi, zisonkhezero za kunja za mbeu zowonjezera zingakhale zowononga. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa mikhalidwe "yowonjezera" yomwe ingathandize kuti chitukuko cha thupi lopanda chitetezo chitheke. Zida zonse za ntchito ziyenera kuyendetsedwa. Poyamba, katswiri wa zamagetsi yekha angagwire ntchito yotereyi, koma lero mungathe kugula zokonzekera zambiri ndi zokonzekera mu sitolo yapadera ndikuyesa kuyesera.
Matenda akuluakulu ndi tizirombo
Mavuto aakulu omwe angakhudze eni ake a cymbidium ndi awa:
- N'chifukwa chiyani cymbidium sichiphulika panyumba? Poyambirira, muyenera kumvetsa nthawi zambiri ma cymbidium amamasula. Zimakhala kamodzi pachaka, nthawi yamaluwa zimadalira zomera zosiyanasiyana. Mulimonsemo, maluwa sangathe kupezeka ngati kutentha kwa chipinda chiri pamwamba pa madigiri 22-23. Cymbidia, yomwe imafalikira m'nyengo yamasika kapena chilimwe, kawirikawiri sikumayang'anizana ndi vutoli, koma m'nyengo yozizira pangakhale zovuta. Ndizomveka kuyesa kupanga mtundu wa "kugwedeza" kwa chomera - kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi okwanira ndi kupereka madontho ooneka usiku ndi usana kutentha kwa madigiri 3-5. Kutentha kwa usiku ndi madigiri 10-13.
- Cymbidium dries. Pali zifukwa ziwiri: kaya dothi latha kapena mvula imakhala yochepa. Mukumapeto kwake, muyenera kutsuka duwa ku botolo la katolo pa katatu patsiku, ndipo pansi pa mphika mupange madzi ozizira pansi pa kabati kapena miyala.
- Cymbidium yonyezimira ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha kuvunda kwa mizu. Mutachotsa dothi lopanda pamwamba, mukhoza kuyang'ana mizu ndipo, popeza zowola, muyenera kubzala maluwa amaluwa pang'onopang'ono, mutatha kuchotsa maluwa.
- Tizilombo. Zowopsa kwa cymbidium ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi akangaude. Ngati cymbidium sichiphulika, imakhala yowumitsa, yonyezimira, ngakhale masamba omwe agwa, chofunikira mwamsanga kuyesa chomeracho kuti akhalepo ndi tizirombo ndi kuziyeretsa zikadziwika. Pochita izi, sitolo yapadera imagula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa thonje timachotsedwa pamwamba pa orchid.
- Mwatsoka, cymbidium ikhoza kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Amawonekera m'mawanga a masamba pa masamba. Palibe njira yothetsera vuto ili, choncho maluwa odwala amayenera kuwonongedwa.
