Kukula mapeyala mu Memory of Yakovlev, Autumn Yakovlev ndi Yakovlev's Favorite

Mapeyala a mitundu yophukira nthawi zonse amafunidwa. Chimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri mzere wapakati, wamaluwa ambiri ndi akatswiri amalingalira mitundu ya Memory Yakovlev. Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu ya Autumn Yakovleva ndi Yakovleva's Favorite. Kodi mapeyala amenewa ndi otani, amafanana bwanji, ndipo amasiyana bwanji. Ndi mitundu iti yomwe ndibwino kusankha kuti mubzale m'munda ndi m'munda. Tithandizirani kuzindikira.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapeyala pokumbukira Yakovlev, Autumn Yakovlev ndi Yakovlev's Favorite

Kupezeka modutsa wakale wa (1909) wa kum'mawa kwa Thoma wokhala ndi wachikulire kwambiri (1847) wa ku France, Olivier de Serre. Kukaniza nyengo yachisanu, nkhanambo, ndi kukhwima koyambirira zidapezeka kuchokera ku giredi yoyamba. Kuchokera kwa kholo la ku France, mitundu idalandirapo kukoma komanso kusunthika kwa zipatsozo, komanso kudziphatikiza ndi chipatsocho ku tsinde.

Gome: Makhalidwe Oyerekeza a Peyala Zosiyanasiyana

Makhalidwe Osiyanasiyana	Mukukumbukira Yakovlev	Autumn Yakovleva	Makonda a Yakovlev
Woyambitsa	All-Russian Research Institute of genetics ndi Kusankhidwa kwa Zipatso
Chaka chophatikizidwa mu boma la State	1985	1974	1965
Tolerance Madera	Kati, Central Black Earth, Volga-Vyatka ndi Middle Volga	Central Black Earth ndi Lower Volga	Kati, Central Black Earth ndi Middle Volga
Khalidwe la mtengo	Wamfupi, wokula msanga, wokhala ndi korona yaying'ono, ozungulira, wowala. Kuyang'ana pamagloves osavuta komanso ovuta. Kutha kupanga mfuti kwambiri.	Kukula kwakukulu komanso kuthamanga ndi msambo wofalikira, wotambalala kwambiri, pang'onopang'ono, korona wosowa. Malinga ndi mabuku ena, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito kudulira, mtengo umatha kukula mpaka 15 metres. Kukula makamaka pamagolovesi ndi mitengo yazipatso.	Wakutali, wokula mwamphamvu wokhala ndi korona yodziwika bwino. Kuyenda pamagolovesi ndi nthungo.
Autonomy	Pamwamba	Malinga ndi kufotokozera kwa magwero ena, kusiyanasiyana kwake ndikothupatsa pang'ono. Pakati pa ma pollinators pali mapeyala amitundu Avgustovskaya ndi Lada.	Moperewera Pollator - Duchess peyala chilimwe
Kukula msanga	Zaka 3-4 mutabzala	Zaka 5 mutabzala	Chaka cha 5-6 mutabzala
Zimauma	Pamwamba pa mulingo wamba, malinga ndi VNIISPK (All-Russian Research Institute for Selection of Zipatso) - okwera	Zokhutiritsa	Pafupifupi pafupifupi, malinga ndi VNIISPK - okwera
Kulekerera chilala	Sikokwanira	Wokongola	N / a
Kukhazikika kwa Scab	Zosakhudzidwa	Otsika	Otsika
Kufotokozera kwa mwana wosabadwa	Maonekedwe a chipatsocho amakhala amtundu-wowoneka bwino, wokhala ndi nthiti pang'ono. Kulemera kwakukulu ndi magalamu a 125. Mtundu wa khungu ndi chikaso chopepuka ndi thunzi lalanje. Pamwamba pa mwana wosabadwayo ndi chonyezimira, pali malo ochepa owoneka. Zipatso zimakhala bwino panthambi, osagontha. Guwa limakhala lotsekemera, lamadzi, labwidi, lokoma ndi acidity pang'ono komanso fungo labwino.	Zipatso zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira osazungulira, okhala ndi nthiti. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa chipatso ndi magalamu 130-150. Panthawi yakuchotsa kukhwima, mtundu wa zipatso umakhala wobiriwira pang'ono. Munthawi yakukhwima kwa ogula, mtundu umakhala wobiriwira, wachikaso wonyezimira komanso wokutira. Guwa ndi wandiweyani, wamafuta pang'ono, wowutsa mudyo, wachifundo. Kununkhirako ndikokoma ndi wowawasa ndi kununkhira kwa muscat ndi fungo lokomoka.	Zipatso ndizazungulira-maumboni, zamtundu-wotambalala wamtundu, zazing'ono kukula kwake, zolemera magalamu 130-190. Panthawi yakuchotsa kukhwima, mtundu wa zipatso umakhala wobiriwira chikasu pang'ono pang'ono. Khungu limakhala lalifupi, lowala, lowonda. Mnofu ndi wowawasa, wokongoletsedwa wonyezimira, wonenepa. Imakhala ndi juiciness wapakatikati komanso kukoma kwapakati.
Kulawa	N / a	4.9 mfundo	N / a
Nthawi yakumwa	Kugwa koyambirira	Yophukira	Yophukira
Kusankhidwa	konsekonse	konsekonse	Mapiritsi osiyanasiyana, malinga ndi VNIISPK - konsekonse
Mayendedwe	Pamwamba	Pamwamba	N / a
Zopatsa	220 c / ha	40 makilogalamu pa mtengo uliwonse	20 kg kuchokera pa mtengo ali ndi zaka 7

Mawonekedwe a zipatso za peyala ya Memory ya Yakovlev ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati ngale, pang'ono pang'ono

Zoyipa zamitundu mitundu ndizosiyana zipatso komanso kupezeka kwa maselo a miyala ndi zipatso zambiri.

Kanema: mwachidule chithunzi cha mitundu ya Pamyat Yakovlev

Peyala Autumn Yakovleva

Nthawi zina zoterezi zimatchedwa Late Yakovleva kapena Zima Yakovleva, koma izi sizolondola. Zosiyanasiyana zidapezedwa ndikuwoloka peyala ya Belgot Berperot Esperin ndi peyala Dziweter Blankova. Zambiri zodalirika zamtunduwu sizokwanira, izi zimaperekedwa pano chifukwa chakuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Lyubimitsa Yakovleva yomwe idafotokozeredwa pansipa idapezanso kudutsa mitundu iyi. Munjira zambiri, mitundu iwiriyi ndiyofanana ndipo ilibe chochita ndi Memory ya Yakovlev kupatula olemba awo.

Zipatso za peyala ya Autumn Yakovlev zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osazungulira, ozungulira-nthomba

Zoyipa zamitundu mitundu ndizitali, zosakwanira chisanu ndikusagwirizana bwino ndi nkhanambo.

Ngale Yosakonda Yakovlev

Poyamba, mitundu iyi inali ponseponse m'minda yamapangidwe ndi mafakitale, koma mwachangu idayamba kutayika.

Wokondedwa wa Yakovleva amayamba kubala zipatso kwa zaka 5-6 mutabzala

Zoyipa za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndiz: kukoma kwapakati pa zipatso, kutengeka pang'ono, kupsinjika.

Momwe mungabzalale mapeyala amitundu mitundu ya Memory Yakovlev, amakonda kwambiri a Yakovlev, Autumn Yakovlev

Kupanga microclimate yabwino ndichinthu choyamba chomwe wolimi ayenera kusamalira akaganiza zobzala peyala pamalopo. Pokhapokha ngati izi, ntchito yake idzabweretsa zotsatira zomwe zikuyembekezeka. Peyala imakonda malo okhala ndi dzuwa, owongolera bwino okhala ndi madzi akuya pansi. M'madambo, pamavula, adwala, ndipo adzafa. Mphepo yozizira yakumpoto siyingabweretse mapindu - ndikofunika kutetezedwa mwa iwo ngati mitengo yakuda, mpanda kapena khoma la nyumba yomwe ili kumpoto kapena kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa malo omwe akufuna. Kuphatikiza apo, peyala iyenera kubzalidwa patali pang'ono ndi mpanda kapena mitengo kuti isawoneke pamthunzi. Ngati palibe chitetezo choterocho, ndiye kuti kwa nthawi yoyamba iyenera kumangidwa palokha. Kuti muchite izi, ikani mapanelo amatabwa ndi kupaka utoto woyera ndi matope a laimu. Zikopa zotere siziteteza mtengowo ku mphepo zamphamvu, komanso, zowala zowala bwino, zimawalitsa ndikuwotcha chomera chaching'ono. Kuti kukula kwabwinobwino komanso kupindika kwa peyala, dothi lotayirira lopanda mbali kapena acidic limafunika. Dothi la alkaline limathandizira kuti pakhale matenda ndipo ndilosavomerezeka kwa mapeyala.

Kodi mapeyala amabzalidwa mpaka pati?

Panthawi yobzala magulu a mitengo ya Lyubimitsa Yakovleva ndi Autumn Yakovleva, sitiyenera kuyiwala za kutalika kwawo. Chifukwa chake, mapeyala oterewa amabzalidwa ndikukhazikika kwa 44,5 metres, ndikuwona mtunda pakati pa mizere mkati mwa 5-6 metres. Kwa peyala yofooka yolimba pokumbukira Yakovlev, mtunda wa pafupifupi mamitala atatu ndi wokwanira mzerewo, ndipo masamba anayi atsala pakati pa mizere.

Mtunda pakati pa mapaundi ataliatali uyenera kukhala osachepera 4-4,5 m, ndi pakati pa mizere - 5-6 m

Peyala ikabzalidwa

M'madera omwe mitundu ya peyala yomwe idafotokozedwayo imabzalidwa, kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi nthawi yabwino yobzala. Sankhani nthawi yoti mbewu zisanayambe kumera, kutuluka kwamadzi sikunayambe, koma dothi laphwa ndipo linayamba kutentha. Nthawi zambiri nthawi imeneyi imakhala yochepa - pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Koma ngati muli ndi nthawi yoti mubzale mmera panthawiyi, ndiye kuti mizu yake imayamba bwino, kuyamba kukula ndikukula ndi kugwa, ipezanso mphamvu poyambira nthawi yachisanu.

Mukatenga mmera ndi chiyani ndipo mumaganizira kwambiri

M'malo mwake, mmera ungagulidwe mu nthawi ya masika, koma kumapeto kwa chisankho kusankha zinthu zofunikira kwambiri kubzala ndi zambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti mbewu zanyengo nthawi zambiri zimatulutsa kukumba kokumba, ndipo mbewu zomwe sizinasungidwe zimasungidwa mpaka kasupe. Chifukwa chake, ndikothekera kuti kasupe mbande ya zinthu zomwe sizifunike sizigulitsa kapena mbewu zabwino sizingotsalira.

Mbande yabwino imamveka kuti ili ndi mizu yolimba komanso makungwa osalala popanda kuwonongeka ndi ming'alu. Ndikwabwino ngati mmera uli ndi chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Zaka zitatu ndi okulirapo zimakula kwambiri, kenako zimayamba kukula ndipo kenako zimabala zipatso.

Mbewu za peyala ziyenera kukhala ndi mizu yolimba

Mbande yokhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa imatha kukhala ndi zaka 3-5, ndipo itha kubzalidwe nthawi iliyonse - kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala.

Zing'onoting'ono zomwe zimagulidwa m'dzinja zimakumbidwa pansi mpaka kumapeto - kotero zimasungidwa bwino. Kuti muchite izi, m'mundamu muyenera kukumba dzenje lomwe mulifupi mwake masentimita makumi atatu. Thirani mchenga pang'ono, momwe mmerowo udayikidwira ndi mizu yake pansi, ndipo pamwamba pake umayikidwa m'mphepete mwa dzenjelo. M'mbuyomu, mizu imapinda mu yankho la mullein ndi dongo. Kenako mizu imakutidwa ndi mchenga ndikuthilira ndi madzi, ndipo poyambira nyengo yozizira, dzenjelo limadzaziratu ndi dziko lapansi. Mutha kusunga mmera mupansi, ngati alipo. Muyenera kukhala otsimikiza kuti kutentha kwa mpweya pamenepo kuzikhala mu 0-5 ° C.

Saps zomwe zidagulidwa m'dzinja zimakumbidwa pansi mpaka kumapeto - kotero zimasungidwa bwino

Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono pobzala peyala

Mosasamala za mitundu, magwiritsidwe ake ndi motere:

Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera dzenje. Zachidziwikire, kuti muchite bwino pakugwa - sizokayikitsa kuti kasupe azikhala ndi nyengo zabwino izi masabata 2-3 asanafike. Chifukwa chake:
1. Akufunika kukumba dzenje. Kukula kwake kumatsimikiziridwa potengera chonde m'nthaka. Kuwononga nthaka, wokulirapo dzenjelo. Pazowonda wamba, mulifupi mwake masentimita 80 ndi kuya kwamasentimita 70 ndi koyenera. Pamadothi amchenga amapanga maenje okhala ndi voliyumu ya 1-2 m³.
2. Pamaso pa dothi lachonde, lokhala ndi chinyontho, limayikidwa pambali kuti ligwiritsenso ntchito mtsogolo.
3. Popewa kukokoloka kwa madzi panthaka zolemera, muyenera kupakidwa dambo. Kuti muchite izi, zinyalala, dongo zokulitsidwa, ndi njerwa zosweka zimathiridwa pansi pa dzenjelo. Kukula kwamtundu - masentimita 10-15. Ngati dothi lamchenga, ngalande zimasinthidwa ndi nyumba yadongo yofanana makulidwe, yomwe imathandizira kuti chinyontho chisafe.
4. Pambuyo pake, dzazani bowo kumtunda ndi msanganizo wa michere, womwe umakonzedwa kuchokera ku chernozem, peat, humus ndi mchenga, wotengedwa chimodzimodzi. Komanso magalamu 300-400 a superphosphate ndi malita 3-4 a phulusa la nkhuni amawonjezeranso osakaniza.
5. M'nyengo yozizira, dzenje liyenera kuphimbidwa ndi zinthu zounikira, filimu, masisitilo, ndi zina zotere.
Chapakatikati, nthawi yakakwana yoti abzale, amakumba mmera (iwo amatulutsa pansi) ndikuufuza. Ngati zonse zili bwino ndi iye, mizu imanyowa kwa maola angapo m'madzi ndikuphatikizidwa kwa Heteroauxin, Kornevin, Epin kapena zina zoyambitsa mizu.
Asanabzala, mizu ya peyala mbande imanyowa kwa maola angapo m'madzi
Tsegulani dzenjelo ndipo pakatikati pake pangani dzenje kukula kwa mizu ya mmera. Mulu waung'ono umapangidwa mu dzenje, ndipo masentimita khumi mpaka khumi ndi asanu kuchokera pakati amayendetsa mtengo wamitengo 100-130 masentimita okwera kumtunda.
Tsitsani mmera pazenera kuti khosi mizu ikhale pamwamba, ndipo mizu imangowongoka.
Amayamba kubwezeretsa mizu, kusinja nthaka m'magulu.
Zotsatira zake, khosi la mizu liyenera kukhala pamlingo wa dothi - izi ndizofunikira.
Pomwe dzenje ladzaza - mangani mmera pachikhomo ndi chilichonse. Ndikwabwino kuchita izi ngati "eyiti" kuti musawononge khungwa.
Chogudubuza chimapangidwa mozungulira kuzungulira dzenje, chomwe chimasunga madzi nthawi yothirira. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika ndi wodula ndege kapena wowaza.
Chotsatira, muyenera kuthirira mtengo wachichepere ndi madzi kuti sipangakhale thovu lakuchotsera m'nthaka komanso moyandikana ndi mizu.
Thirirani mbande zambiri kuti pasapezeke mpweya wokhazikika muzu
Pomwe pansi pa thunthu lizikauma, liyenera kumasulidwa ndikuphimbidwa ndi mulch wokhala ndi makulidwe 5-8 masentimita. Pazifukwa izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito msipu, udzu wovunda, kompositi, nthambi zina ndi zina zokulira.
Mukathirira mmera, dothi limamasulidwa ndikunyentchera.
Dulani wochititsa wamkulu wa mmera kutalika kwa masentimita 60-80, ndipo nthambi zimafupikitsidwa ndi 40-50%.

Maonekedwe a kulima ndi zochenjera za chisamaliro

Mapeyala amafunika njira zodziwika bwino zaulimi: kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kudulira. Tikuwona zina za magawo awa.

Kuthirira

Kulekerera chilala, monga momwe tafotokozera pamitunduyi, sikulimba kwambiri kwa Yakovlev ndi mitundu ina iwiriyi. Chifukwa chake, ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi, masiku 20-30. Kutsirira koyamba kwa nyengo nthawi zambiri kumachitika maluwa a peyala asanakhale, ndipo omaliza mu Okutobala. Mukamamwetsa madzi, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena:

Kuzama kwa chinyezi cha dothi kuyenera kukhala 25-30 sentimita.
Thunthu la mtengowo usanathiridwe ndikuwazidwa ndi lapansi kuti zisawonongeke ndi madzi. Chifukwa chake pewani kuzula khosi la khosi.
Mukathirira, dothi liyenera kumasulidwa kuti lipereke mpweya m'mizu.
Kulowetsa dothi la thunthu kumakupatsani mwayi kuti musunge chinyontho nthawi yayitali ndikuwonjezera nthawi pakati pa kuthirira.
Muyenera kuunikira momwe multing wosanjikiza - slugs ndi raspberries amatha kudziunjikira. Poterepa, mulch imachotsedwa, tizirombo timawonongeka, dothi limaphwa. Mulching akhoza kuyambiranso yotsatira kuthirira.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Patatha zaka 3-4 mutabzala, osakaniza michere mdzenje lobzala ayamba kutha. Ndipo pofika nthawi imeneyi, zipatso zimayamba kukhala pa Memory of Yakovlev, zomwe zimafunikira zakudya zina zowonjezera. Kuyambira pamenepo, kuvala pamwamba ndizofunikira pachaka.

Feteleza zachilengedwe (kompositi, humus, peat) zimayikidwa mu kasupe kuti kukumba ndi nthawi 2-3. Monga lamulo, ma kilogalamu 5-7 a feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito masentimita angapo a thunthu.
Nthawi yomweyo, koma chaka chilichonse, feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni amamuyambitsa (ammonium nitrate, urea, nitroammophoska, etc.). Zakudya zawo ndi 20-30 g / m².
Pa kukula kwamphamvu kwa achinyamata mphukira ndi zipatso, feteleza wa potashi wa potaziyamu (potaziyamu sulfate, potaziyamu). Zimasungunuka m'madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuthirira mtengowo. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza - 10-20 g / m².
Superphosphate imawonjezedwa kuti ikumbe kukugwa kugwa pa 20-30 g / m².
Kuphatikiza apo, pofuna kuthandizira mmera pakubala zipatso, umadyetsedwa kawiri mpaka katatu ndi infusions wa organic. Kuti muchite izi, ikani malita awiri a mullein kapena lita imodzi ya zitosi za mbalame mu mbiya ndikuwadzaza ndi ndowa. Siyani pamalo otentha kwa masiku 5-7 kuti nayonso mphamvu, pambuyo pake umasefedwa ndikugwiritsira ntchito kudyetsa. Chidebe chamadzi chomwe chimasungunuka mu lita imodzi ya thunthu. M'malo mwa mullein, mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito zingwe, maudzu, udzu uliwonse pa kukula kwa kilogalamu 5-7 pa ndowa imodzi yamadzi.
Kuphatikiza paz feteleza zofunika, micronutrients amafunikira, kotero musaiwale za feteleza wamaaminidwe ovuta. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa.

Momwe mungadulira peyala

Pali mitundu inayi ikuluikulu ya kudulira - kuwumba, kuwongolera, kuthandizira komanso ukhondo. Malamulo akukhazikitsa kwawo amadalira kutalika kwa mtengowo, mawonekedwe ndi kupindika kwa korona. Zosiyanasiyana Autumn Yakovleva ndi Favorite ya Yakovleva ndi ofanana - onse ali ndi mtengo wamtali wokhala ndi korona yachilendo. Chifukwa chake, kufotokozera kwamtundu wamtunduwu kuphatikizidwa.

Mapangidwe korona wa peyala pokumbukira Yakovlev

Popeza mtengo wamitundu iyi ndi yaying'ono, timagwiritsa ntchito popanga bwino mbale. Fomuyi imapangitsa kuwunikira bwino kwamkati mwa korona ndi mpweya wabwino. Imathandizira kusamalira mitengo ndikututa. Malangizo pang'onopang'ono a mbewu yopanga akuwoneka motere:

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, zaka ziwiri kapena chimodzi mutabzala, yang'anani mtengo ndikusankha nthambi zitatu kapena zinayi zolimba pa izo, zomwe zili kutali ndi masentimita 15 mpaka 20 kuchokera pa mzake. Nthawi yomweyo, ayenera kukula mbali zosiyanasiyana. Awa ndi nthambi zamtsogolo za chigoba.
Dulani mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 30 mpaka 40.
Nthambi zina zonse zimadulidwa kotheratu.
Woyendetsa wapakati amadulidwira pamunsi pa nthambi yapamwamba.
Pambuyo pazaka 1-2, amayamba kupanga nthambi zachiwiri. Kuti muchite izi, pa nthambi iliyonse ya chigoba, mphukira ziwiri zimasankhidwa zomwe zili pamtunda wa masentimita 50-60 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 40-50.
Nthambi zina zonse zachikopa zimachotsedwa.
Mtsogolomo, korona wamtengowo adzaonda kwambiri, zomwe zimafunikira kudulira kwachaka, komwe kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe pochotsa gawo la mphukira yomwe ikukula mkati mwa korona. Amachita izi mopyola malire, popeza kudulira kwambiri kumafuna kuchepa pang'ono.
Kupangidwe kwa korona monga mbale yosinthika kumapangitsa kuwunikiridwa bwino kwa voliyumu yamkati ya korona ndi mpweya wake

Mapangidwe a korona wa mapeyala Autumn Yakovleva ndi Yakovlev's Favorite

Kwa mapeyala awa, chifukwa cha kutalika, ndizomveka kuyika kupangika korona. Kuchita izi ndizovuta kuposa chikho chowumbidwa ndi chikho, koma ndikufikika kwa msungi wa novice. Kuti muchite izi, phunzirani mosamala malangizo a pang'onopang'ono:

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pa chaka cha 2-3 mutabzala, muyenera kusankha nthambi zamtsogolo zitatu za mtengo woyamba. Kuti izi zitheke, nthambi zomwe zimakhala ndi masentimita 15-20 ndizoyenera, ndipo m'munsi ziyenera kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 40 kuchokera pansi. Nthambi izi zimadulidwa mpaka kutalika 30 cm sentimita.
Nthambi zotsala zimachotsedwa, ndipo wochititsa wapakati amadulidwamo kotero kuti amatalika masentimita 20-30 kuposa nthambi za chigoba.
Pambuyo pazaka 1-2 kupitirira nthambi za gawo loyambirira, gawo lachiwiri la nthambi za chigoba limapangidwa molingana ndi mfundo yomweyo.
Pofika nthawi imeneyi, nthambi zina zinali zitamera kale m'nthambi za mtengo woyamba. Mwa iwo amapanga nthambi zachiwiri za zidutswa za 1-2 pa nthambi iliyonse yachigoba, zina zimadulidwa. Mtunda pakati pa nthambi zachiwiri kuti ukhale mkati mwa 50-60 sentimita ndikuwadula kutalika 30 cm.
Woyendetsa wapakati amafupikitsidwanso kotero kuti ali masentimita 30 mpaka 40 pamtunda wama nthambi.
Pambuyo pa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri zotsatira, gawo lachitatu komanso lomaliza la nthambi zamchibo limapangidwa malinga ndi algorithm yomwe idziwa kale.
Mapeto ake, wochititsa wapakati amadulidwatu pamwamba pa nthambi yapamwamba.
Popeza mitundu yomwe ikukhudzidwa siingakongoletse korona, ndiye kuti sangafunikire kudulira.

Pamene sparse-tier mapangidwe korona ayenera kutsatira mfundo kugonjera. Zili mu mfundo yoti nthambi za gawo lachitatu ziyenera kukhala zazifupi kuposa nthambi za gawo lachiwiri, ndipo zija ndizifupi zazifupi kuposa nthambi za gawo loyambirira.

Kwa mapeyala amitundu mitundu Autumn Yakovleva ndi Favorite wa Yakovleva, mapangidwe a korona wapakatikati amagwiritsidwa ntchito

Thandizani Maza

Kudulira uku ndikofunika mosasamala za mitundu ya peyala ndipo cholinga chake ndi kupitiliza zipatso zambiri. Izi zimatheka ndi kutchedwa kuti kupanga kwa mphukira zazing'ono, zomwe zimapangira pakufupikitsa ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Izi zimathandizira kuti pakuwonekera nthambi zokulira zomwe zipatso zimayikidwa. Njirayi imapezeka mosavuta kwa woyambitsa munda. Pambuyo pake, adzatha kudziwa njira yovuta kwambiri, yomwe imasinthira mphukira zobala zipatso m'malo mwa mphukira zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mtundu wa mphesa.

Olima odziwa zamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito njira yobwezeretsa mphukira zokhala ndi mphukira

Kudulira mwaukhondo

Chilimwe chilichonse, mosasamala za mtundu wa peyala, nthambi zowuma, zowonongeka komanso zodwala zimachotsedwa. Ngati pakufunika izi, ndiye kuti kudulira mwaukhondo kumabwerezedwa kumayambiriro kwamasika.

Momwe mungayichepetse bwino mapeyala

Mitundu yonse yomwe ili pamwambayi iyenera kuchitika potsatira malamulo onse:

Ma Hacksaw, secateurs, othimbirira, mipeni iyenera kuwongoledwa musanadule.
Komanso chida chodulira chikuyenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwachitsanzo:
- 1% yankho la mkuwa sulphate;
- 3% yankho la hydrogen peroxide;
- 3% yankho la potaziyamu permanganate;
- mowa, etc.
Pambuyo pakuchepetsa, mfundo ndi hemp sizingasiyidwe. Pambuyo kuyanika, ayamba kuvunda ndikukhala otentha kwambiri matenda oyamba ndi fungus, komanso pothawirapo tizirombo. Mukadula nthambi, gwiritsani ntchito njira ya "mphete".
Kudula nthambi kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya "mphete"
Magawo onse, m'mimba mwake momwe amapitilira mamilimita khumi, ayenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi mpeni ndikuphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa var vars.

Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuti asamagwiritse ntchito ma vars m'munda ozikidwa pa petrolatum kapena zinthu zina zamafuta, chifukwa izi zimapweteketsa mbewu. Pali mankhwala omwe amachokera pazinthu zachilengedwe (lanolin, njuchi) - ayenera kusankhidwa.

Matenda ndi tizirombo - oyimilira akuluakulu ndi njira zoyendetsera

Pamodzi ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito zoyambilira zaulimi, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mapeyala amatha kuthana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo tina. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kuyembekezera mavuto ngati amenewa, koma munthawi yogwira ntchito yoyeretsa komanso yoteteza.

Kupewa

Gwiritsani ntchito kupewa matenda ndi tizirombo tambiri nthawi zambiri timathandiza kupewa matenda oyamba ndi tizirombo komanso kupewa tizilombo.

Gome: mitundu ya ntchito yokonza m'munda

Mitundu ya ntchito	Njira ndi njira zophera	Mitu	Zomwe zimatheka
Kukonza yozizira m'munda. Masamba onse ogwa, namsongole, nthambi, ndi zina zotere zimasonkhanitsidwa. Zonsezi zimawotchedwa, ndipo phulusa lomwe limapezedwa ndi izi limasungidwa kuti ligwiritse ntchito ngati feteleza.		Ogasiti - Novembala	Kuwononga kwa bowa ambiri tizirombo touluka
Mitengo yoyera	Limu yosenda imasungunuka m'madzi, 3% ya mkuwa wa sulfate kapena Bordeaux umawonjezeredwa. Mitengo yamtengo ndi nthambi za mafupa zimayeretsedwa ndi njirayi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wapadera wa dimba pazolinga izi.	Ogasiti - Novembala	Kupewa khungwa. Kupanga zopinga tizirombo touluka.
Kukumba mitengo ikuluikulu kuzungulira fosholo. Nthawi yomweyo, zigawo za dothi zimatembenuzidwira kuti ziziwonjezera tizilombo pansi, zomwe zimakonzedwa kuti zizigwiritsa ntchito nyengo yachisanu pamwamba.		Novembala	Tizilombo tambiri tomwe timayambira pansi timafa chifukwa cha chisanu chotsatira
Blue vitriol chithandizo	Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 3% yankho lamkuwa wamkuwa wamtengo ndi dothi lozungulira	Novembala, Marichi	Kupewa bowa ndi tizirombo
Chithandizo cha mankhwala ophera tizilombo	Kamodzi pazaka zitatu zilizonse, korona zamitengo zimapoperedwa ndi DNOC. Zaka zina - Nitrafenom.	Marichi	Kupewa bowa ndi tizirombo
Kukhazikitsa kwa malamba osaka	Pa mitengo ikuluikulu masentimita 30 mpaka 40 kuchokera pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, malamba osaka amaikapo, omwe amatha kupanga kuchokera pazinthu zotsogola - zounikira, filimu, burlap, tarpaulin, ndi zina.	Marichi	Zitsamba zimalepheretsa kukwawa pa chisoti chazovala, nyerere, mbozi ndi tizirombo tina
Systemic fungicide mankhwala	Pakupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse, makonzedwe omwe anayesedwa Skor, Chorus, Quadris ndi ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amayamba kukonza atatha maluwa kenako kubwereza ndi kutalika kwa masabata awiri. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mankhwala onse a antifungal ndi osokoneza bongo ndipo nthawi zambiri amalephera kugwira ntchito atalandira chithandizo cha mankhwala atatu. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa ayenera kusinthidwa. Nthawi yokolola isanafike, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe nthawi yawo yodikirira ndi yochepa. Mwachitsanzo, Horus amakhala ndi nthawi yodikirira masiku 7, Quadris - masiku 5 asanadye chipatsocho.		Kupewa komanso kuchiza matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi
Mankhwala othandizira tizilombo	Mu kasupe ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, munthawi yamaulendo agulugufe ndi ntchentche, Decis ndi Fufanon amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mtsogolomo, amasinthana ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga Iskra, Iskra Bio ndi ena.		Kupewa ndi kufafaniza tizirombo touluka

Matenda A peyala Omwe Amakhudzidwa

Pear of Memory of Yakovlev ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira chambiri, ndipo mitundu Autumn Yakovleva ndi Lyubimitsa Yakovleva ali ndi matenda. Komanso mapeyala amathanso kukhudzidwa ndi matenda ena oyamba ndi fungus. Monga lamulo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zomwe zafotokozedwazo kupewa kumapewetsa matenda, chifukwa chake tidzangotchulira nyakulayo kwa omwe akuimira, popanda kupita tsatanetsatane wake.

Scab

Ndiye matenda ofala kwambiri a mapeyala ndi mitengo ya maapulo. Amawoneka ndi mapangidwe a mawanga a bulauni kumaso kwa masamba, kenako masamba amawonekera kale pamitengo, pang'onopang'ono imasandulika owonongeka. Khungu limayamba kusweka, ndipo zolimba, zimasanjika mawonekedwe. Zipatso zimayamba kukhala zosatheka.

Mapeyala Autumn Yakovleva ndi zomwe amakonda a Yakovlev nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi nkhanambo

Moniliosis

Moniliosis ndimatenda oyamba omwe samakhudza peyala yokha, komanso mitengo ina yazipatso. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amapezeka nthawi ya maluwa - njuchi zimabweretsa miyendo ya pathogen limodzi ndi mungu. Zikuwonekeratu kuti maluwa amakhudzidwa makamaka. Kenako fungusyo imafalikira kudzera pestle ndi mapesi kuti mphukira ndi masamba. Magawo onse a chomera amalandila kutentha kotchedwa Monilial burn. Zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndimtundu wa peyala zimayamba kuzimiririka ndikuchita khungu. Kuwona izi, muyenera kudula pomwepo mphukira ndi kutenga ziwalo zotalika 20-30 sentimita. Pambuyo pa izi ndi mankhwala a fungicide. M'chilimwe, mafangayi amapatsira chipatso, ndikupangitsa matenda monga imvi kapena zowola zipatso.

M'chilimwe, moniliosis imakhudza zipatso za peyala, zimayambitsa matenda monga imvi kapena zowola zipatso.

Sopo bowa

Mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe, pamene nsabwe za m'madzi zimakonda kuwonekera pazomera, peyala imatha kukhudzidwa ndi bowa wa sooty. Izi ndichifukwa choti zobisika zotsekemera za aphid ndi malo osungirako fungus. Utoto wofiirira wonyezimira umawoneka pamasamba ndi zipatso za peyala, zomwe pambuyo pake zimadetsa, zokhala ngati mwala. Choyamba, ndikofunikira kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, ndipo fungicides ithandiza kuthana ndi bowa omwe wawonekera kale.

Pamasamba ndi zipatso za peyala yomwe yakhudzidwa ndi bowa, kumayala zoyera kwambiri, komwe kenako kumadetsa,

Mwina tizirombo ta Peyala

Monga tanena kale, njira zodzitchinjiriza ndizothandiza kwambiri pakuwongolera tizilombo. Ndipo kwenikweni, kwachedwa kwambiri kulimbana ndi gulugufe pomwe mbozi zayamba kale kutulutsa mazira ndi kulowa zipatso. Kumanani ndi "okonda" akulu kuti mudye zipatso ndi masamba a peyala.

Ma nsabwe

Ndizodziwika bwino kuti nsabwe za m'makona a mitengo zimanyamulidwa ndi nyerere, zomwe, monga bowa wa sooty, zimakonda kudya shuga wazakudya zazing'onozi. Monga lamulo, amapezeka pamphepete mwa masamba ndipo amadya kwawo. Pambuyo pake, masamba amapotoka ndipo chizindikirochi chimatha kupezeka ndikuwukira kwa aphid. Mankhwalawa atatha, mankhwalawa amalumikizana ndi mphamvu chifukwa mankhwalawo samalowa masamba opindika. Zimangotenga masamba osokonekera. Zikuwonekeratu kuti poyendetsa nyerere kuchoka pamalowo, wosamalira mundawo amachotsa nsabwe za m'masamba.

Ma nsabwe pa korona wa peyala amanyamulidwa ndi nyerere

Njenjete

Gulugufe waung'ono, wokhala ndi bulawuni amaikira mazira m'nthaka. Mbozi zomwe zidatulukamo zimakwawira mumtengowo, kulowa mkati mwa zipatsozo, pambuyo pake zimatha kudziwika ndikuwoneka mabowo okhala ndi milulu yamiyamu. Zipatso zotere zimataya mtengo wawo wamalonda - zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera, kudula mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Chingwe cha njenjete chimalowera zipatso

Chikumbu cha peyala

Tizilomboti tikuyimira gulu la nyenyezi. Imabisala m'nthaka ya bwalo lamasamba ndikugwa masamba. Tizilomboti titaphulika bwino - mutayamba masika, zimayamba kukwawa pansi ndikukula korona wamtengo. Pakadali pano, nthawi zambiri masamba ndi maluwa amakhala asanaphuke, kotero kafadala amayamba kudya zamkati zamaluwa, kuterera mkati mwa masamba. Mtsogolo, amatha kudya timapepala tating'ono, ndi maluwa, ndi mphukira zazing'ono. Mlimi woganizira wamvetsetsa kale njira zomwe zingamuthandizire kupewa izi. Ngati kachilomboka kakuonekabe pamtengowo, ndiye kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yotentha, kukadali kotentha, vutoli lingathetse pongotenga kachilomboka pamanja. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe a kachilomboka kuti mukhale otentha kwambiri pamtunda wotsika. M'mawa, mpweya ukakhala kuti sunatenthe, mutha kuyala nsalu pansi pa peyala ndikugwedeza kachikumbuyo.

Ndikayamba masika, kafadala ka maluwa amatamba pansi ndikukula korona wamtengo

Ndemanga Zapamwamba

Pokumbukira za Yakovlev (ngakhale, chaka chatha cha yophukira wazaka 2), chisanu chikugwa.
Anina, Moscow
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Autumn Yakovleva amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi nkhanambo ndipo siwofatsa kwambiri nthawi yozizira ngakhale kumpoto kwa dera la Kaluga, kotero ndidazichotsa ...
AndreyV, Kaluga Region
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Autumn Yakovleva ndi peyala yokoma kwambiri komanso yokongola, nthawi zambiri imasanza, nkhanambo zimachitikanso. Mitundu iyi imasokonezedwa nthawi zambiri ndi mitundu ina ya Yakovlevsky kapena mafomu omwe sanadutse mitundu. Mzanga adampatsa zipatso zoyambirira kwa zaka 9, ndipo chaka chimenecho adazizira kwambiri. Mu korona wanga wakale katemera akukula, chaka chachisanu, sipanakhalepo maluwa panobe.
babay133, Tambov
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Kukumbukira kwa Yakovlev kumakhala kopanda kopangidwa konse. Kungochotsa mphukira. Ndili ndi peyala iyi, mosiyana ndi ena omwe ali ndi purosesa yapakatikati, koma imapanga korona woyala.
mlimi, dera la Ryazan
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Kuwerenga pagawoli ndemanga za ngale ya mitundu ya Pamyat Yakovlev, ndatayika. Ndili ndi Yakovlev Memory wazaka 18 zakubadwa kuyambira wazaka zitatu wobala zipatso nthawi zonse, mosiyana ndi mitundu 19 yoyesedwa. Ndinagulitsa mbande pafupifupi 600 zokumbukira Yakovlev m'chigawo changa - palibe zodandaula. Mwachilungamo, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti ili pamtunda wamakilomita 15 kuchokera kumunda wanga kuti wolima dimba yemwe ndi wazolawa adapeza nyengo yozizira.
Andrey Ilyushin, Pachelma, Penza Region
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Chilichonse ndichopepuka kwambiri kuchokera kukumbukira kwa Yakovlev. Maphunziro a hardiness yozizira ali pafupi kuyandikira. Mutha kukula m'dera lathu, koma m'minda yokhala ndi microclimate yopambana. Mwachitsanzo, m'munda wanga wozizira, kukumbukira kwa Yakovlev kumazungulira ndimawonekedwe osavuta malinga ndi chipale chofewa. Ndipo m'mundamo ndimangokweza mita 300, mmera wanga wokumbukira Yakovlev umakula bwino ndipo umabala zipatso. Mwini wakeyo akusangalala naye kwambiri. Kutentha pang'ono chabe nthawi yozizira, yomwe aliyense amasintha. Kuphatikiza apo, mitunduyi imakhala ndi kubadwanso modabwitsa ngakhale itazizira kwambiri. Zabwino zosiyanasiyana, koma osati aliyense.
AlexanderR, dera la Nizhny Novgorod
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Wokondedwa wa Yakovleva mu 2006 adayimilira--2, chaka chino adapatsa zipatso zambiri, koma chifukwa chachilala, zipatsozo zinali zochepa, koma kucha ngati kale (osati kale Seputembara 10) zouma komanso zokoma,
babay133, Tambov
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Ndili ndi P. Yakovlev, monga aliyense, osati wamtali, zipatso zazikulu zokongola za kavalidwe wamalonda, yowutsa mudyo, pang'ono pang'ono. Koma mzaka zina, kutsika kumachitika.
Marichi, dera la Moscow
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Re: Mukukumbukira Yakovlev, mitunduyi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti ichitike. Waphika peyala p.a. Chokoma kwambiri cha kupanikizana ndi ma compotes. Pa chithandizo cha kutentha, iyi ndi kalasi yabwino kwambiri.
yoan, syzran
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Peub Lyubimitsa Yakovleva sichifunika kwambiri, chifukwa idapatsidwa mphamvu ndi mitundu yatsopano. Autumn Yakovleva ndiyotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha kuthokoza kwakukulu ndi kukoma ndi kutengeka kwa chipatso. Mtsogoleri wa mitundu yomwe ikukambidwa ndi peyala ya Memory ya Yakovlev chifukwa cha machitidwe abwino - kudzipatsa mphamvu, kukhwima, chisanu