Lokoma chitumbuwa nthawi zonse amakhala abwino: ngakhale amawerengedwa kuti ndi chipatso choyambirira, kukoma kwake sikotopetsa, chifukwa chake mitundu yosachedwa ikufunika. Mmodzi wa iwo, wopangidwira gulu lapakati, ndi Bryanskaya pinki. Izi mosiyanasiyana chifukwa chakuzindikira kwawo kwatchuka kwambiri pakati wamaluwa amateur.
Kufotokozera kwa chitumbuwa chokoma cha Bryansk pinki
Zapita masiku oti chitumbuwa chotsekemera mkatikati mwa dziko lathu chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chipatso chapamwamba. Kwa zaka makumi angapo, zoyambilira komanso zoyambirira, mitundu yotsirizira ya chakudya chomwe mumakonda idakulidwa pano.
Chiyambi, dera lakula
Mukamva kuti zipatso zamatchuthi ku Lupine Institute, mumadabwa poyamba. Koma kunali komweko, ku All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine, yomwe ili mumzinda wa Bryansk, kuti si mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazipatso iyi yomwe idabadwa, komanso ma cherries atsopano, curators ... M'dipatimenti yolima zipatso, ntchito yosankha idachitidwa kale m'munda wamitengo yazipatso ndi mabulosi.
Lokoma chitumbuwa Bryanskaya pinki adawelenga pamaziko a mtundu wakuda wa Muscat ndi antchito a Institation M.V. Kanshina ndi A.I. Astakhov pafupifupi zaka 30 zapitazo. Zosiyanasiyana zidatumizidwa kukayezetsa boma mu 1987, ndipo kuyambira 1993 idalandira malo mu State Register of Kukula Okupambana kwa Russian Federation. Adalimbikitsa dera la Central, makamaka dera la Bryansk.
Nyengo ya dera la Bryansk ndi yofewa, chimodzimodzi ndi kumwera kwa dera la Moscow, m'malo ena kumwera kwa Central Russia. Pafupifupi nyengo yomweyo kumpoto kwa Ukraine ndi kumwera kwa Belarus. M'magawo onsewa, Bryanskaya pinki amamva bwino ndipo amatchuka ndi wamaluwa.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Bryanskaya pinki chitumbuwa mtengo wa sing'anga kutalika (osapitirira 3 metre), ali ndi korona wodziwika-piramidi, wokutira pakati. Kuwombera ndi kosalala, pafupifupi popanda ma bend, bulauni. Nthambi za 1st ili zimayang'aniridwa kumtunda kakang'ono. Masamba ndi akulu, komanso mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Kukaniza kwazizira ndikwambiri kwambiri. Izi zimagwira pamtengowo womwe, womwe umagwa nthawi yayitali kwambiri nyengo yamaluwa, ndipo maluwa omwe amatha kupirira chisanu chambiri, nthawi zambiri nthawi yamaluwa.
Bryansk pinki imamera ndi mtengo wokhala ndi anthu ochepa, womwe umathandizira kuthira korona ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda oyamba ndi fungus
Zosiyanasiyana nthawi zambiri zimalekerera chilala chambiri, chomwe, mwamwayi, sichimawonedwa kwambiri ku Central Russia. Amadziwika ndi kukanika kwakuchulukirachulukira kumatenda ambiri oyamba ndi kubola zipatso, koma amafunika kutetezedwa ku tizirombo tambiri: ntchentche za ntchentche, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi masamba. Amakhala ndi zipatso pamipanda ya maluwa komanso pa mphukira zazing'ono.
Nthawi ya maluwa ndi zipatso
Lokoma chitumbuwa Bryansk pinki imawonedwa ngati mitundu yakucha kwambiri yakucha. Limamasula, kuyambira pakati pa Meyi, kwanthawi yoyamba - mchaka chachisanu mutabzala mmera. Mu inflorescence nthawi zambiri 3 koma ang'onoang'ono oyera oyera owoneka bwino maluwa. Zosiyanazo ndizodzala zokha: popanda kupezeka kwa opanga mungu obzalidwa pafupi, zipatso zochepa zokha zimakhazikitsidwa pamtengo.
Mtunda woyenera kwambiri wamitengo yoyandikana nayo ndi pafupifupi mamitala 4, ukhoza kukhala mtundu wina uliwonse womwe ungagawidwe m'chigawo cha Bryansk, mwachitsanzo, Tyutchevka, Ovstuzhenka, Iput.
Zipatsozi sizipsa kale kuposa masiku omaliza a Julayi; Kukolola kwakukulu kumachitika mu Ogasiti. Zopatsa zambiri: pafupifupi 20 kg za zipatso zimakololedwa pamtengo wachikulire, kutalika kwake ndi 30 kg. Kuonjezera alumali moyo zipatso, amachotsedwa ndi mapesi, omwe ndi autali kutalika, amachotsedwa ku nthambi ndi zamkati mosavuta, popanda kutaya madzi. Ngati chitumbuwa sichikula, chitha kusungidwa mufiriji mpaka masiku 10-15.
Khalidwe la zipatso
Zipatso zotsekemera zamtunduwu ndizazunguliridwa, ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 2 cm, zolemera pafupifupi magalamu 5. Chikopa chake ndichopepuka, chili ndi utoto wofiirira mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, madontho alipo. Guwa ndi yowutsa mudyo, wachikasu mopepuka. Madziwo sakhala utoto. Fupa ndi laling'ono, sizophweka kupatukana ndi zamkati. Kulawa ndikokoma, kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kwabwino, operekera zipatso amapereka zipatso zatsopano pamasamba a 4.1.
Mtundu wa zipatso, zoona, ndi wa "aliyense," koma amawoneka oyambirira
Zipatso pa nthambi zokhazikika nyengo sizimasweka, kukhala ndi mayendedwe abwino. Cholinga cha zipatso ndi ponseponse: ndi zabwino zonse mwanjira zatsopano komanso m'njira zosiyanasiyana pokonzera: kupanikizana, ma compotes, kukonzekera kwa mandimu. Amalekerera kuzizira bwino.
Ubwino ndi zoyipa
Pazaka pafupifupi makumi atatu zakukhalapo kwake, mitunduyo idakwanitsa kuwonetsa momveka bwino mbali zake zabwino ndi zoyipa; ambiri, amadziwika kwambiri. Mwa zabwino zazikulu, akatswiri ndi amateurs amayimba:
- mtengo wophatikizika;
- kukana zovuta, kusamalira chisamaliro;
- kusowa kwa kubala zipatso ndi mayendedwe ake abwino;
- kulekerera kwapamwamba kwambiri;
- kukoma kwabwino kwa chipatso.
Monga zovuta nthawi zambiri zimadziwika:
- kufunika kwa kubzala ma pollinators;
- osati zipatso zokwanira;
- kupezeka, mu nyengo zina, mu kukoma kowawa.
Kubzala mitundu yamchere yamchere Bryanskaya pinki
Mukabzala zipatso zamtundu wa Bryanskaya pinki, mawonekedwe ake osiyanasiyana, makamaka, mochedwa zipatso, ayenera kukumbukiridwa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusankha madera omwe mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe kuunikira sikudzachepa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwazomera zilizonse muthunzi wa chitumbuwa. Kupanda kutero, kubzala kwa chitumbuwa kumakhala opanda kusiyana kwakukulu ndi mitundu ina.
Nthawi yayitali
Monga mukudziwa, zipatso zamwala nthawi zambiri sizilangizidwa kuti zibzalidwe yophukira, osachepera izi zimagwiranso ntchito pa msewu wapakati. Zowona, mbande zapano nthawi zambiri zimagulitsidwa mumiyala (yokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka); amakhulupirira kuti zingabzalidwe nthawi iliyonse. Komabe, pankhani yamatcheri, ndibwino kuti musakhale pachiwopsezo chotere mbande: mtengowo uyenera kukumana ndi nyengo yachisanu, mutakhala kuti mukudziwa bwino malo atsopano.
Chifukwa chake, ponena za nthawi yobzala, munthu akhoza kunena motsimikiza: Bryansk pinki iyenera kubzalidwa kokha mchaka. Kusunga nthawi kutengera nyengo: nthaka yomwe ili pamalowo iyenera kulephereratu, masamba oundana ayenera kupewedwa, koma masamba omwe ali pambewuyo ayenera kupumula kapena, makamaka, kutupa. Nthawi zambiri ku Central dera izi zimachitika theka loyamba la Epulo. Koma, zowona, ntchito yonse yokonzekera iyenera kuchitika pakugwa. Ngati munayenera kugula mmera mu kugwa, uyenera kuyikidwa m'manda m'mundamo mpaka kumapeto.
Kusankhidwa kwa tsamba
Mukamasankha malo obzala zipatso, muyenera kukumbukira kuti zipatsozo zimatha kuwulula manda awo pounikira dzuwa lokha. Chifukwa chake, mitengo yayitali kapena nyumba yayikulu siyenera kukula pafupi. Koma mipanda yaying'ono kapena nyumba zazing'ono ndizabwino, popeza chofunikira chachiwiri cha malo ndizotetezedwa ndi mphepo, makamaka kumpoto.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yofikira malo ndi malo otsika pang'ono a kum'mwera, popanda dambo kapena m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ngati palibe njira yotuluka, ndipo nthaka yam'madzi idutsa pafupi, mutha kumanga phiri lochita kupanga - phiri lotalika mpaka 50-70 cm. Dothi labwino kwambiri lamatcheri ndilopanda kanthu mchenga kapena loam yokhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso michere yambiri. Amasiyira pafupifupi mitengo itatu kupita kumitengo yoyandikana nayo, ndikubzala kwakukulu pakati pa mizereyo amapanga kanjira kakang'ono - mpaka 5 metres.
Poti mitengo idayatsidwa ndi dzuwa, amayesetsa kuwabzala momasuka komanso poyera
Dzenje
Popeza dzenjelo liyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale (kuti chilengedwe chithandizire kukhazikitsidwa), ndipo ndizosatheka kugwira ntchito ndi nthaka koyambirira kwamasika, imakumba m'dzinja. Ngakhale m'mbuyomu, ngati kuli koyenera, amakumba tsamba lonselo: izi zimachitika ngati zidakuliratu namsongole, kuchuluka kwa mitengo ndi zitsamba, etc. Ma rhizomes onse ayenera kuchotsedwa mosamala, ndipo nthaka yopanda chonde imachulukitsidwa nthawi yomweyo: mukakumba, ndowa ya humus ya 1 mita imayambitsidwa2.
Kuzama kwa dzenje kwa zotsekemera zotsekemera Bryanskaya pinki ndi 50-60 masentimita, kutalika ndi m'lifupi masentimita 70-80.Danga lakutsikira (20-25 cm) limatayidwa, ndipo chapamwamba, chonde, sakanizani bwino ndi feteleza ndikubwerera. Monga feteleza, amatenga ndowa ziwiri za humus, malita angapo a phulusa, ndi 100 g ya superphosphate pamadothi osauka. Panthaka dothi, limakuliririka ngati zingatheke: onjezani mchenga pang'ono, peat, ndikukumba dzenje mwakuya ndikupanga ngalande pansi (10-15 cm mwala wosweka kapena njerwa yosweka).
Nthawi zambiri, dongo limakhala m'matumba am'munsi, motero amamuunjikira mulu wina, kuti kenako amuchotse pamalowo.
Mutha kuyendetsa mtengo mpaka kufika pa mita imodzi pamwamba pa nthaka, kapena mutha kudikirira mpaka masika. Sikoyenera kuthirira zomwe zili dzenje nthawi yachisanu, koma ngati nthawi yophukira ili youma kwambiri, mutha kuthira zidebe zingapo za madzi kuti michereyo ipitilire m'nthaka, ndipo tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, osazengereza, atha kugwira ntchito.
Njira zopangira
Pogula mmera, ndibwino kusankha mwana wazaka ziwiri ndikuyang'ana mosamala momwe mizu yake imapangidwira kuti isapangidwe mopitilira muyeso. Kufika naye mchilimwe pamalopo, chitani izi.
- Ngati mizu yake yawonongeka, imadulidwa pamalo abwino, kenako mmera umathiridwa m'madzi kwa maola angapo. Ngati mulibe mphamvu yayikulu, ndikofunikira kuti mulowerere mizu, ndipo musanabzike, mumizidwa mu dothi.
Clay speaker - chinthu chodabwitsa chomwe chimalola mbande kuzika mizu mwachangu
- Mukachotsa dothi lochotsa dzenjelo, ikani manyowa kuti mizu yake ikhale yolimba komanso yopanda kupanikizika. Agawire wogawana pansi, m'mbuyomu, ngati sanachitepo poyambapo, poyendetsa mtengo wovala. Kwezani kapena chepetsani mmera kuti khosi la muzu lituluke pamwamba ndi masentimita angapo.
Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira khosi la mizu kuti pamapeto pake njirayi isadzadzaliridwe ndi dothi
- Pang'onopang'ono dothi limathiridwa dzenje mu dzenjelo kuti igawanikenso pakati pa mizu, osapanga voids. Nthawi ndi nthawi, nthaka imapangidwa ndi dzanja, ndipo kumapeto kwa njirayi - ndi phazi. Mosasamala koma mwamphamvu batani pamtengo ndi chingwe chofewa.
Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito "zisanu ndi zitatu" mukamamanga
- Ndowa ziwiri za 2-3 zimathiridwa pansi pa mmera, pambuyo pake zimabwezeretsa pansi, ndikuwonjezera dothi, ndikupanga chowombera m'mphepete mwa dzenjelo.
Ngati madzi amamwa mwachangu, kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kuchuluka.
- Chozungulira chingwe chimakhala ndi peat, humus kapena nthaka youma yopanga 4-5 cm.
Mukakumba thunthu, muyenera kuchoka pang'ono pa tsinde
- Ngati mmera ndi wokulirapo, nyamula kudulira koyamba: ndi kutalika kotalika mpaka mita 1, nthambi zammbali siziyenera kupitirira 50 cm.
Ngakhale mwana wazaka chimodzi amalimbikitsidwa kufupikitsidwa pang'ono pakubzala, ndipo kudulira zaka zingapo ndikofunikira
Kukula Zinthu
Mutabzala kale mizu, kuusamalira sikusiyana ndi kusamalira mitengo yamatcheri amitundu ina: ngakhale, mwina, ndizophweka kuposa nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, chitumbuwa chilichonse chofunikira chimafuna kuthirira mwadongosolo, koma Bryanskaya pinki yachulukitsa chilala, kotero kuyanika kwa nthaka kwakanthawi mozungulira sikukuwopsa kwambiri. Mwambiri, kuthirira moyenera kumafunikira mitengo mosalekeza, makamaka theka loyamba la chilimwe.
Nthawi zambiri, nyengo yokhazikika, kuthilira ndowa 6.7 zamadzi pamtengo uliwonse ndikokwanira, koma pakakhala chilala, kuthirira kungafunikenso sabata iliyonse, makamaka pakukweza zipatso. Kutsirira kumachepetsedwa masabata awiri 2-3 musanakolole, osamwetsa madzi pang'ono kugwa, pomwe chinyezi chochulukirapo chingalepheretse mtengowo kukonzekera yozizira. Koma kuthirira kwapanyengo yachisanu yozizira ndikofunikira.
Zaka zingapo mutabzala, mtengowo umawagaidwa ndi feteleza wobweretsedwa m'dzenjemo, kenako umafunika kudyetsedwa.
Nthawi zambiri, zolengedwa sizipereka ma cherries, zimagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa mchere.
Chifukwa chake, kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, kuti tithandizire kukula kwa mphukira yachinyamata pagawo loyandikira, 100-120 g (kwa mitengo ikuluikulu mpaka 200 g) ya urea yabalalika, mosachedwa kuyiyala m'nthaka. Mukatha kukolola mwanjira yomweyo, chitumbuwacho chimaphatikizidwa ndi phosphorous (200-300 g ya superphosphate) ndi potaziyamu (50-100 g wa feteleza aliyense wa potashi). Pambuyo pakuvala kwapamwamba, ngati nyengo ili youma, iyenera kuthiriridwa, kenako dothi limasulidwa ndikuchotsa namsongole.
Dulani yamatcheri mosamala kwambiri. Ngati m'zaka zingapo zoyambirira, kudulira kumachita ntchito zopanga korona, ndiye mutalowa mu fruiting pokhapokha njira zaukhondo zimachitika (nthambi zosweka ndi zouma zimadulidwa). Popeza kusiyanasiyana sikungakometse korona, kudulira kofunikira nthawi zambiri sikufunikira, koma ngati nthambi zopindika zamkati zimakula mkati, izi zimakonzedwa ndikudula mphete kapena kufupikitsa umodzi wawo. Pambuyo pochepetsa, ngakhale mabala ang'ono kwambiri amaphimbidwa ndi varnish yaminda.
Popeza Bryanskaya pinki sachita mantha ndi chisanu wamba, kukonza mtengo nthawi yozizira sikovuta. Masamba atagwa, masamba amawachotsa (amawotcha kapena amawatumiza kudzenje la kompositi), ndipo bwalo lobo limakumbidwa mosapeneka ndikuwazika ndi wokutira wazinthu zilizonse zonyansa. Isanayambike chisanu, chitumbuwa chimathiriridwa bwino ndipo thunthu ndi maziko ake nthambi zazikulu zimayeretsedwa, motero kuwateteza kuti asayake ndi dzuwa mu February ndi Marichi. Ndikofunika kuteteza thunthu kuchokera ku ma sheya pomumangirira ndi nthambi za spruce kapena ruberoid (mumitengo yaying'ono - yokhala ndi nayiloni). Momwe chipale chofewa chimagwera, chimaponyedwa mumtengo wozungulira.
Kuthambalala kwa mitengo kuyenera kuchitika chisanachitike nyengo yozizira: kuchokera pakuthambalala kwa kasupe kumveka - kukongola kokha
Matenda ndi tizirombo, chitetezero kwa iwo
Mitundu ya pinki ya Bryanskaya imadziwika ndi kukana kwambiri cococycosis, matenda oopsa kwambiri a fungus. Matenda ena mpaka pamlingo wina kapena wowopsa amatha kuwononga mbewu. Zodziwika kwambiri ndizo moniliosis ndi kleasterosporiosis.
Ndi moniliosis, mphukira zimayamba kumverera, kenako zimafota, ndipo imamera misempha pazipatso, kufalikira mofulumira kwambiri. Onse kupewa ndi kuchiritsa kumachitika ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 1% Bordeaux madzi (asanakhale maluwa ndi pambuyo pake, ndipo ngati matenda adapezeka - nthawi yomweyo). Nthambi zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri zimadulidwa ndikuwotchedwa. Ndi kleasterosporiosis, mawanga a brownish mawonekedwe oyamba pamasamba, kenako mabowo ang'onoang'ono amapanga m'malo mwake. Mu kasupe, matendawa amathandizidwanso ndi Bordeaux osakaniza (3% angagwiritsidwe ntchito masamba asanatsegulidwe), ndipo chilimwe mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito: nthawi zambiri Skor kapena Horus, malinga ndi malangizo omwe ali phukusi.
Moniliosis (zipatso zowola) - matenda omwe sikuti mbewu zokha zimafa, komanso mitengo imavutika
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri ta pinki wa Bryanskaya pinki:
- tsamba lamasamba (mbozi zimavulaza masamba ndi masamba, kenako zimasamba masamba ndi zipatso);
- ntchentche zamtchire (mphutsi zoyera zimawononga zipatso zomwe zimagunda ndikuvunda);
- chitumbuwa cha aphid (chimayamwa timadziti kuchokera masamba achichepere ndi mphukira).
Sikovuta kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pomwe sikokwanira. Amawopa yankho la sopo, kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa, tansy, mamba a anyezi, etc. Nthaka za Cherry zitha kuwonongeka mothandizidwa ndi nyambo (zitini zokhala ndi kvass kapena compote). Koma ndi kuchuluka kwa tizirombo tina, ndizovuta kuchita popanda mankhwala atizilombo.
Cherry ntchentche - ichi ndiye tizilombo, chifukwa cha mphutsi zomwe zipatso zake ndi "chowawa"
Popeza Bryanskaya pinki imacha kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mpaka kumapeto kwa June kumakhala koyenera, koma tiyenera kusankha zovulaza kwambiri kwa anthu.Komabe, olima munda nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Fufanon kapena Actellik, omwe ali m'makalasi owopsa a 3 ndi 2, motsatana, ngakhale osagwiritsa ntchito zida zoteteza. Izi ndizoletsedwa: kuvala chopumira komanso zovala zodzitetezera ndikusamala chitetezo chofunikira. Ndipo musanagule mankhwala, muyenera kuwerenganso mwatsatanetsatane, kuphatikiza malangizidwe a masiku angapo musanakolole.
Ndemanga Zapamwamba
Takhwimitsa Bryanskaya Pink. Pali kukoma kosangalatsa, kuchuluka kwa shuga acid ndi astringency. Mbalame sizimagwira kwenikweni chitumbuwa ichi chifukwa cha utoto. Kuuma kwa nyengo yachisanu m'mikhalidwe yanga kuli kotheratu. Kupanga ndi pafupifupi. Koma mwatsoka mitunduyo siyaku Europe (m'malingaliro mwanga! Koma muyenera kuyesetsa kuchita izi!
Uri
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=253&start=2355
Pokana kukaniza matenda oyamba ndi fungus ziyenera kumangidwa. Chaka chino, m'modzi yekhayo amene adagwira moniliosis, chifukwa cha Horus. Ndizotheka kuti ichi ndi chithunzi cha mtengo winawake, osati mitundu yonse, yomwe, mwachitsanzo, idawonongeka chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira komanso yamvula. Koma lolani uthenga wanga kuti ukhale ngati chikumbutso choti muyenera kuyang'ana nthawi yomwe ntchito zake zatha ngakhale titazigula m'masitolo akuluakulu. Kupumulako, ndimakhutira ndi zosiyanasiyana, popeza popanda zilonda za mtengowo panali pabwino kwambiri.
Arsenal
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=12814
Zipatso zapinki ndizocheperako poyerekeza ndi ma cherries wamba. Owala ngati sera. Kununkhira sikowala, ndipo ndinganene kuti sizowonekera, koma ndimakonda kwambiri ma cherries kotero kuti ndinalibe nthawi yoyang'ana pamene mafupa anali pambale ...
Ladyboy
//irecommend.ru/content/kak-budto-chereshnya-soedinilas-s-ranetkoi
Cherry Bryanskaya pinki zimacha kwambiri pamene pali zipatso zina m'munda. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'minda yamtchire chifukwa cha kudzipereka kwake pakukula ndi zipatso zabwino. Zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zidadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali, zidapeza otsatira ake m'chigawo cha Central komanso zigawo zomwe zili ndi nyengo yofananira.
