Ndi kukoma kwake, zofunikira za zipatso ndi chisamaliro chobiriwira chosachepera sichiri chotsika, ndipo m'njira zambiri zimaposa rasipiberi wake. Kuphatikiza apo, obereketsa ambiri adabzala mitundu yambiri yosasuntha, yomwe ndi mwayi wosakayikira wazikhalidwe. Imodzi mwa mitundu iyi - Navajo - idasankhidwa ndi asayansi azaulimi ku University of Arkansas. Tsopano ndiwotchuka osati pakati pa olima amateur aku America, amasankhidwanso ndi nzika zaku Russia za chilimwe.
Blackberry Navajo: Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu
Mabulosi akutchire ndi mbewu yobala zipatso kwambiri. Chimadzalidwa mosangalatsa pamalonda ndi mafakitale padziko lonse lapansi. Chomera chokhacho chofunikira kwambiri ndi mbewu yaminga yambiri. Chimodzi mwa ntchito za asayansi-obereketsa a University of Arkansas chinali kupanga zatsopano zomwe sizikhala ndi ma spikes. Izi zikuphatikiza mitundu ya Navajo yomwe idapezeka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 80 zapitazi.
Zipatso za mabulosi akutchire a Navajo sizokulirapo, kulemera kwawo kuyambira 4 mpaka 7 g
Poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ndi mabulosi ena akuda, zipatso za Navajo sizokulirapo, kulemera kwawo kumayambira 4 mpaka 7 g. Komabe, kukula kwakakulu kwa zipatso sikamalipidwa ndi zipatso zambiri zomwe zimacha pachitsamba chimodzi. Pafupifupi, chiwerengero chawo chimafika pafupifupi 500.
Navajo ndi dzina la fuko la India. Zosakanizidwa zonse za mndandanda wa mabulosi akuda, zomwe zimawonekera chifukwa chogwirira ntchito ndi akatswiri ochokera ku Arkansas, adalandira mayina awo polemekeza mafuko aku India. Mwa zina titha kudziwa mitundu Arapaho, Chiroki, Apache ndi zina.
Mphukira zakuda za Navajo zimakula molunjika. Kutalika kwake kupitirira 1.5 metres. Zipatso za glossy zimakhala ndi kakomedwe kakang'ono. Nthawi yakucha imakulitsidwa kwa mwezi umodzi, zipatso zimacha mu Ogasiti - koyambirira kwa Seputembala. Mabasi opanda minga, kotero kusonkhanitsa pamanja ndikosavuta komanso kopweteka. Zipatso ndizabwino kuti zizigwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, kuzizira kapena kupaka timbale, ma pie, zakumwa ndi zina zotero.
Mu nyengo, chitsamba cha Navajo cha Blackberry chimasanjidwa ndi zipatso
Gome: Makhalidwe a Navajo Blackberry
| Zizindikiro | Kufotokozera |
| Misa imodzi ya mabulosi amodzi | 4-5 g, zipatso payekha zimalemera mpaka 7 g |
| Maonekedwe a zipatso | Mwana wosabadwa wamfupi |
| Colouring | Chakuda |
| Lawani | Wotapira pang'ono, amaloza 4 kuchokera mwa 5 malinga ndi gawo lawoli |
Gome: Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa Navajo Blackberry
| Ubwino | Chidwi |
| Zodzilamulira (mungu wosafunikira). | Wosakanizidwa amafunafuna dzuwa ndi kutentha. |
| Zochulukitsa kwambiri, mutha kutola zitsamba 6 kuchokera kuthengo. | Zochulukitsa zimagwera nyengo yovuta (kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kochepa). |
| Chabwino mayendedwe a zipatso. Zamalonda ndi kukoma zimatenga pafupifupi masiku 5. | Ndi abale anu ochulukirapo. |
Kanema: kuunikiridwa kwa mitundu ya mabulosi akuda Navajo, Black Satin, Karaka Black, Ruben
Kubweretsa Nuances
Mtundu wakuda wa Navajo sukonzekera kusamalira, komabe uyenera kubzalidwa malinga ndi malamulo onse. Ngati mungasankhe malo abwino kwambiri ndi manyowa nthawi yobzala, mbewuyo imapatsa eni ake zipatso zonunkhira chaka chilichonse.
Sankhani malo
Posankha komwe kuli mabulosi akutchire pamalowo, wamaluwa ayenera kuwongolera zina mwazikhalidwe zawo. Blackberry ndi chomera chomwe chimakonda kuwala, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisankhe malo ake. Amakulanso bwino mumthunzi wocheperako, koma popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa, zipatsozo zimakula pang'ono ndipo mphukira zimatambalala.
Mabulosi akuda amalimbikitsidwa kuti abzalidwe mzere m'malo otentha
Tiyeneranso kukumbukiranso kuti mbewuyo siyilekerera chinyezi chambiri. Pamalo obzala mabulosi akutchire, kuya kwa pansi panthaka kuyenera kukhala osachepera 1 mita, apo ayi mbewuyo ingangofa. Mabulosi akutchire amaonedwa ngati mbewu yosakhazikika. Madera obzala mbande azitetezedwa kuti mphepo zisazizire pang'ono.
Bzalani mabulosi akutchire
Mosiyana ndi mbewu zina zomwe zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zibzalidwe m'dzinja, mbande za mabulosi akutchire zimabzalidwe bwino koyambilira kuti masamba a mitambo asatenthe nthawi yozizira.
Olima odziwa zamaluwa amalangiza kubzala mabulosi akuda mu mzere m'malire a malowo, ndikubwerera kuchokera pa mpanda 1.5 mita. Mtunda wa mita 1 uyenera kutsalira pakati pa mbewu zomwe zili pamzere, chifukwa wopanga Navajo ali ndi kuthekera kokumbukira.
Maenje obzala mabulosi akuda amakonzedwa masabata awiri isanakwane tsiku lomwe akuyembekeza
Maenje a mbande amakonzedwa masabata awiri tsiku lomaliza lodzala. Kumbani mabowo mwakuya ndi m'lifupi mwake masentimita 40. Chidutswa chophatikiza ndi nthaka (kumtunda kwachonde padziko lapansi kosakanikirana ndi humus kapena kompositi ndi feteleza wa mchere) chayikidwa pansi. Nthaka yopanda feteleza imathiridwa pamadzi kuti mizu ya mbandeyo “isatenthe”.
Malangizo a pang'onopang'ono podzala mabulosi akutchire
- Nyowetsani dziko lapansi mu dzenje lokonzekeretsa.
- Ikani mmera pakati ndikufalitsa mizu.
- Finyani mizu ndi dothi kuti mupeze kufalikira komwe kumayambira mphukira yayikulu kuposa 2-3 cm. Ngati mukuyiwalitsa, kuyamba kwa zipatso kungachedwe ndi chaka.
Kukula kwa impso kuyenera kukhala kwakuzama masentimita 2-3
- Kuzungulira mbande, pangani mabowo, chinyowa ndi mulch ndi humus kapena utuchi wosoka.
- Mabulosi akuda amapereka zochulukirapo ndipo amatha kulanda madera ena kanthawi kochepa, chifukwa chake, kubzala kuyenera kukhala kochepa pofukula ma slate motsatira mzere, ndipo izi siziyenera kuchitika kuchokera kumbali ya tsamba lanu, komanso kufupi ndi mpanda.
- Thamangitsani msomali pafupi ndi tchire lililonse, komwe mumangiriza mphukira zazitali. Kapenanso kupanga trellis pokumba m'mizerezo m'mbali mwa mzere ndi kukoka mizere iwiri ya waya kutalika kwa 50 cm ndi 1 mita kuchokera pansi.
Mphukira za mabulosi akutchire ndizambiri, motero amafunika kuthandizidwa
Malamulo Osamalira
Ukadaulo waulimi wa Navajo mabulosi akuda ndiwosavuta. Ngati munabzala mbewu mogwirizana ndi malingaliro ake, ndiye kuti chaka chamawa zipatso zoyambirira ziziwoneka, ndipo mchaka chachisanu baka la Navajo lidzapereka zokolola zazikulu kwambiri. Ntchito zikuluzikulu za wosamalira mundawo ndikadzakulitsa mbewuyo ndikupanga tchire, kuthirira yambiri ndikukonzekera nyengo yachisanu.
Kuyambitsa
Chomera chobiriwira ndi chomera cholekerera chilala, koma chimafuna chinyezi nthawi yamaluwa ndi zipatso. Malita 10 amadzi akuyenera kuthiridwa pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse ngati mvula ikalibe nthawi imeneyi. Zindikirani kuti mabulosi akutchire samaloleza chinyezi chambiri.
Kudulira tchire
Mabulosi akutchire amakhala akhama popanga mphukira, zomwe zimakulitsa mapesi ndikuletsa mapangidwe a zipatso. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe ichi, tchire liyenera kuyamba kudulira chaka chachiwiri mutabzala. Pali njira zingapo zopangira tchire la mabulosi akutchire - kusankha komwe munthu angagwiritse ntchito kutengera malo omwe adalamo ndi zomwe wokonda wamundawo azigwira.
Mabulosi abulu amapereka zochuluka, kotero chitsamba chimayenera kudulidwa chaka chilichonse
Wopanga mawonekedwe
Kudulira kumachitika mu kugwa. Dulani mphukira zonse kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa chitsamba. Mbali iliyonse, mphukira 3 za zipatso zimasiyidwa, ndipo pakati zonsezo zimadulidwa, kusiya masamba atatu atsopano.
Mapangidwe a ikamatera ndi zingwe
Ndi njirayi, mphukira zopatsa zipatso zimayikidwa pa waya, ndipo zitsinde zonse zomwe zimamera kunja kwa mzere zimadulidwa kwathunthu. Mphukira zatsopano 3-4 zatsalira pakatikati pa chitsamba.
Kusintha
Mphukira zokhala ndi zipatso zimayendetsedwa ndi mafunde pamzere wambiri, ndipo achichepere amapanga lachiwiri. Pambuyo pakupanga zipatso, mzere woyamba udulidwamo, ndipo mphukira zatsopano zimakhala nthambi za chaka chamawa.
Kuyika mphukira zomwe zikula ndikukula zipatso zimathandizira kusamalira mbewu ndi kututa.
Kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu
Blackberry Navajo ndi mbewu yophimba. Akuwombera masamba atagwa ayenera kumangidwa ndikugwada pansi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muziwayika kumtunda ndi nthambi za spruce kapena zofunikira zopanda nsalu.
Kumbukirani kuti mphukira zakuda sizowoneka bwino ndipo zimatha kusweka mosavuta zikagwada pansi.
Ena wamaluwa amalangiza kuyala mabulosi akuda pansi ndi trellis. Kuti muchite izi, mizati imachotsedwa pansi ndikuyika pamodzi ndi mphukira. Njira iyi imakuthandizani kuti muteteze zitsamba za brittle kuti zisawonongeke.
Kanema: Zinthu Zosamala Za Blackberry
Zokhudza tizirombo ndi matenda
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuswana ku America, kuphatikiza Navajo, imalembedwa kuti imagwirizana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda wamba. Ngakhale nsabwe za m'masamba ndi ma ndulu zimawonongeka kawirikawiri. Komabe sichingakhale chopusa kukumbukira zovuta ndi tizilombo zomwe zimakwiyitsa chikhalidwe.
Gome: Matenda wamba a mabulosi akutchire komanso tizirombo toyambitsa
| Tizilombo / matenda | Momwe mungadziwire | Momwe angamenyere | Kodi muyenera kuchita ndi mankhwala |
| Wamba kangaude mite |
| Kuti mupange kulowetsedwa kwa fodya, adyo kapena anyezi ndi kuwonjezera ndi sopo wochapira. Chitani zingapo zochizira limodzi ndi masiku 7. | Poyamba chizindikiro cha tizirombo. |
| Chingwe chakuda | Zipatsozo ndi zopunduka. | ||
| Tizilombo ta rasipiberi |
| Chitani tchire ndi Actellik kapena Fufanon (yankho limachitika mogwirizana ndi malangizo). Chulukani 2 ndikumera kwa masiku 10. |
|
| Seporia | Malo owoneka ngati dzimbiri kapena amtambo wonyezimira omwe amakhala ndi malire achikaso pamaso a masamba. | Spray gooseberries ndi 1% Bordeaux madzi (2-3 malita pach chitsamba chilichonse). |
|
| Powdery mildew | Utoto wokutira koyera umawoneka masamba, masamba, mazira, zipatso. | Thirani tchire ndi madzi otentha (malita 2-4 pach chitsamba chilichonse). | Pambuyo pake chisanu chimasungunuka kumayambiriro kwamasika. |
| Spray ndi fungicide Oxychol, Vectra, Fundazole (1-2,5 malita pach chitsamba chilichonse). |
| ||
| Anthracnose | Masamba a bulauni ang'onoang'ono amawonekera pamasamba. Masamba amasamba amakhala osalala ndipo amakhala otuwa, kenako kupindika ndi kugwa. | Utsi chitsamba ndi dothi pansi pake ndi yankho la mankhwala Skor (20 ml pa 10 malita a madzi). |
|
Pofuna kupewa kufalikira kwa tizirombo ndi matenda, kumapeto kwa nthawi yolima, mbande zomwe zimaphulika, komanso nthambi zomwe zimawonongeka kwambiri ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, ziyenera kudulidwa ndikuwotchedwa.
Zithunzi Zojambula: Tizilombo ndi Matenda a Blackberry
- Malo owotcha pamasamba a mabulosi akutchire - chizindikiro cha septoria
- Mukadwala ndi anthracnose, mawanga a bulauni amawoneka pamtengowo
- Powdery mildew matenda ndiosavuta kuzindikira ndi mawonekedwe oyera ating kuyanika
- Tizilombo ta rasipu timawononga tchire ndipo timataya mbewu
- Mbewu ikawonongeka ndi kangaude, masamba ake amathanso kugwa
Ndemanga za Navajo Blackberry
Mabulosi anga akuda ndikubzala Thornfrey masika omaliza ndipo Navajo adadzala uyu adapatsa masamba. Makhoza kale kutulutsa, ndinawaonana komaliza Lamlungu. Thornfrey adatulutsa mphukira yayikulu; amuna awo amawagwadira pansi ndikuwateteza ndi mtengo. Komabe, iwo akukweza m'mwamba. Ngati Yakimov wolemekezeka sangakhumudwe, ndifunsa amuna anga kuti abwereze njirayi. Ndikuyembekezera mphukira kuchokera ku Navajo, kotero ndingathe kuzikonzanso. Pa Navaja yofooka, masamba ayenera kudulidwa, koma ndikufuna kwambiri kuyesa. Kukugwa mvula yambiri, humus idayikidwa pansi pake, ndikhulupirira kuti ipanga zipatso zina, zonsezo ndikukula ndikukonzekera nyengo yachisanu.
Vesnyanka//dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t12086-100.html
Zabwino kwambiri komanso Navajo - wokoma, ndipo ngakhale mabulosi amenewo, omwe amakhalabe olimba kwambiri. Mwachidule, mabulosi ndi apamwamba.
Sergey Vl//www.fermer.by/topic/17999-ezhevika-besshipaya-v-belorussii/page-4
Ndili ndi ma grade 2 - Navajo ndi Thornfrey. Onsewa achedwa. Kuchulukitsa kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti komanso pafupifupi Seputembala yonse. Zopatsa zipatso kwambiri. Bendani bwino. Ndipo kasupe ndimamangira kwa trellis. Ndimaphimba ndi spanbond.
LAN//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=768448
Navajo ndi kumanika wokhala ndi zokolola zabwino kwambiri, mabulosi ake ndi okoma kale muyezo waukadaulo, amapsa nthawi yomweyo ndi Thornfrey.
marina ufa//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=4856&start=255
A matenda osagwira mitundu. Zipatso mu Julayi mpaka Ogasiti. Maluwa ndiakulu, okoma, onunkhira.
wokonzera m'munda39//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3855
Zipatso za Navajo mabulosi akutchire sikokulira monga zipatso za zina zamakono zamphesa, koma chizindikirochi chimalipidwa ndi zokolola komanso kukoma kwa zipatso zake. Kuphatikiza apo, mphukira zopanda mawonekedwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika, kotero chisamaliro cha Navajo ndichosavuta kwambiri ndipo ngakhale wokonda m'munda atha kukulira mitundu yaku America.
