Opanga maluwa ndi okongoletsa malo ndiosangalala kubzala chimanga m'minda yawo: kutuluka kwamaluwa kowala kumakondweretsa maso pambuyo pa dzinja lakuda ndi loyera, ndipo ndizosangalatsa bwanji masango a zipatso zofiirira kapena zakuda mumdima! Dzinali limasinthidwa chifukwa cha zipatso zotsekemera komanso zowawasa kuchokera ku Turkic zimamasulira kuti "ofiira". Zipatso za dogwood, inde, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mtundu uwu, komabe, mitundu ina zipatso zimatha kukhala zachikasu. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri za nkhuni ndikuti imatha kupezeka mu mawonekedwe a chitsamba komanso mtengo - zonse zimadalira malo ndi kukula kwake. Mwachidule, ziribe kanthu zomwe nkhuni imakusangalatsani - mawonekedwe ake obiriwira kapena mawonekedwe apadera a zipatsozo - kuzolowera sizingakukhumudwitseni.
Dogwood: dera logawa, kufotokoza kwa mbewu ndi zipatso
Kuthengo, nkhuni za mbwa nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ku Caucasus. Ngakhale mafupa ake amapezeka m'dera la Switzerland lamakono muzinyumba zopitilira zaka zoposa 5,000, olemba mbiri amati Agiriki ndi Aroma akale adagwiritsa ntchito zipatso za mbewuyi ngati chakudya. Mitundu yamakono yazimuna zamtchire ndizofalikira osati mkati mwachilengedwe chake, imapezeka m'malo opezeka ku Central Asia ndi Moldova, St. Petersburg ndi Baltic. Palibe chinsinsi pakugawidwa kwa mtengowu. Dogwood ndi wosazindikira kwenikweni ndipo amatha kulekerera chisanu kusiya 30-30 zaC, kuwonjezera, chomera chachikulire chikugonjetsedwa ndi chilala ndipo chimamva bwino dzuwa ndi mthunzi wake. Dogwood imaperekedwanso mu State Register of Kulera Zokwaniritsa mu 2017, ndipo gawo lonse la Russia likuwonetsedwa ngati dera lovomerezeka. Ndipo ndikugulitsa nkhuni zingati m'minda popanda kutchulidwa mu boma la State!
Woodwood sikuchepa kapangidwe ka dothi ndipo imamera m'malo opanda miyala, dothi lamchenga komanso loam. Komabe, ndale kapena pang'ono pang'ono zamchere zokhala ndi dothi labwino kwambiri zokhala ndi mandimu zimakhala zoyenera kwambiri kwa iye. Mphukira zazing'onoting'ono zazing'ono zimakhala kumtunda ndipo, zimakula, zimapanga chitsamba chamitundu yambiri kapena mamita atatu kutalika kapena mtengo kutalika kwa 6 mita. Mizu yake ndi yotupa.
Woodwood adzakongoletsa malo aliwonse ndi mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino
Dogwood ndi chomera chokongoletsera kwambiri. Maluwa achikasu a maluwa ake amatengedwa mu inflorescence. Amamasuka mu Epulo ndipo amadzaza mpweya ndi fungo labwino. Maluwa otulutsa maluwa amatha mpaka milungu iwiri, kenako masamba amawoneka. Popeza maluwa amawoneka koyambirira, chomerachi chimakhala ndi mavuto ndi opanga mungu: kwa tizilombo, kutentha ndi + 8 + 10 zaC, pamene dogwood limamasula, osati bwino kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, dogwood imasowa "oyandikana" oyenera - ndiyopanda chinyengo. Pollinator wachilengedwe chonse chifukwa chake atha kukhala nkhuni za m'nkhalango kapena chomera chilichonse chomera ichi.
Maluwa a Dogwood - chomera chokongola cha uchi
Masamba a nkhuni ndi ovoid, okwera mpaka pamwamba, wobiriwira wowala. Zipatso nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiira, koma pali mitundu yokhala ndi zipatso zoyera, zachikaso, ngakhale maroon, pafupifupi zakuda. Maonekedwe a zipatso zamtundu wina ndiwotundana, owumbidwa ndi peyala, mwa ena ndi ozungulira. Kulemera pamlingo wa 1-9 g. Mwalawo umatha, umapezeka mosavuta, ndi 12-30% ya kulemera kwa mwana wosabadwayo. Zipatso zimacha kumapeto kwa Ogasiti kapena Sepemba.
Ponena za mavitamini C, zipatso za chimanga ndizoposa ndimu, motero zipatso zake ndi masamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala odana ndi kutupa komanso zimandende. Fotokozerani izi msuzi ndi anti-scurvy. Ndipo m'madera ena a dziko lathu muli nthano zomwe zimati matenda aliwonse amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi zipatso za nkhuni.
Zipatso zawoodwood nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiira.
Kukoma kwa zipatso za chimanga sikungasokonezedwe ndi china chilichonse: ndizosinthika pang'ono, zopeka, zotsekemera kapena zotsekemera (kutengera mitundu - komanso kuchuluka kwa kuunika). Guwa la zipatso limatha kukhala yunifolomu kapena yopindika. Chomwe sichimatengera mitundu ndi fungo labwino la zipatso. Kufotokozera kwamomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kumatha kukhala chaputala china. Woodwood imadyedwa mwatsopano, kupanikizana, zipatso zokometsera, zakudya zonunkhira zimaphika kuchokera ku iyo, odzola, pastille ndi timadziti timakonzedwa. Zipatso zouma ndikuwonjezera tiyi, monga masamba, ndipo mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo a khofi. Ndipo zomwe amabisa, ma vodka a chimanga ndi otchuka kwambiri, omwe amateteza kununkhira kwapadera kwa zipatso ndipo amawerengedwa.
Dogwood si choyambira choyambirira: mbande zometedwa zimalowetsa zipatso nthawi yachisanu-chaka chachisanu ndi chimodzi. Koma nkhuni zomwe zimakhala ndi zipatso: 20-25 makilogalamu zipatso zimakololedwa kuchokera kumitengo yamtundu woyambira, kuyambira wazaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu mpaka wazaka zana.
Mtengo wachinyamata wamaluwa ukubala zipatso kale
Mitengo yamtundu wa Dogwood ndi yayitali, zaka zawo zimatha kupitirira zaka zana limodzi. Chifukwa chake, atabzala mtengo wotere pa chiwembu chake, wolima mundawo atha kutsimikiza kuti zidzukulu zake ndi zidzukulu zake zidzasangalala ndi zipatsozi.
Kuyimitsa kwa Dogwood m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia
Dogwood ndiwofala kwambiri ku Caucasus, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amakonda nyengo yotentha. Koma itha kukhala ndipo ikuyenera kukhala wamkulu pakati pa Russia, yomwe wamaluwa ambiri amachita. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuteteza mbewu ku zinthu zoyipa zaka zoyambilira mutabzala, mwachitsanzo, kuteteza mmera ku chilala. Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mizu, mbande za chimanga pazaka zouma zimatha kudwala chifukwa chosowa madzi. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo ipatsidwe madzi okwanira, makamaka mutabzala mu dothi lamchenga lopepuka, pomwe chinyezi sichitha. Sakonda nkhuni zazing'ono komanso dzuwa lolimba kwambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, mutabzala komanso zaka zoyambirira, mmera uyenera kupereka shading yosavuta.
Malamulo oyambira
Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kulima nkhuni pachikhalidwe chawo, alimi odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kusankha mbande wazaka ziwiri. Ziyenera kugulidwa ku malo otsimikiziridwa. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kukumbukira kuti ndi liti komanso momwe mungabzalire mitengo ya dogwood.
- Nthawi yabwino yodzala mbande za dogwood ndi nthawi yophukira.
- Dogwood ndi chomera chopanda chodzala, chifukwa chake mitundu iwiri yosiyana imabzalidwa pamalowa.
- Kuti ana agalu azitha kuzika mizu bwino, muyenera kusankha mbewu mumbale, osati ndi mizu yotseguka.
Mbande zazaka ziwiri ndizoyenera kubzala.
Kubzala kwawoodwood sitepe ndi sitepe
- Konzani dzenje 60-70 cm ndikuya mulifupi. Sakanizani dothi lochotsedwa ndi humus kapena kompositi (1 ndowa), phulusa (250-300 g) ndi superphosphate (200 g).
- Thirani theka lapansi padziko lapansi. Ikani sapling paphiri lomwe linapangidwa. Mangani msomali ndikuphimba ndi dziko lonse lapansi. Onetsetsani kuti khosi la mizu silikuzama (liyenera kukhala 2-3 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka).
- Pukuta dothi, ndikupanga bowo kuti muchepetse. Thirani mmera ndi ndowa ziwiri zamadzi.
- Multi bwalo bwalo ndi udzu, utuchi kapena humus.
M'nyengo yozizira, mbande zazing'ono zimayenera kuphimbidwa ndi burlap, ndikuti muteteze mizu yomwe ili komweko, akatswiri odziwa zamaluwa amalimbikitsa mu zaka zoyambira kuti mbande za mbande zikhale kumtengowo ndi dziko lapansi.
Kanema: momwe mungabyalare mmera wa nkhuni
Kulima ndi kusamalira agalu pakati pa Russia
Zovuta za matenda kapena kuwonongeka kwa tizirombo ku Moscow Region ndi pakati Russia sizimafotokozedwa. Ndipo malingaliro oyang'anira amasamalira kuthirira ndi kudulira panthawi yake. Kuthirira nkhuni ndikofunika: ndikusowa chinyezi, zipatso zimachepera yowutsa mudyo, kukoma kumanenedwa pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imayenera kuthiriridwa madzi nthawi zonse, makamaka nthawi yotentha (malita 40-50 kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata posagwa mvula).
Mbande zazing'onoting'ono za agalu zimakula pang'onopang'ono, koma kenako zimakula kwambiri, ndipo mbewu zina zimakhuthala - zimafunikira kudulira.
Ngati nkhuni za agalu zikufunika kupangika ngati chitsamba, ndiye kuti mphukira zomwe zimamera mkati kapena mphukira wouma zimadulidwa
Mothandizidwa ndi njira yodulira kuti wokolola m'munda azitha kupatsa chimanga ngati chitsamba kapena mtengo. Ngati chitsamba chimakonda, malo okhawo omwe ndi owuma, omwe amakula mkati. Ngati nkhuni ikuyenera kupangika ngati mtengo, mphukira yomwe ili pansi pa 50-70 masentimita imachotsedwa mu zaka zoyambirira mutabzala, kenako mawonekedwe omwewo amayesedwa ndikudula nkhuni monga njira yachikhalidwe yamitengo yazipatso.
Kudulira pafupipafupi nkhuni kumapangitsa kuti mawonekedwe azithunzi akhale osavuta
Kutsegulira dothi pansi pa chimanga kumachitika mosamala, osapitirira 10 cm - wina sayenera kuyiwala za momwe mizu idayambira. Ponena za feteleza, wamaluwa saumirira kuti agwiritse ntchito, popeza mwachilengedwe agalu amamera ndipo amabala zipatso ngakhale dothi losauka. Komabe, ngati panali mtima wofuna kuthira feteleza chimanga, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti feteleza wa nayitrogeni wa phosphorous amamuyikira mu masika, ndipo feteleza wa potashi umayikidwa m'chilimwe kapena nthawi yophukira.
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chikukulitsa kulima kwa nkhuni pakati pa Russia ndi nyengo yobwerera masika. Mutha kuteteza mbewu kwa iwo mwa utsi wokha (kukonza masuntha ndi utsi m'mawa). Vuto lina: ndi maluwa oyamba (ndipo mu dogwood nthawi zonse kumakhala koyambira) sipangakhale tizilombo toyambitsa mungu. Komabe, mbewu zingapo zikafesedwa m'dera limodzi, vutoli limathetsedwa.
Mitundu ya Dogwood pakukula pakati pa Russia
Mitundu ya Dogwood imasiyana wina ndi mzake pankhani yakucha, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa zipatso. Zomera ndi kukana chisanu zikuwonetsa chimodzimodzi, motero sizikupanga nzeru kuwonetsa izi. Akatswiri odziwika komanso otchuka amaphatikizanso mitundu iyi:
- Alyosha: wakucha kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti kapena Seputembala, zipatso zake zimakhala zachikasu, zooneka ngati peyala, zazikulu - 6-9 g, zotsekemera komanso zowawasa.
- Vladimirsky: zipsa mu Ogasiti-Seputembala, zipatso ndi zazikulu - pafupifupi 8 g, burgundy-wakuda.
- Vydubitsky: mitundu ya pakati pa nyengo, zipatso zazing'ono, zofiira mtundu.
- Elena: dogwood ya mitundu iyi imabala zipatso kumayambiriro - koyambirira kwa Ogasiti, zipatsozi zimawoneka ngati migolo yofiyira yokhala ndi sing'anga yaying'ono ndi fupa laling'ono.
- Fulugufe: pakati pa nyengo, zipatso zooneka ngati peyala, 6-8 g, chitumbuwa chakuda, chokoma komanso wowawasa, tart.
- Amber: walandila dzinali chifukwa cha mtundu woyambirira, zipatso zakhwima zimakhala zowonekera bwino, zimakhala ndi khungu loonda, kulemera mpaka 4 g, mitundu ya pakati pa nyengo.
Zithunzi Zithunzi: Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Dogwood
- Mitundu ya Dogwood Alyosha zipatso chikasu
- Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Elena imadziwika ndi zipatso zofiira, zachikhalidwe cha dogwood
- Gulugufe wamtundu wakuda ali ndi mabulosi amdima, zipatso zooneka ngati peyala
- Mukayang'ana zipatso za nkhuni za Amber chimanga, mumvetsetsa chifukwa chake idatchedwa
Ndemanga
Dogwood yakhala ikukula kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za 90s, kuchokera ku Pyatigorsk kupita ku dera la Bryansk. Panthawi imeneyi, kutentha kunatsika mpaka 34. Mitengo ya apulo ndi mapeyala amayamba kugwa. Dogwood osachepera yomwe imangokulitsa zokolola.
SergeyKrivonosov//7dach.ru/sevda03/mozhno-li-vyrastit-kizil-v-sredney-polose-rossii-49044.html
Ndikufuna kukopa chidwi cha iwo omwe angobzala nkhuni kuti chomera chimadzidetsa. Pokolola, muyenera kubzala tchire kapena kuti mukangane ndi anansi kuti mudzawabzala.
serde//indasad.ru/forum/2-plodoviy-sad/617-chudo-yagoda-kizil
Tinaganiza zopanga tokha tokha, timakonda vinyo ndi chodzadza, koma talakwitsa kale ndi "agogo" mumsika, ndiye tidaganiza. Ngakhale malingaliro apano akuti nkhuni zimakula bwino kapena sizimabala zipatso mumsewu wapakati, abwenzi athu adatsimikizira zosiyana, zomwe zidasonkhezera kufunitsitsa kwathu. Tsambalo lidasankhidwa pang'ono. Nthaka idakonzedwa mu kugwa: iwo adakumba dzenje lozunguliza ndi mainchesi pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi akuya masentimita 80, nabweretsamo dziko latsopanolo lophatikizidwa ndi feteleza (organic ndi mineral). M'nyengo yozizira, tinakutira dzenjelo ndi filimu, ndipo kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February tidatsegula. Kumapeto kwa Marichi, tidaganiza zobzala nkhuni zathu. Adatenga humus ndi kompositi, yosakanikirana ndikugawa magawo awiri. Gawo limodzi linasakanizika ndi dothi ndipo linadzaza dzenjelo mpaka theka, ndikupanga mtunda waung'ono. Iwo adatenga mmera, adauika pabulu, mbaikirira ndi ena onse. Chomera chaching'ono chimafunikira kuthirira kwabwino (30 30 malita). Malo ozungulira anali okutidwa ndi utuchi kuti chinyezi chisamasuke. Anzathu adalimbikitsa kuti tidule ndi mphukira ndi 1/3 kuti tizitha kuyika mizu ndi gawo lam'mwamba. Tili ndi masamba pano ndi apo. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi, tinatenga nkhuni za Primorsky, amakhulupirira kuti ndi nyengo yozizira.
Elizabeti//www.vogorodah.ru/vyrashhivanie-kizila/
Ndakhala ndikukula zipatso zazitali komanso zopatsa thanzi. Kwenikweni, ndayesa kale njira zonse zokulitsira nkhuni - kuchokera pafupa ndi kudula. Mtengo wanga wamaluwa wakula ndikupanga linga. Ndidula pamlingo wa 70-100 cm.Tolotsani zodabwitsa izi, apo ayi sinditchula, zipatso zanga, monga lamulo, ndizabwino kwambiri. Mkazi amapanga chodzikanira nacho ndikumapikirira mavutidwe a dzinja.
Vakhtang//www.vogorodah.ru/vyrashhivanie-kizila/
Pali okondwerera omwe amalima nkhuni kumapiri. Nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale kukolola. Zachidziwikire, izi sizomwe mbewu zakumwera. Sindingayerekeze kunena kuti pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamtundu wapakati, komabe, ndikukulangizani mwamphamvu kuti mubzale mbewu m'dzinja, chifukwa pali chilakolako chotere. Ndizosangalatsa kuwona momwe mbewu zobzikika zokha zimakula. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti nthawi yayitali ya chimanga ndichoposa masiku 800, ndiye kuti mbande ziyenera kuyembekezeka mu nyengo ziwiri, koma, zonse zitatu. Yesani, chifukwa zinthu zambiri zachilendo zomwe zikukula kale m'malo ochulukirapo kumpoto!
Anton//7dach.ru/sevda03/mozhno-li-vyrastit-kizil-v-sredney-polose-rossii-49044.html
Ku Russia chapakati, nkhuni sizitinso chidwi chofuna kudziwa zakunja komanso sizingokhala mlendo wofunitsitsa wowonjezera kutentha. Chomera chodabwitsa ndi zipatso zonunkhira komanso zopatsa thanzi zimatha kupezeka m'minda yambiri komanso m'malo. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa mafani ake kumalonjeza kumera, chifukwa nkhuni sizigwirizana ndi kuzizira, okonzeka kumera pafupifupi dothi lililonse ndipo amabala zipatso kufikira zaka zana - bwanji siwokongoletsa munda wanu wonse?
