Shepherdia sadziwika kwenikweni kwa olima maluwa aku Russia. Mu ziwembu zapakhomo, sizitha kupezeka kawirikawiri. Pakalipano, izi ndi chitsamba chosazolowereka, chokongoletsera, chomwe chimabweretsanso mbewu. M'mawonekedwe, zipatsozi ndizofanana ndi zipatso zam'nyanja, koma Shepherdia ndiwabwino kwambiri komanso wathanzi. Ubwino wina wosatsutsika ndi kusakhulupirika pochoka. Chomera chimatha kusintha nyengo iliyonse ngati nyengo kapena nyengo yake, sizimatanthauzira nthaka mwadongosolo.
Kodi abusa amawoneka bwanji?
Shepherdia (Shepherdia) ndi mtundu wa zitsamba zosatha za banja la Sucker (Elaeagnaceceae). Ku Russia, sikudziwika kwenikweni, "nyanja" yake yapafupi kwambiri ndiyofala kwambiri. Komabe, kunyumba (USA, Canada), komanso ku maiko aku Europe, mbewu iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe. Masamba a silvery ndi zipatso zofiira kwambiri za ubweya wa Shepherdia zimasiyana kwambiri ndi singano zobiriwira zakuda, zimawonekanso bwino pokana mbewu zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba ofiira (barberry, irga, weigela).
Shepherdia imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga mawonekedwe chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino komanso okopa.
Shepherd adapezeka kalekale, mu 1818. Dzinali adalandira polemekeza katswiri wotchuka wa ku Britain, a John Shepherd, omwe anali oyang'anira m'munda wotchuka kwambiri ku Liverpool. Wolemba dzinali, iye ndi amene amapeza, ndi profesa wa ku Philadelphia wa botani, a Thomas Nuttall. Anatumiza makope oyamba a abusa kutsidya lina la nyanja kupita ku dimba lamankhwala, kuchokera komwe anafalikira ku Europe.
Malo obadwira abusa ndi Canada ndi USA, nyengo yake siyosiyana kwambiri ndi yaku Russia
Russia (kenako Ufumu wa Russia) idadziwana ndi Shepherdia kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 chifukwa cha obereka wotchuka I.V. Michurin. Anakondwera kwambiri ndi kupindulitsa kwake komanso kukoma kwa zipatso za mtengowo, ndikusintha makope angapo kumtunda yakeyokha ya acclimatization, yomwe ili ku Kiev. Pambuyo pa kumwalira kwake, Mbusa sanayiwalike ndi anthu ogwira ntchito m'mundamo, ndipo posakhalitsa malo onse adayamba. Mwachiwonekere, izi zikufotokozera kuti mayiko onse a USSR yakale, m'busa ndiwotchuka kwambiri ku Ukraine, ngakhale chikhalidwe sichimakonda kutentha.
Shepherdia imakhala yotchuka pakuchita bwino, kupatula kusonkhanitsa ndikosavuta kuposa nyanja yamchere
Chomera chimakhala ndi dzina lambiri - "buffalo / bison berry", "hare / berry berry", "mabulosi a sopo", "American sea buckthorn", "Nebraska currant", "mabulosi opachikidwa", "tsamba lasiliva". Zitatu zoyambirira ndizofala kwambiri. Zomwe zimachokera zimafotokozeredwa ndikuti oyang'anira oyamba aku America adagwiritsa ntchito mabulosi kukonza msuzi wa njati ndi nyama ya kalulu, ndipo mnofu wazipatsozo udali wotsekemera.
Shepherdia - chomera kuchokera pagulu la "awiri m'modzi", chimatha kuphatikiza mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso kupezeka kwa zipatso zabwino komanso zabwino
Kutalika kwakukulu kwa chitsamba chachikulu ndi 3-5 m. Nthawi zambiri, imatsika masamba nthawi yozizira, koma pali mitundu yobiriwira nthawi zonse. Mphukira za Shepherdia ndizochepa kwambiri, zokhala ndi khungwa loyipa la imvi-beige ndipo nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi ma spikes atali. Mphukira zolimba nthambi, zopindika, zopingasa, kudutsa, makamaka pafupi ndi nthaka, ndikupanga cholepheretsa. Izi zimapangitsa abusa kukhala oyenera kwambiri pakupanga ma hedges.
Shepherdia imagwirizira bwino mawonekedwe ake podula, mwamphamvu nthambi - izi zimapangitsa kukhala chomera choyenera kupangira mipanda
Masamba ndi ochepa, masentimita 5-7, kutalika kukhudza. Amapangidwa awiriawiri moyang'anana pa petioles lalifupi. Tsamba lamasamba ndi elliptical kapena lanceolate, yosalala, yobiriwira lowala bwino. Koma kuchokera kutali, zimawoneka ngati zazitali chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mamba ang'ono kapena villi yomwe imawonetsa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kunja kwa tsambalo kumatakasuka, ngakhale kakakulu kuposa kutsogolo.
Masamba a Shepherdia ndiuwisi wobiriwira, koma chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa villi yokonzekera bwino, zikuwoneka kuti aponyedwa ndi siliva
Duwa la abusa sindilo lochititsa chidwi kwambiri padziko lapansi. Komabe, maluwa ake ndi opindulitsa. Chomera ichi ndi chomera chabwino cha uchi, chomwe chimakopa mungu wochokera pamalowo. Maluwa ochepa kwambiri achikasu kapena otsekemera, ophatikizidwa mu burashi kapena mawonekedwe owoneka ngati ntchentche, pachimake kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, ngakhale chitsamba chisanakhale ndi masamba. Maluwa sakhala nthawi yayitali, mkati mwa sabata limodzi ndi theka. Amamasuka mphepo ikangotha kutentha mpaka kutentha kwa 7-9ºС.
Maluwa a Shepherdia sangathe kutchedwa ochititsa chidwi komanso akunja okongola.
Shepherdia ali m'gulu la mitundu ya mbewu zamitundu mitundu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati wabzalidwe osati kukongoletsa mundawo, komanso cholinga chodzala ndi zipatso zamtsogolo, ndikofunikira kuti mbeu zonse ziwiri "zazimuna" ndi "zazimuna" zizikhala pafupifupi 4: 1. Omaliza amakhala ngati opukutira mungu. Mutha kudziwa kuti ndi chitsamba chamtundu wanji pakupenda maluwa. "Zomera" zachimuna ", ndizazikulupo ndi zokulungidwa; muzomera" zazikazi ", zimakhala ndi lingaliro lowongoka ndipo zimapanikizika mwamphamvu mpaka kuwombera. Maluwa "Amphongo" alibe chithunzithunzi, amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa stamens ambiri.
Maluwa a “abambo” a m'busa amadziwika mosavuta chifukwa chosakhalapo
Zipatso za mbusayo ndi buluu wamtali (5-6 mm) wozungulira kapena wamtundu wakofiira. Khungu lake limakutidwa ndi mawonekedwe oyera oyera, ngati utsi wa penti. Kwa iye, uku ndiye chizolowezi, osati matenda ena achilendo. Mnofu ndi wofewa, wokoma komanso wowawasa. Pali kulawa kwanyenyezi komwe sikumakonda aliyense, kotero ma jellies, marshmallows, jams, compotes, zakumwa, ndi kukonzekera kwina nthawi zambiri kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku zipatso kuposa zomwe zatsopano. Ngakhale mchitidwe umawonetsa kuti zipatso zomwe zatsalira pachisamba chisanadze chisanu ndizabwino kwambiri komanso zanthete. Shepherdia imalimbikitsidwanso kupanga ma soseji - apa ndiwowoneka bwino ndipo ma tartness opepuka ndi othandiza kwambiri.
Kukoma kwa zipatso za Shepherdia sikukondedwa ndi aliyense, koma ndiwothandiza kwambiri, kotero mutha kulolera
Mosiyana ndi nyanja yam'madzi yam'madzi, kutolera m'busa ndikosavuta kwambiri. Pambuyo chisanu, ndikokwanira kufalitsa filimu, nsalu kapena nyuzipepala pansi pa chitsamba ndikuigwedeza kangapo mwamphamvu. Zipatso zimakhwima kale kumapeto kwa chilimwe, koma kufikira nthawi ino zimakhazikika panthambi, osagwa.
Zipatso ndizabwino kwambiri. Woyamba kuzindikira izi anali nzika zaku North America. Shepherdia ili ndi vitamini C wambiri kuposa ndimu, sea buckthorn ndi wakuda currant (mpaka 250 mg). Kuphatikiza apo, imakhala ndi ma organic acid, carotene, tannins, anthocyanins, mavitamini A, E, R. Shepherdia amathandizira kukulitsa kamvekedwe ka thupi, amachepetsa kukalamba, amathandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira, kulimbana ndi matenda a mavairasi, kuzizira, njira zotupa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kupewa matenda oopsa ndi atherosulinosis. Zipatso zimakhalanso ndi bile ndi diuretic kwenikweni. Zabwino zopatsa mphamvu ndizochepa - 28 kcal pa 100 g. Chokhacho chingavomereze kuti zipatso zimatha kuyambitsa ziwengo. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwa iwo omwe akudziwa kale za kukhalapo kwa tsankho lazinthu zilizonse.
Munthawi yamatenda othandizira kutentha, zipatso za zipatso za abusa sizitayika, kotero kukonzekera kwapangidwe kumapangidwa nthawi zambiri, kukoma kwa zipatso kumakonzedwa bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nyenyezi zisinthe
Shepherdia amadziwika ndi kukhwima koyambirira. Nthawi yoyamba yomwe chomera chimamasula pakapita zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu mutabzala mmera pansi. Chitsamba chachikulu pachaka chimabweretsa zipatso 12-16 kg. Nthawi yobala ndizosachepera zaka 30, chisamaliro chophweka chingathandize kukulitsa zaka 50-60. Ndi zaka, zokolola zimangokulira, mpaka 40-50 kg.
Nyengo ya kwawo kwa Shepherdia imasiyana pang'ono ndi chikhalidwe cha madera ambiri a Russia. Shrub imalekerera chisanu kufika -45 ° C popanda kuwonongeka kokhako, komwe kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kulimidwa ku Siberia, Urals, ndi Far East. Kukaniza kwazizira kumasiyanitsidwa osati ndi mphukira, komanso impso. Masamba ndi masamba otseguka, tchire limabereka zipatso pambuyo pochulukira kwambiri masika, komwe m'zigawozi, zomwe zimatchedwa "malo owopsa aulimi", sizachilendo.
Chofunika kwa osamalira wamaluwa, chomera sichidwala fungal, bacteria kapena virus virus, tizirombo sikuwonetsanso chidwi. Chifukwa chake, chomera sichifunikira kupopera mbewu ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso maantibayotiki, omwe amakupatsani mbewu zachilengedwe.
Mitundu yomwe ilipo
Pali oimira atatu okha mu gulu la Mbusa. Otsala, nawonso, adachita chidwi ndi mbewuyi posachedwa, kotero kuyesa pa kulima mitundu yayikulu-zipatso sikunapeze zipatso zokhazikika. Zofananazi zitha kunenedwa za kuyesa kudutsa Shepherdia ndi nyanja yamadzi am'madzi. Izi zikuwonetsedwa kuti ndizabwino kwambiri - ndizotheka kuphatikiza zokolola ndi zipatso zazikuluzikulu zam'nyanja zomwe mbusayo amakana nazo matenda, tizirombo, nyengo yovuta ndi nyengo.
Nthawi zambiri m'minda mungapeze siliva Shepherdia (S. argentea). Ichi ndi chitsamba chofanana ndi mtengo chokhala ndi nthambi zotuwa, chofika kutalika kwa 5-6 m. Mphukira zasiliva zobiriwira zazing'ono zimasintha pang'onopang'ono mtundu kukhala taupe. Masamba ang'onoang'ono, 3-5cm kutalika, mawonekedwe a ellipse okhala ndi nsonga yolunjika. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a pubescence, amaponyedwa mbali zonse ndi siliva. Zipatso zokhala ndi mainchesi a 5-6 mm ndi kulemera pafupifupi 0.5-0.7 g. Zimacha kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ngakhale zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe mu Julayi.
Mbusa wa siliva amapezeka pafupipafupi kwambiri.
Pali mitundu yoswana yokhala ndi zipatso zachikasu zowala - Xanthocarpa ndi Goldeneye. Koma izi ndi zinthu zaposachedwa kwambiri za obereketsa, zomwe pakali pano ndizosowa kwambiri pakutseguka. Kuwapeza ndi kovuta, ngakhale kwina.
Kanema: siliva wabusa amawoneka bwanji
M'busa wa Canada (S. canadensis) amapezeka "ali mu ukapolo" nthawi zambiri. Ali ndi mwayi wosaneneka - kusowa kwa zokometsera, koma amatha kuchita ntchito yokongoletsa mwapadera. Zipatso zake ndizocheperako, lalanje-lalanje, zilibe pafupifupi kukoma. Zosasiyananso pamlingo wokukula, kutalika kwakukulu ndi 1.5-2,5 m. Masamba ndi amtundu wobiriwira kapena azitona, amnyezimira, amaoneka ngati dzira.
Ubwino waukulu wa mbusa waku Canada ndikusowa kwa minga, koma zipatso zake sizadyedwa.
Woimira wotsiriza wamtunduwu ndi m'busa wozungulira-leaved (S. rotundifolia). Ichi ndi chomera chakupezeka m'chilengedwe ku Colorado kokha. Sizimasiyana nyengo yozizira, chifukwa chake siyoyenera kulimidwa m'malo ambiri a Russia. Masamba ake amaphimbidwa ndi zophukira zazing'ono, zofanana ndi njerewere, zomwe zimakhala panthambi kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, ali ndi thupi, motero, malinga ndi kulemera kwawo, mphukira zimakonda kugwa, ndikupanga mawonekedwe okongola. Maluwa ndi ochepa kwambiri, achikasu. Zipatso sizidyedwa.
Shepherdia rotundifolia - chomera chakumtunda ku Colorado chomwe sichimasiyana chisanu, chomwe chimalepheretsa kugawa kwake pakati wamaluwa amateur
Momwe mungabzale chomera
Shepherdia ndi wonyoza. Izi zimawonekera kwambiri muudindo wosakhwima wa nthaka. Zabwino kwa iye ndi dothi louma kapena loamy nthaka - wathanzi komanso bwino. Koma imatha kukula pomwe palibe chikhalidwe china chomwe chingakhalepo. Shepherdia imakhalapo bwino ndipo imabala zipatso pamchenga, miyala, nthaka zamchere. Izi ndichifukwa choti pamizu ya chomera pali timinofu ting'onoting'ono - timene timakhala mabakiteriya apadera. Chifukwa cha iwo, Shepherdia imadzipatsa nayitrogeni, "kuikoka" mumlengalenga. Gawo lamphamvu kwambiri (dongo, matope, peat) silingamukwane.
Mizu ya mbewu ndiyopangika, koma imakhazikika. Chifukwa chake, chitsamba chingabzalidwe pamalo otsetsereka, m'matanthwe, m'malo otsetsereka. Amatha kuteteza bwino madera awa kuti asakokoloke.
Ndikofunika kuti musankhe malo otsegulira abusa. Kutentha ndi dzuwa zimakhudza bwino zipatso ndi kukoma kwa zipatso. Njira yabwii ndi malo otsika, nthawi zambiri amasuntha madzi ndi mpweya wozizira. Komanso, musabzale abusa komwe madzi apansi pansi amayandikira kuposa mita. Kusakhalapo kwa chinyezi ndi chofunikira chokhacho chomera, ndikofunikira kumamvetsera. Ndikofunikanso kukhala ndi chotchinga patali chomwe chimateteza chitsamba ku mphepo yozizira, koma ichi sichofunika.
Kutentha ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kumathandizira kuchuluka ndi kukoma kwa zipatso za abusa
Nthawi yabwino yokhala malo otentha, makamaka ku Urals ndi Siberia, ndi masika. Nyengo m'maderawa ndizosadalirika; nthawi yozizira imadza mwadzidzidzi. Mukabzala m'dzinja, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti pasatsala miyezi iwiri chisanu chisanayambe. Kwa mmera, ino ndi nthawi yokwanira "kuthana ndi kupsinjika" ndikusintha moyo watsopano.
Mukabzala mbewu zingapo nthawi imodzi, mtunda wa 1.8-2 mamita umasungidwa pakati pawo. Kupatula kokha ndi ubusa, wopangidwa kuti apange linga. Poterepa, gawo limachepetsedwa kukhala 0,5 m.
Shepherdia mbande iyenera kugulidwa m'misika kapena m'masamba apadera, ichi ndi chitsimikizo cha kubzala zinthu
Kuzama kwa dzenjelo ndi 0,5-0.75 m. Ndikofunika kukonzekera pasadakhale, osachepera masiku 10-12 njira isanachitike. Pa mulingo uliwonse wowonjezera malita 10-15 a manyowa kapena humus, lita imodzi ya phulusa lamatabwa, kusakaniza feteleza ndi pamwamba pa nthaka yochotsedwa mu dzenje (woyamba 10-15 cm). Kenako muyenera kuphimba dzenjelo ndi china chosavala madzi, mwachitsanzo, chidutswa.
Palibe chifukwa chopangira dzenje lakuya la Shepherdia, mizu ya mbewu ndiyopangika
Palibe chosokoneza pankhani yokweza pansi. Njira imeneyi ya ubusa imasiyana pang'ono ndi mitengo ya zipatso ndi mabulosi.
- Mizu imayesedwa mosamala, youma ndi mizu yakufa imachotsedwa. Wathanzi adadulira 2-3 masentimita, osakhudza ma toni pa iwo.
- Mizu ya Shepherdia imamizidwa kwa maola 3-4 mumtsuko wamadzi kutentha kwa firiji. Mutha kuwonjezera potaziyamu permanganate kwa iye (ku wotumbululuka wa pinki) kapena wa biostimulant (Epin, Heteroauxin, potaziyamu humate, succinic acid), mutakonza yankho malinga ndi malangizo.
- Chomera chimayikidwa pamulu wamtunda ndikuwongola mizu yake, ndikuwongolera pansi. Kusamalidwa makamaka kuyenera kuthandizidwa kuti asawononge maina awo.
- Dzenje lobzala limakutidwa ndi magawo ochepa a dziko lapansi, nthawi ndi nthawi kugwedeza mmera. Sikoyenera kuphatikiza gawo lapansi mwamphamvu, dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira mokwanira.
- Bwalo lozungulira ndi mulifupi wa 50-70 masentimita limathiriridwa mokwanira, ndikugwiritsa ntchito malita 25-30 a madzi. Ikamamwa, malowa amadzaza ndi peat crumb, humus, udzu wometedwa kumene, komanso utuchi wowola.
- Mphukira zomwe zilipo zimafupikitsidwa ndi pafupifupi chitatu kuti zilimbikitse nthambi zina.
Kubzala m'busa m'nthaka sikusiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika pachitsamba ndi mitengo ina
Kuswana kwa abusa
Shepherdia imafalitsa bwino njira zonse zakubzala komanso zopatsa zipatso. Nthawi yomweyo, zitsamba zopangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu zimalandira mikhalidwe ya chomera cha "kholo". Izi sizikugwira ntchito kokha pa ma hybrids omwe amabadwa ndi kubereka, koma sizimachitika ku Russia.
Kumera kwa mbeu
Shepherdia mbewu amatengedwa paokha, akupera zamkati zazikulu kwambiri zamkati. Kenako chidebecho pamodzi ndi iwo chiyenera kuyikidwa padzuwa.Pamene zamkati ziuma, mbewu zimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi iyo.
Zoweta za Shepherdia ndizosavuta kuzitengera zokha, ndikofunikira kubzyala mchaka chomwecho zikadzasonkhanitsidwa
Zabzalidwa m'dzinja lomwelo, pakapita nthawi, kumera kumachepera. Mbewu zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa munthawi yomweyo, zimakhala 80%. Sichothandiza kusunga zinthu zobzala kwa zaka zopitilira ziwiri. Nthawi yabwino kukafika pamayiko oyambira Novembala. Chiwerengero cha "chachimuna" ndi "chachikazi" pakati pa mbande zomwe zalandiridwa ndi pafupifupi zofanana, motero palibe chifukwa chodandaula ndi izi.
- Mbewu zokolola zimabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo. Sakuyenera kuzamitsidwa mozama, masentimita 2-3 okha ndi okwanira. Pofuna kuti musataye malo omwe mukutsitsa, mutha kukumba kabokosi kakang'ono pansi musanachitike. Njira ina yodzibweretsera zachilengedweyi ndikukalamba kwa mbewu kwa masabata 6-8 pa kutentha kwa 0-2 ° C. Potere, zimabzalidwa mu Epulo kapena Meyi, koma kumera kwake kumakhala kotsika - osaposa 60%.
- Zobzala zimaphikidwa ndi peat kapena humus, ndikupanga wosanjikiza masentimita 8-10. Posachedwa chisanu chikakwanira, chipale chofewa chimatsanulidwa pam kama.
- Mphukira zoyambirira ziyenera kuwonekera mu khumi yachiwiri ya Epulo. Nyengo, mbande zimasamalidwa ngati mbewu zachikulire. Mpaka kumapeto kwa Julayi, ndikofunikira kuchita feteleza wa 2-3 ndi feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni - amalimbikitsa kukula kwa zobiriwira zambiri.
- Pakutha kwa nthawi yophukira, mbande zitha kutalika masentimita 12 mpaka 15. Zomera zoterezi zitha kuthandizidwa kudera lomwe mukufuna. Zokolola zoyambirira kuchokera ku zoweta zomwe zimamera pambewu zitha kuyembekezeka zaka 5-6, koma nthawi imeneyi imatha kupitirira kwa zaka 8-10.
Mbewu za Shepherdia zobzalidwa panthaka nyengo yachisanu isanawonetse bwino kumera kuposa zomwe zimamera kunyumba
Kufalikira kwa mizu
Shepherdia adaberekanso zipatso zaka 3-4 Mphukira zowonda zimapangidwa mtunda wa 1.5-2 mamita kuchokera pachitsamba. Ana azaka ziwiri ali ndi mizu yabwino.
Kubalana pogwiritsa ntchito mphukira zapansi ndi njira yoperekedwa ndi chilengedwe chomwe. Kubzala zinthu kumachotsedwa mosamala dothi limodzi ndi mizu.
- Kukumba dothi, ndikuyika patali mosiyana ndi chomera. Ndikofunikira kupanga mabala ochepa momwe mungathere, ndikuchepetsa kuvutika pamizu.
- Mabala omwe anavulaza ana amakhala ndi majakisoni, owazidwa ndi choko chophwanyika, makala opaleshoni, phulusa lamatabwa, sinamoni.
- Zigawo zobzalidwa m'malo osankhidwa, kuthiriridwa madzi pang'ono. Ngati msewu sunatenthe kwambiri, amaphimbidwa ndi mabotolo apulasitiki odulidwa. Kutentha kwambiri, malo obisalako amatetezedwa ndi zovala zoyera. Masamba atsopano akangowonekera, malo okhala amatha kuchotsedwa.
Kudula
Kudula kwa mbusa ndiye gawo lalitali kapena laling'ono la mphukira yapachaka 10-12 cm. Dulani mbali zonse za 45 of. Ndikofunikira kuti osapindika, kudula kumene kumazika mizu mwachangu. Mutha kudula zinthu zobzala nyengo yonseyo, koma nthawi yabwino kwambiri ndi kutha kwa Julayi kapena theka loyambirira la Julayi.
Shepherdia cuttings yoyenera kufalitsa - nsonga za mphukira zapachaka
- Kudula kwamunsi kwa mphukira kumawanyowa pafupifupi tsiku limodzi mu yankho la chilichonse chimapangitsa kuti chikhale chogwirizana ndi malangizo. Mutha kuwaza ndi ufa Kornevin, Heteroauxin, Zircon.
- Miphika yaying'ono kapena makapu apulasitiki amadzazidwa ndi dothi losakhwimira la mbande. Gawo lapansi ndilopangika bwino.
- Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa m'nthaka, ndikukulitsa ndi masentimita atatu pakadali pafupifupi 60º. Ngati ndi kotheka, iduleni masamba apansi. Finyani dothi ndi dothi loonda (1-2 cm). Ndikofunikira kuti pakhale mpweya wobiriwira poyika zitsulo m'matumba, kuwaphimba ndi zipewa za galasi kapena mabotolo apulasitiki. Tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 5 mpaka 10, phukusi limachotsedwa kuti lisawonongeke.
- Ma Shank operekedwa ndi kuwala kowawitsa kwa maola 8-10 patsiku ndi kutentha kwa 22-25 ° C, kumazika mizu 20-25. Komanso, amafunika kutsanuliridwa tsiku lililonse ndi madzi kutentha kwa firiji. Nthaka sayenera kuloledwa kuuma;
- Kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena khumi oyamba a Okutobala, zodulidwa mizu zimasinthidwa ku malo okhazikika.
Shepherdia imalilidwa ndikudulidwa m'njira zofanana ndi mabulosi ena.
Chisamaliro cha Shrub
Kusamalira M'busa kumatenga nthawi yayitali ndi kuchita khama kwa wosamalira. Ngakhale iwo omwe alibe chidziwitso chochuluka m'munda wofunikira akutsimikiziridwa kuti apirira kupirira kwake.
Shepherdia imadziwika ndi chisanu ndi kukana chilala, chosakhudzika ndi nthaka. Safunikira pobisalira nyengo yachisanu, atha kuchita bwino ndi mvula yachilengedwe. Ngakhale amayankha mokwanira kuthirira komanso kuvala kwapamwamba, organic kapena mchere.
Shepherdia imapirira nyengo yozizira kwambiri popanda kuwonongeka, chifukwa chake, sifunikira pogona nyengo yachisanu
Chomera chilichonse chimafunikira madzi nthawi yopanga ndi kucha zipatso. Chifukwa chake, ngati dzinja likatentha komanso louma, ndikofunika kuthirira abusa kamodzi masiku 8-10, ndikutsitsa malita 25-30 pachitsamba chachikulu.
Mbusa angachite bwino ndi mvula yachilengedwe, koma kuthirira nthawi zonse nthawi yachilimwe kumatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino
Nthawi iliyonse mutathirira kapena mvula, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa mosamala. Dongosolo la ubusa limakhazikitsidwa, koma mwapamwamba. Kupalira nthawi zonse ndikofunikira. Udzu umachotsa chakudya chofunikira kuchokera ku mbewu ndikuwasokoneza kukula kwachilengedwe. Kusunga nthawi yodziwika bwino kumathandiza mulching. Nthambi zoyambira, ngati palibe chifukwa chobzala, zimachotsedwa pofunafuna dothi ndikudulira mizu. "Hemp" sikulimbikitsidwa kuti uchoke.
Nthawi ziwiri kapena zitatu pakatha nyengo, mutha kupanga mavalidwe apamwamba. Chapakatikati, mbewuyo imafunikira nayitrogeni. Itha kuwola manyowa kapena humus (15-20 l) kufalikira mozungulira bwalo, urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate (10-15 g pa 10 l yamadzi) kapena kulowetsedwa kwa green nettle, masamba a dandelion (kapena masamba ena aliwonse).
Urea, monga feteleza wina wokhala ndi nayitrogeni, imalimbikitsa chomera kuti chimange chomera chobiriwira, chomwe ndichofunikira kwambiri mchaka
Mukapangidwa ndikucha chipatso, tchire zimadyetsedwa ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu (25-30 g ya superphosphate yosavuta ndi potaziyamu pa 10 l yamadzi). Njira ina yachilengedwe ndiyo kulowetsapo phulusa la nkhuni (1 lita imodzi ya malita atatu a madzi otentha). Mukatha kukolola, kuvala komweko kumachitikanso. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kovuta (WA, Autumn).
Phulusa la nkhuni - gwero lachilengedwe la potaziyamu ndi phosphorous
Shepherdia imadziwika ndi kukula komanso kuchuluka kwa nthambi, kotero njira yokhayo yofunika kuisamalira ndikudulira. Zomera zotere zimawoneka bwino komanso zokongoletsera. Ndikofunika kuti musakweze kutalika kufika pa 2-2,5 m, ndikufupikitsa mbali yakuwombayo kukhala nthambi zoyamba. Izi zimathandizira kukolola. Ndondomeko ikuchitika zaka 3-5 zilizonse.
Mukamakula, kukula kumacheperachepera, motero zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi zisanu ndi zinayi m'busa amafunikira kudulira kokonzanso. Mphukira zonse zomwe zilipo zaka izi zachotsedwa kwathunthu, zina zonse zimafupikitsidwa ndi kukula kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zapitazi. Izi zimapangitsa chitsamba kupitilira nthambi, zimathandizira kuti zipatso zikule ndikukula kukula kwa chipatso.
Pazodula zokhazokha gwiritsani ntchito zida zakuthwa zokha
Chaka chilichonse, mu kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira, kudulira kachitetezo kumachitika, kuchotsa, kusweka, kuyimitsidwa ndi kusapeza, kuyendetsedwa pansi ndikulowa korona, ndikuwombera.
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Zipatso za ubusiketi silvery, monga momwe ndikudziwira, ndizotsekemera komanso zowawasa, izi zalembedwa m'mabuku onse. Koma wachibale wa m'busa wa siliva - m'busa wa ku Canada - alidi ndi zipatso zowawa.
Mbuye wa maluwa//fialka.tomsk.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=16910
Shepherdia ali ngati chitsamba cham'madzi, kuphatikiza kukoma, ngati batani la radish - banja lokha ndi limodzi ndi mawonekedwe a chipatso - palibenso chofanana.
serov vladimir//fialka.tomsk.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=16910
Ndakhala ndikukula m'busa siliva kwa zaka ziwiri tsopano. Chitsamba chokongola chopanda mavuto, sichidaphuke.
Valeric//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=290565
Chaka chilichonse ndimatola ubusa. Kucha, pafupifupi mabulosi amchere: wokoma, wowawasa pang'ono, kulawa kwamaso akupezekapo, koma pang'ono. Bulosi uyu ndimakonda masewera, koma ndimakonda kwambiri, ndimawuma kwambiri ndikudya nthawi yozizira, ngati mbewu. M'dziko lathu, Shepherdia samakula ndi mitengo yazitatu ndipo, mwakulemera kwa zipatso, imawoneka ngati ivushka.
Lyudmila I//otvet.mail.ru/question/171230749
Shepherdia, ndizomera zabwino. Zomera zazimuna ndi zazikazi zimatha kusiyanitsidwa kokha ndi maluwa: mwa amuna ndi ozungulira, akulu, mwa akazi - owoneka, ochepa. Masamba a maluwa amapangidwa pachaka mphukira ndi mphukira zopitilira. Maluwa amatengedwa mumafupipafupi owoneka ngati mkokomo. Kusintha mu Shepherdia, komanso zokhudzana zoyamwa ndi nyanja buckthorn, mtanda, sucker ndi abusa ndi mungu mungu, nyanja buckthorn ndi mungu mungu. Ndidatenga zikhalidwe za akazi osiyana siyana, ndizochepa, pafupifupi theka la mita, sizikula posachedwa.
Peregrina//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=2168
Monga nyanja yamtundu wamtchire, Shepherdia ndi chomera chamitundu mitundu. Kuti muchulukane, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi chomera chachimuna ndi chachimuna. Kwazaka zingapo tsopano, chomera chachikazi cha Shepherdia, cholumikizidwa kumtunda wamchere, chikutuluka, chifukwa cha chomera chachimuna, thumba losunga mazira, ngakhale limapangika, koma limagwa mwachangu. Sikoyenera kuda nkhawa kuti nyengo ya chisanu imakhala yofewa kwambiri, imakhala yosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, komanso, yopanda chilala, singatengeke ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus.
Sergey Lazurchenko//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=2168
Inemwini, lingaliro langa ndilakuti ngati mukufuna kusunga ubusa chifukwa cha zipatso, simuyenera kutero! Mabulosi, makamaka, ndiwosangalatsa, koma mawonekedwe a Suckers ambiri samamasulidwa kwathunthu kwa iwo. Mukazisunga, ndizongotolera kokha, “zachilendo” monga momwe ndiriri, kusonkhanitsa zonse zomwe zingatheke ndi zosatheka patsamba lake.
Nikolay wa ku Samara//club.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=2168
Kukula m'busa sikufuna kuwononga nthawi ndi mphamvu kuchokera kwa wolima dimba. Ndikokwanira kumusamalira pang'ono, kotero kuti chitsamba kwa zaka zambiri chidakongoletsa mundawo. Chomera chimadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola, achilendo kwambiri komanso zabwino za chipatso. Zonsezi zimapangitsa kukula kwachangu kwa kutchuka kwake. Shepherdia ikufalikira pang'onopang'ono ku Russia. Amatha kuchoka m'munda wamaluwa mwachitsanzo, nyanja yam'madzi.
