Kulima adyo nthawi yachisanu ndi kotchuka kwambiri pakati pa olima maluwa, ndipo ambiri aiwo amakumana ndi zovuta ngati chikaso pamasamba a mbewu zazing'ono. Kuti mupewe izi, muyenera kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu cha adyo, komanso njira zowathetsera komanso kupewa.
Zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu cha masamba a adyo mchaka ndi momwe mungazithetsere
Kupaka utoto wamalimwe kumapeto kwa kasupe, monga lamulo, sikugwirizana ndi matenda kapena tizirombo (pankhaniyi, adyo nthawi zambiri amatembenukira chikasu pambuyo pake - kumapeto kwa Meyi kapena koyambirira kwa June), kotero kudzakhala kosavuta kuthana ndi vuto lotere.
- Ayambika kwambiri. Mutha kumva chikaso cha masamba a adyo ngati mwayamba kugwa nthawi yozizira kwambiri. Chomera pamenepa chimatha kupanga masamba ndikupita kukazizira nawo. Potere, masamba amagwera m'malo osavomerezeka (ozizira, opanda magetsi, chivundikiro chachikulu cha chipale chofewa), zomwe zimakhudza chitukuko chawo ndikuwoneka, mwatsoka, chomera chotere sichingatheke kubweretsa mbewu yabwino. Kuti mupewe mavuto otere, yesani kubzala adyo posachedwa kuposa pakati pa Okutobala (kumwera kumwera - koyambirira kapena pakati pa Novembala), nyengo yozizira ikadzakhazikika. Kuti mutsitsimutse masamba achikasu, agwiritse ntchito njira yothandizira (Epin kapena Zircon achite), mutakonzekera molingana ndi malangizo. Apatsaninso mbewuzo ndi mavalidwe apamwamba (1 tbsp. Urea + 1 tbsp. Dontho louma la nkhuku + 10 malita a madzi), ndikuwatsanulira mosamala pansi pa msana. Kuphatikiza zotsatirazi, kubwereza kuthirira kwina 2-3 nthawi yotalikirana kwa masiku 10-14. Onaninso kuti nthawi ya adyo imafunika chisamaliro chachikulu.
- Matalala a masika. Kubwezerani masika a masika ndi chinthu chodziwika bwino, ndipo adyo amatha kuvutika nawo. Kuti mupewe izi, tsatirani zolosera zam'mlengalenga kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yochotsa zophukira pansi pokhazikika (zikwangwani zazing'ono zimatha kuchotsedwa mu kanema, chifukwa mphukira zapamwamba mudzayenera kumanga nyumba yobiriwira kuti isaziwononge). Ngati simunathe kuphimba adyo munthawi yake, gwiritsani masambawo ndi njira yothira (Epin kapena Zircon ndi yoyenera), mutakonza mogwirizana ndi malangizo.
- Kuzama koperewera. Ngati adyo anu amapanga masamba achikasu nthawi yomweyo ndiye chizindikiro chodzala mbewu pang'ono m'nthaka. Pankhaniyi, miyeso ndi yofanana ndikamatumiza koyamba. Kuti mupewe zoterezi mtsogolomo, muyenera kukumbukira kuti muyenera kudzala ma cloves akuya mpaka 4-5 masentimita, kenako mulch pa kama ndi dambo la utuchi kapena udzu wa 8-10 cm.
- Kuperewera kwa michere. Nthawi zambiri, chikaso cha masamba a adyo chimawonetsa kusowa kwa nayitrogeni kapena potaziyamu. Pankhaniyi, kuvala pamizu ndi foliar kumakhala kothandiza.
- Kudyetsa njira 1. Kwezani kanjira ndipo pakati mupange poyambira (2-3 cm). Thirani urea mu mulingo wa 15-20 g / m2. Dzazani ndi dziko lapansi ndi madzi ochuluka. Sakanizani bedi (udzu kapena utuchi utha kugwira ntchito bwino) kuti dothi likhale lonyowa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo feteleza amasungunuka.
- Kudyetsa njira yachiwiri. Konzani yankho la ammonia (1 tbsp. L. mankhwalawa amadzipereka mu malita 10 a madzi) ndikutsanulira mosamala zikumera pansi pa msana.
- Kudyetsa njira nambala 3. Konzani yankho pofinya 20-25 g wa urea mu 10 l madzi. Pukuta masamba kuchokera ku botolo la utsi. Bwerezani izi pambuyo masiku 7-10. Chithandizo chotere chimachitika bwino madzulo nyengo yadzuwa.
- Kudyetsa njira No. 4 (ya dothi lochala chonde). Konzani yankho pofinya 5 g ya potaziyamu sulfate mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Pukuta masamba kuchokera ku botolo la utsi. Chithandizo chotere chimachitika bwino madzulo nyengo yadzuwa. Muthanso kuwonjezera potaziyamu ndi kuthirira, koma kuti mupeze feteleza 15-20 g pa 10 malita a madzi.
Kukongoletsa adyo kumayambiriro kasupe nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa kusowa kwa michere
Nthawi zonse ndimakhala ndi adyo wabwino. Ndimasulira ndi potaziyamu sulfate. Supuni imodzi ya potaziyamu sulphate pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Pukusira madzulo kuti yankho lisamayime msanga padzuwa. Kwa mabedi - yankho la organics malingana ndi izi Chinsinsi. Limbikani pa udzu wosenga, onjezani phulusa lamatabwa ndikuthiramo. Ndipo kumene, zilowerere zovala za adyo mu potaziyamu permanganate.
milena40
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Zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu chamaso - video
Kupewa chikasu masamba a adyo
Sikovuta kuletsa chikaso cha adyo - kuwonjezera pa malingaliro omwe ali pamwambawa onena za nthawi komanso kuya kwa kufesa kwa zovala, ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo osavuta pokambirana pamasamba ndi kukonza mbewu.
Kusankhidwa koyenera ndi kukonzekera kwa malo ofesa
Kwa adyo, madera okhala ndi mchenga wopepuka kapena dothi louma lomwe lili pamalo opepuka ndi abwino. Kuphatikiza apo, tsamba lomwe mwasankhalo siliyenera kukhala lonyowa, chifukwa chake onetsetsani kuti pansi panthaka pakuya osachepera 1.5m mwezi umodzi asanabzalidwe, nthaka iyenera kuthiridwa feteleza, kotero onjezani feteleza otsatirawa pa mamita2: humus (5-6 kg) + iwiri superphosphate (supuni 1) + potaziyamu sulphate (supuni ziwiri) + phulusa la nkhuni (250-350 g, ndipo ngati munasintha dothi, ndiye kuti mukukhala 250-200 g). Ngati dothi ndi lolemera, mwachitsanzo, dongo, ndiye kuti muwonjezere mchenga pamtunda wa 3-5 kg / m2.
Kuchulukana kwa dothi
Kwa adyo, madera omwe amakhala ndi acidity yotsika kapena osalowerera ndendende amawakonda, kotero ngati kuli kotheka, kuwaza phulusa (300-350 g / m masiku 5-7 musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamkulu2) kapena dolomite (350-400 g / m2), kenako kukuwa malowa.
Deoxidation ndikofunikira ngati zolengeza zopepuka zikuwonekera pamwamba pa nthaka, mahatchi, mbewa kapena dambo limamera bwino kapena madzi osakhazikika amadziunjikira mumayenje.
Kugwiritsa ntchito phulusa kumangothandiza kuti nthaka isakuonongeke, komanso kumachulukitsa ndi zinthu zofunikira
Kutembenuza kwambewu
Ndikofunika kubzala adyo pamalo ake oyambira pambuyo pa zaka 3-4. Ngati mulibe mwayi wowetsa manyowa, ndiye kuti yesetsani kulima adyo komwe ma beets ndi kaloti adakulira kale, chifukwa amathetsa dothi. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, adyo sayenera kubzala pamalo omwe kale amagwiritsidwa ntchito phwetekere, ma radishi ndi radives, komanso anyezi a mitundu yonse, chifukwa pamenepa pali ngozi ya kusowa kwa zakudya zochepa, komanso matenda opatsirana ndi matenda wamba ndi tizirombo (anyezi kuuluka, anyezi nematode, fusarium).
Kufufuza adyo musanafesere
Pali mitundu ingapo ya njira yothetsera, ndipo mutha kusankha njira yokongola kwambiri kwa inu:
- Njira yothetsera wa potaziyamu permanganate. Sungunulani 1 g wa ufa mu 200 g wamadzi ndikuyika mkati mwa cloves kwa maola 10.
- Phulusa. Makapu awiri a phulusa amathira malita awiri a madzi otentha ndikuloleza. Kenako ikani gawo lowala mu mbale ina ndikulowetsamo mano kwa ola limodzi.
- Kusakaniza. Konzani mchere wothira mchere (6 tbsp. L. Wopukusidwa mu 10 l yamadzi) ndikuyika ma cloves mmenemo kwa mphindi 3, ndipo atangomaliza - mu njira ya mkuwa wa sulfate (1 tsp. Uphatikizidwe wa mchere mu 10 l yamadzi) 1 mphindi
Mosiyana ndi mbewu za masika, adyo sikuyenera kutsukidwa. Koma kumbukirani kuti pambuyo pa chithandizo chilichonse, adyo amafunika kuti ziume kaye musanafesere mu nthaka, momwemonso pokonzekera tsiku lisanafesedwe.
Monga mukuwonera, kuti musawonekere kuwononga masamba a adyo achichepere ndikulimbana sikovuta, ingotsatani malangizo osavuta obzala mbewuyi ndikupanga feteleza pa nthawi. Mosamala chitani tsambalo, konzani mbewu yake pa nthawi yake, ndipo adyo angakusangalatseni ndi thanzi komanso kukolola bwino.
