Ndikofunikira kuti musangokulitsa zokha zamunda ndi zikhalidwe zamtchire, komanso kuziyeretsa munthawi yake, kuti zoyeserera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomera mbewu zikhale zopanda pake, zonse zomwe zimagwira komanso kukoma kwake sizitayika panjira, koma zili patebulo lathu. Mwachitsanzo, sipinachi wodziwika komanso wathanzi. Kodi malamulo ndi mawonekedwe okolola chikhalidwechi ndi ati omwe muyenera kudziwa kuti amadyera ake amathandizanso kubwezeretsa mphamvu zathu ndikukweza mamvekedwe a thupi?
Kodi kukolola sipinachi
Wokolola sipinachi munthawi yake ndi masamba abwino komanso ophika zipatso okhala ndi mavitamini ambiri, mchere wamchere ndi zinthu zina zabwino. Ichi ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha zakudya zosangalatsa, zosangalatsa zomwe zimatha kupikidwanso patebulo lachifumu. Koma ngati mwachedwa kuyeretsa, ndiye kuti mbewuyo idzaleka, masamba ake adzazirala, osakhala opanda kanthu, owuma. Pa sipinachi, palibe ngakhale imodzi, ngakhale yodabwitsa kwambiri, yophika sangaphike saladi wokoma, mazira osenda kapena msuzi wosenda.
Mutha kudula masamba mutangomera masamba 5-6 Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika patatha masiku 30 mpaka 40 zitamera. Nthawi imeneyi zimatengera mitundu komanso nyengo. Ngati sipinachi wabzalidwa nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti mumatha kudyera koyambirira koyambirira kwa Meyi. Kubzala koyambirira kwa masika kudzapereka zipatso pambuyo pake, kumapeto kwa Meyi. Mwa kubzala mbewu kumapeto kwa kasupe ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mutha kukolola mpaka Seputembara. Ndipo kubzala kwa Ogasiti kudzakupatsani zitsamba zatsopano mu Okutobala.
Sipinachi, kuwonjezera pa kakomedwe ndi thanzi labwino, ndizofunika pakukhwima kwake: kukhwima kwake kumachitika pakatha miyezi iwiri mutabzala mbewu
Awa ndi malamulo komanso mfundo zofunika pakukolola. Mukamadula masamba a sipinachi, muyenera kutchera khutu ku zokolola zina, zomwe sizingosunga zipatso zapamwamba zokha, komanso kuwonjezera nthawi ya zipatso:
- kuyeretsa kumalimbikitsidwa m'mawa kutacha kwamame. Pakadali pano, masamba a sipinachi amakhala ndi madzi ambiri komanso amakhala ndi madzi. Mitundu yokolola masana imatha kutha msanga ndi kutaya zipatso;
- Osachotsa amadyera mukangothirira kapena mvula. Masamba odzaza chinyezi ndi osalimba, osweka mosavuta, amatha kuvunda, kuyankhula komanso kuwonongeka, chifukwa chake kudzakhala kovuta kuwanyamula kapena kuwasungira osataya;
- kudula kumachitika bwino patsiku la kumwa kapena kugulitsa, chifukwa masamba sipinachi sakhala osungika kwa nthawi yayitali;
- kukolola sipinji mu magawo angapo, mbewuzo zikamakula ndikupanga masamba atsopano, kufikira nthawi yakuwombera kwakukulu.
Mukamasankha nthawi yokolola, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kusonkhanitsa masamba amodzi kumakhala kwa masiku 10-15. Pambuyo pakuwoneka kwa maununzu, masamba a sipinachi amatha kukhala opanda vuto, owuma.
Sipinachi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha mphindi yowombera, popeza masamba ake ndi osalala, owawa
Momwe mungakolole sipinachi
Pali njira ziwiri zomwe mungakolole sipinachi:
- kusankha;
- olimba.
Kuyeretsa kusankha ndikung'amba pang'ono msipu womwe ungafunike. Choyamba, masamba akulu akunja amakolola. Ayenera kudulidwa, osadulidwa tsinde. Palibe theka la masamba omwe angachotsedwe pachomera chimodzi. Kutsuka kosankha kumakupatsani mwayi wowonjezera nthawi yosonkhanitsa amadyera ndikuwamaliza poyambira kuwombera.
Zokolola zosankhidwa zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi kupatulira kuti muwonjezere mtunda pakati pa mbewu
Kuyeretsa kopitilira kumaphatikizapo kutulutsa kapena kudula mbewuyo pamlingo wamasamba otsika. Ngati chomeracho chatulutsidwa pansi ndi muzu, ndiye kuti pakufunika kuti chikugwedeza, chotsani masamba achikasu, owonongeka, osadetsedwa.
Sipinachi, yomwe imakololedwa ndi muzu, imasungidwa bwino komanso yayitali kuposa masamba osankhidwa mwapadera
Mitengo ya sipinachi yokhazikika ndi achinyamata, athanzi, oyera, oyera masamba popanda kuwonongeka, maluwa zimayambira ndi zosayera za udzu udzu. Zitsamba zololedwa ziyenera kukhala zowuma!
Zomera zokolola zimayikidwa mtanga kapena bokosi lomwe lili ndi mizu (petioles) pansi. Sipinachi imayenda bwino ngati chidebe chophimbidwa, kapena m'mabokosi okhala ndi ayezi titha kunama.
Mukamayendetsa, mabokosi amaphimbidwa ndi filimu, chifukwa masamba a sipinachi amataya msika wawo msika
Momwe mungasungire amadyera
Zothandiza kwambiri ndi masamba atsopano a sipinachi. Muli ndi mndandanda wathunthu wazinthu zofunikira. Ngati amadyawo ayenera kusungidwa kwakanthawi, ndiye kuti masamba oyera osungidwa amawakutidwa ndi thaulo lonyansa ndikutumizidwa ku chidebe cha masamba. Sipinachi yosungidwa motere uyenera kudyedwa mkati mwa masiku awiri. Njira zina zosungira sipinachi:
- ikani masamba oyeretsa, osankhidwa bwino mu chidebe cha chakudya, amathira ndi madzi ozizira ndikuyika thayala pansi pakefufufuu. Mukasintha madzi mu thanki tsiku ndi tsiku, ndiye kuti sipinachi imakhalabe yatsopano komanso yopatsa thanzi sabata imodzi;
- Zomera zouma zoyera zosenda bwino zimakulungidwa zolimba ndi filimu yokakamira ndikuyika mufiriji. Phukusili, sipinachi imakhala yowutsa mudyo komanso yokoma kwa mwezi wathunthu.
Kuonjezera alumali moyo wa amadyera mpaka mwezi, ingolingani ndi kumamatira filimu
Ngati mukufuna yosungirako yotalikirapo, masamba amatha kuyikika, ziume kapena zam'chitini. Ndi chizindikiritso cholondola ndikutsatira malamulo osungira, njira izi zimapulumutsa zothandizira sipinachi kwa miyezi ingapo.
Sipinachi
Kuzizira kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nayi imodzi mwazo:
- Muzimutsuka ndi sipinachi masamba ang'onoang'ono (pafupifupi 1 cm).
Pamaso pa kuzizira, amadyera amalimbikitsidwa kuti azidula m'mizere yaying'ono.
- Flanch adakwaniritsa zakumwa kwa mphindi 1-1.5 m'madzi otentha.
- Lolani kukhetsa, kuzizira.
Blanch sipinachi ndi kuzizira ndi zeta
- Afotokozereni masamba owaza mumtundu wa pulasitiki kapena muikemo makeke, ndikuwatsegulira m'matumba apulasitiki.
- Kuti amaundana.
Sipinachi imasunga bwino zinthu zake zonse mukazizira, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito nthawi iliyonse pachaka
Chonde dziwani: izi sizingapangidwenso chifukwa cha kutentha, chifukwa chake ziyenera kukhala zouma mbali.
Pinachoni yozizira imatha kusungidwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi popanda kutaya phindu lake. Musanagwiritse ntchito, safunikiranso kunyansidwa kwathunthu, ingowonongerani pang'ono. Mitundu yozizira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga sopo, masamba omata masamba ndi ma stew, masaladi, maelemu, masuzi.
Kanema: Njira ziwiri zomasulira sipinachi
Sipinachi wokayika
Kuti ikonzekere, 1 makilogalamu obiriwira masamba adzafunika 100 g mchere:
- Sambani amadyera, kudula mapesi, lolani kuti liume.
- Masamba owuma amamangidwa m'magawo mu ndowa zosambitsidwa, kuthira gawo lililonse ndi mchere, kupuntha pang'ono kapena kupitiriza kuponderezedwa.
- Masamba akayamba kucheka, masamba ena obiriwira owonjezereka amawonjezeredwa.
- Mtsuko wodzazidwa umakutidwa ndi chivindikiro ndikusungidwa mufiriji.
Mchere ndi njira yosungira masamba a sipinachi mpaka nyengo yotsatira.
Sipinachi chowuma
Ndiwosavuta komanso yosavuta kusunga sipinachi wowuma. Ndondomeko itha kuchitika mu uvuni kapena chowumitsa magetsi. Ndikofunikira kuti kuyanika kumachitike pa kutentha osaposa + 30-35 madigiri.
Kuwongolera kutentha kwa chowuma magetsi kumakupatsani mwayi wokhazikitsa kutentha koyenera
Ngati masamba a sipinachi auma mwanjira yachilengedwe, ndikofunikira kuchita njirayo m'malo owuma, opuma bwino, osinthika komanso osinthika masamba.
Sungani masamba owuma mchidebe chagalasi pansi pa chivindikiro.
Siponji sipinachi
Mutha kusunga sipinachi ndi masamba athunthu kapena odulidwa, mosiyana kapena ndi sorelo, omwe amapereka tsogolo lanu kukhala wowawasa pang'ono komanso amakoma. Kuti zisungidwe, masamba opukutira okonzedwa amayenera kupukutidwa kwa mphindi zisanu m'madzi otentha, ndikukhazikika mwamphamvu m'mitsuko. Madzi omasulidwa amathiridwa, ndipo m'malo mwake amatsanulira mchere wowira (50 g mchere pa 1 lita imodzi yamadzi). Pambuyo pake, mabanki amatsekedwa.
Sipinachi wosakanizika ali ndi phindu lofanana ndi zitsamba zatsopano
Pinachi chouma, chophika komanso chakutha chitha kugulidwa pa malo ogawa ndikugwiritsira ntchito kuphika zakudya zosiyanasiyana, koma ndichodalirika kwambiri kukonzekera nokha.
Kuti zoyeserera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula masamba a sipinachi sizothandiza, musanyalanyaze malamulo okolola mbewuyo, yochezerani nthawi yayitali kuti musunge zokolola zamtunduwu wabwino kwambiri ndipo mudzadzipatsa zakudya zapamwamba za sipinachi kwa chaka chonse.
