Wokongola wakuda - biringanya kwa nyengo yotentha

Biringanya ndi masamba okonda kutentha, chifukwa chake, ngakhale njira yapakatikati, kukulitsa dothi losatetezeka nkovuta. Koma chakumwera, kuyambira ku Central Black Earth, uyu ndi msimi wamba. Chimodzi mwazinthu zatsopano zomwe zimapangidwira kuti malo otentha ndi buluu wakuda. Kutchuka kwake kukukula mwachangu, popeza osiyanasiyana ali ndi zabwino zambiri zosakayikira.

Kufotokozera kwamasamba obiriwira Black okongola

Biringanya wakuda wokongola - mitundu yatsopano, koma wakwanitsa kale kukondana ndi ambiri wamaluwa. Kuwerenga malongosoledwe angapo, munthu akhoza kupeza tanthauzo pa masamba ndi masamba omwe adachokera. Zapezeka kuti zonse ndizosavuta. Munthu wokongola wakuda amamasuliridwa ku Chingerezi monga Kukongola Kwachikuda, ndipo pansi pa dzinali ilipo, ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali, mitundu yosiyaniratu (yolondola, yophatikiza) yochokera ku Dutch. Tidzayesa kuthana ndi chisokonezo ndikufotokoza ndendende mitundu yaukongola wakuda.

Chiyambi, dera lakula

Mitunduyi idasanjidwa ku Moscow ndi akatswiri a Agrofirm Search LLC, ndipo sikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikulidwe m'mabizinesi akuluakulu obzala masamba. Malinga ndi State Record of the Russian Federation, pomwe Kukongola kwa Black kunayambitsidwa mu 2006, mitunduyi imalimbikitsidwa kuti ipange minda yazothandizirana panthaka yosatetezedwa. Chifukwa chake, limayang'ana kwambiri nzika wamba za chilimwe ndi alimi ang'onoang'ono.

Zachidziwikire, biringanya sungabzalidwe pamalo otentha, ndipo chikalata chovomereza chiziwonetsa kuti zigawo za Central Black Earth ndi North Caucasus zokha. Komabe, izi sizitanthauza kuti sizingabzalidwe pamalo obiriwira, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi kwakulitsa gawo la kulima mitundu. Imakula bwino munjira yapakati, kuphatikiza m'chigawo cha Moscow, komanso kumadera akutali kwambiri.

Makhalidwe azosiyanasiyana

Kukongola kokongola ndi mtundu wamkati wogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chilengedwe: mbale zingapo zimakonzedwa kuchokera pamenepo, komanso kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Chitsamba cha biringanya chimakhala chamlingo wapakatikati, chofalikira: pafupifupi masentimita 70. Tsinde limakhala lilac kapena lamtambo, lokhala ndi masitupi ofupika, aubwino pakatikati. Masamba nawonso amakhala abwinobwino, obiriwira, prickly.

Zipatsozi ndizowoneka ngati peyala, zofiirira kapena zofiirira zakuda, zopyapyala, zimakula kutalika mpaka pafupifupi masentimita 1313, nthawi zina mpaka 20 cm. Mkulu wawo umachokera ku 120 mpaka 200 g. Mkati mwa zipatsozo muli mnofu wofiirira wopanda khungu kuwawa ndi pang'ono mbewu. Peel ndi yochepa kwambiri. Kukoma kwa zakudya zilizonse zochokera pachilumbachi kumanenedwa kukhala kwabwino kwambiri.

Zipatso zamphesa zathunthu za Kukongola kwa Black zitha kukhala ndi mtundu wakuda

Zokolola ndizoposa avareji, pafupifupi ngati diamondi odziwika bwino. Ndi chitsamba chimodzi chokhala ndiukadaulo waluso wazolowera, mutha kusonkha pafupifupi 3 kg wa biringanya. Kutulutsa kwapakatikati pa 1 mita² ndi pafupifupi 7-8 kg. Mitundu ya Buluu ya Biringanya imasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo imatha kupirira mayendedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa mitundu yambiri kukhala yamalonda.

Potseguka, zipatso zoyambirira ndi zokonzeka kukolola pafupifupi masiku 120-140 pambuyo poti mbewu yoyamba idatulutsidwa, mu wowonjezera kutentha pang'ono koyambirira. Kubzala mbewu panthawi yake, izi zimachitika pakati pa chilimwe; Zipatso zimatha mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, ndipo kumwera zimagwira mwezi woyamba wa yophukira. Zipatso zimakhazikitsidwa, kuyambira pamtengo wotsika kwambiri wa chitsamba.

Akatswiri amalangizira kuti asamangodikira mpaka biringanya atakhwima kwathunthu, komanso kufikira kukula kotheka: zitsanzo zazing'onoting'ono zazing'onoting'ono zimacheperachepera, ngakhale kusenda sikofunikira.

Kutsutsa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ku matenda odziwika kwambiri kuli kopitilira muyeso, kumathandizanso kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi nyengo. Komabe, mukukula mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chinyezi ndi kutentha: popanda kutsitsa, mwayi wa matenda amtundu uliwonse wa biringanya ukuwonjezeka kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, Kukongoletsa Kwathupi ndi biringanya wapakatikati ndi nyengo yokhala ndi zipatso zokongola zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi onse.

Gome: Zofunikira zazikulu za biringanya Wakuda wokongola

Maonekedwe a mbewu

Ndi kulima koyenera, zipatso za buluu wakuda zimadziwika ndi kukula wamba komanso mtundu wamba wa biringanya. Pomwe zinali zotheka kunena kuti zipatsozo ndizodziwika bwino maonekedwe. Tsopano, munthawi yamitundu yosiyanasiyana, izi zitha kukhala kukokomeza.

Zipatso za Biringanya Mwamuna wakuda wokongola amawoneka ngati peyala, ndipo utoto wawo ndi wabwino kwambiri

Pamtchire, zipatso nthawi zambiri zimakonzedwa ngati awiriawiri kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, mtunda wocheperako wina ndi mnzake. Nthawi yomweyo, gulu la mazira, monga lamulo, limabadwa ndikusunga nthawi imodzi.

Mnyamata wokongola amabala zipatso m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, ngakhale sangatchulidwe masango

Zabwino ndi zoyipa, kusiyana kwa mitundu ina

Izi sizikutanthauza kuti ndemanga zonse zamitunduyi zimayenerana ndi gawo la "Ah!", Koma okonda ndi akatswiri amadziwa zambiri zabwino za Black Handsome ndi Amateurs. Mwachitsanzo, kusuntha kwa kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso, komanso:

• zokolola zambiri;
• kuphatikizika kwa mbewu;
• chiwonetsero chabwino cha zipatso, mayendedwe ake;
• kulawa kwabwino kwa zakudya zilizonse zophika, popanda kuwawa;
• kunyansala pakuchoka;
• matenda akulu;
• kusinthasintha kwanyengo;
• kuchuluka kwa mbewu.

Zoyipa zomwe zili pachibale nthawi zambiri zimasonyezedwa:

• kuthekera kokukula mumsewu wapakati popanda wowononga;
• kudalira kwamphamvu zokolola pamlingo waukadaulo waulimi;
• kufunikira kwakukulu pa kuyatsa.

Komabe, mitundu yodziwika yokha ndiyopanda zovuta izi. Chifukwa chake, palibe mitundu yambiri ya dothi losatetezedwa yomwe imalimidwa popanda mavuto m'malo ozizira. Ngakhale, mwachitsanzo, a King of the North hybrid amakula bwino popanda ma greenhouse ngakhale ku Siberia, koma kuwunikira za kukoma kwake kumatsutsana kwambiri. Mitundu ya Negus ndi yabwino kwambiri pamkhalidwe wotere, koma zipatso zake kuti azilawa zimawunikidwa ngati zabwino zokha. Mtundu wa biringanya wa Ezul umayamikiridwa kwambiri, koma zokolola zake ndizochepa.

Kapangidwe ka chipatso, mitundu iyi imakumbukira pang'ono za mbatata za Albatross, zopangidwa kudera la Lower Volga, koma Albatross amadzuka kale, ndipo kulimbana kwake ndi matenda kumakulirakulira. M'mbuyomu, zipatso zooneka ngati ngale za Vera zakonzeka kuti zikololedwe, koma sizingadzitame chifukwa cha zipatso. Komabe, kuyerekezerako kungapitirire mpaka kalekale: ngati mitundu yabwino idakhalapo, ena sangafunikire.

Mawonekedwe obzala ndi kukula

Kokha kum'mwera kwenikweni ndikumatha kukulitsa ma biringanya m'njira zopanda mbewu, ndipo ngakhale atatero amayesa kubzala mitundu yakucha. Kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yokolola munthu wa Black Handsome, kufesa mbewu m'mundamu ndikofunikira kumayambiriro kapena kumapeto kwa Epulo. Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya panthawiyi kwakonzedwa osachepera 15 ^zaC, ndiye kumwera amafesa mbewu pabedi mpaka akuya masentimita awiri, kubzala mabowo atatu mu dzenje lirilonse. Monga lamulo, mbewu zonse sizimera, choncho zimasiya chimodzi, chotulutsa cholimba, nthawi zina ziwiri. Koma ngakhale kumadera otentha, mbewu zimakutidwa ndi filimu, ndipo mbande zimasungidwa pakanema.

Kubzala ndi kukula mbande

Mwambiri, nthawi zambiri kulima biringanya kumayamba ndi kufesa mbewu za mbande. Iyenera kukhala yakukula kunyumba, chifukwa ndi chikhalidwe chokonda kwambiri kutentha. Amakonzekera njirayi nthawi yayitali, kusungitsa mbewu, dothi loti mbande komanso zida zosavuta nthawi yozizira.

Kukula mbande za biringanya kumaphatikiza magawo omwe amadziwika bwino ndi aliyense wamaluwa, chifukwa chikhalidwe ichi ndi bwino kuchita popanda kutola, nthawi yomweyo fesani mbewu m'miphika yayikulu, mwabwino. Njira yakukula mbande ndi yayitali komanso yovuta, ili ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• mankhwala ophera tizilombo (theka la mankhwalawa ola limodzi ndi yankho lamdima la potaziyamu permanganate) ndi dothi (sipayilani ndi yankho la pinki lokonzanso);
• kuumitsa kwa mbewu zotupa mufiriji ndikusintha ndi zina zokuza zokula (osachepera 1: 5 madzi a mandimu ndi madzi);
• kufesa mbewu m'matumba a peat kuya kuya kwa 1.5-2 cm;
• kukakamiza kutsika kwa kutentha kwa mpweya ndi masiku 5-6 mpaka 8-10 ^zaKuchokera atangotulutsa mphukira yoyamba;
• kusunga kutentha kosachepera 23-25 ^zaC apa;
• kuthirira kosowa kwenikweni komanso mavalidwe apamwamba a 2-3 ndi zovuta feteleza;
• kuumitsa kwa mbande, womwe unachitika patadutsa masiku 7, asanaikidwe pansi.

Mbande zamtundu uliwonse wa biringanya zobzalidwa pabedi ali ndi zaka 60-70 masiku. Mbande zabwino ndi zitsamba zosachepera 20cm; ziyenera kukhala ndi masamba akuluakulu 5 mpaka 8. Pobiriwira, mbuto zopanda dothi, mbande zitha kusunthidwa pokhapokha kutentha kwa nthaka kukwera mpaka 15 ^zaC. Ngati kutentha kwapakati tsiku lililonse pofika nthawi ino sichinafikire 18-20 ^zaC, malo osungira mafilimu osakhalitsa ayenera kukhala okonzeka.

Mbewu zabwino zodziyankhira zimafanana ndi kamtengo kakang'ono

Nthawi yokhayo yobzala mbande sizimangotengera nyengo yayitali, komanso nyengo yamakono m'derali. Pafupifupi chakum'mwera, mbande zimasinthidwa kumunda kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena koyambirira kwa Meyi, m'chigawo chapakati mwezi umodzi, komanso ku Siberia kapena Urals - pakati pa Juni. Komabe, bambo wokongola wakuda sayenera kubzalidwa m'nthaka yosatetezedwa kumadera komwe kumakhala nyengo yabwino, sanapangire izi. Ndikwabwino kubzala mbande madzulo dzuwa litalowa, ndipo ndibwino kwambiri ngati nyengo yamitambo ikuyembekezeredwa masiku atatu otsatira.

Kubzala mbande pansi ndikuusamaliranso

Mabatani a biringanya amakonzekera kale asanadzalemo mbande, moyenera - ngakhale kugwa. Alinso odziwika bwino manyowa owola ndi kuphatikiza nkhuni phulusa ndi zochepa feteleza wa mchere. Malo omwe ali pansi pa biringanya ayenera kukhala otentha komanso otsekedwa chifukwa cha mphepo yozizira. Mu nyengo yotentha yosakwanira, mabedi "ofunda" amapangidwira masamba awa: Zomera zosiyanasiyana zimayikidwa m'malo otsika, kuwonongeka kwake komwe kumayambitsa kutentha kwa nthaka muzu. Biringanya wobzalidwa mozama pang'ono poyerekeza ndi momwe amakulira m'miphika.

Tchire la Kukongola Kwa Mtengo limayikidwa pabedi malinga ndi njira iliyonse yabwino, koma mtunda pakati pawo umasungidwa osachepera 40-50 cm. Njira yodzala mbande za biringanya uyu si yosiyana ndi yomwe ambiri amavomereza. Miphika ya peat yokhala ndi mbande imayikidwa mumabowo omwe amakumbidwa pang'ono ndi kuya pang'ono, pafupifupi masentimita 2-3. Malo otsetsereka pankhani ya biringanya sagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikofunika kumamatira matendawa nthawi yomweyo: ngakhale kuti mtunduwu siwamtali kwambiri, umafunikira garter. Mbande pamalo atsopano amathiriridwa ndi madzi otenthetsedwa ndi dzuwa, pambuyo pake dothi lozungulira mbewuzo limakutidwa ndi woonda wosinja mulch. Onetsetsani kuti mwabisala koyamba, zabwino koposa zonse - zopanda zinthu.

Mbande ya biringanya imabzalidwa vertically ndipo pafupifupi sinaikidwe.

Poyamba, mpaka mbande zikulimba ndikuyambiranso kukula, palibe chomwe chikuyenera kuchitidwa, kupatula kuyang'anira pogona. Ndiye kusamalira biringanya kumakhala ndi kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kupanga chitsamba, garter icho. Biringanya wakuda Buluu wokongola ndi amodzi amtundu wa hygrophilous, ndipo uyenera kuthiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi, kamodzi pa sabata ndikutulutsa kwa ndowa 3-4 pa mita imodzi. Ndikofunika kuchita izi madzulo, kutenthetsa dzuwa ndi madzi.

Pakulima zipatso zochuluka, amathiramo madzi pafupipafupi. Pambuyo kuthirira ndi kuyanika pang'ono padziko lapansi, kumasula nthaka mosafunikira ndikofunikira, limodzi ndi chiwonongeko cha namsongole. Popita nthawi, tchire lidzatseka, kudzakhala kovuta kumasula, m'malo mwake limagwiritsa ntchito mulching mosadukiza wamundawo.

Patha masabata 1.5-2 kuchokera povundula mbande, biringanya amapatsidwa zovala zoyambirira zapamwamba, ndipo nthawi 3-4 zokha zimadyetsedwa nthawi yotentha. Zamoyo siziyenera kupatsidwanso zambiri, ndipo nayitrogeni wopanga nayenso: izi zimapangitsa kukula kwambiri kwa tchire kuti kuwonongeke kwa zipatso zonse. Ndipo ngati kudya koyamba kumachitika ndi kulowetsedwa kwa feteleza wachilengedwe (mullein kapena ndowa) kapena ndi yankho la feteleza wovuta (monga azofoska), ndiye kuti nayitrogeni imachepetsedwa mtsogolo. Amagwiritsa ntchito superphosphate ndi mchere wam potaziyamu, koma mutha kusintha izi ndi phulusa wamba pamoto.

Mukakulitsa biringanya, Kukongola kwa Black sikungachite popanda kupangidwa chitsamba. Zimayamba ndikuti mbewu zonse zimachotsedwa pansi pa foloko yoyamba. Mukafika kutalika kwa 35 cm, tsinani mphukira wamkulu. Pakakhala nyengo yoipa, kuyesa kusunga zosachepera zomwe zimapezeka, stepons zimachotsedwanso. Ngati maluwa ndi ambiri m'mimba mwake ndi ambiri, ofooka kwambiri amachotsedwa: zipatso zoposa 10 zomwe zatha bwino kutchire siziposa mphamvu. Masamba akatembenukira chikasu, nawonso amadulidwa; Chotsani zomwe zimakwirira zipatso padzuwa.

Kanema: Kubzala biringanya poyera

Ndemanga

Biringanya "Wokongola" Ndinayamba kukula zaka zitatu zapitazo. Nditangogula mbewuzo ndinazizindikira ndikazitenga. Ndipo ndinawakonda kwambiri. Nyengo ino sindinatengepo mbewu ina iliyonse kupatula "Kukongola Kwakuda".

Kondratyuk

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Zolipidwa biringanya zosiyanasiyana Black wokongola. Ndimakonda kwambiri, osati zowawa kwathunthu, koma za kucha mochedwa. Mitundu yanga yomwe ndimakonda!

Nymphaeum

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Adabzala "Kukongola kwakuda" biringanya wabwino, koma zaka ziwiri zapitazi ndidabzala "Helios" kokha, mozungulira, popanda kuwawa.

Alla Terekhova

//otvet.mail.ru/question/71837807

... osakondwera ndi zokolola. Ndi Giselle sitingafanane. Koma akangolankhula chilichonse. Ndikwabwino kulemba za iye, mwina ndidzayesanso kucheza naye.

Zoyipa

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Biringanya wakuda wokongola, mosakayikira, ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri zamkati mwa nyengo. Tsoka ilo, m'nthaka yosatetezedwa ingabzalidwe kokha pamalo otentha, komabe, m'malo obiriwira, mitunduyi imalimidwa m'malo apansi. Kukoma kwakukulu kwa chipatso ndikuyenera kuyesetsa kusamalira biringanya.