Kukongola Kumpoto: timalima mphesa zosagwira chisanu m'mundamo

Mphesa ndi chikhalidwe cha thermophilic. Koma okhala kumbali zakumpoto kwa dziko lathu ali ndi mwayi wakukula masango akulu ndi okoma pachiwembu chawo. Zoweta zimabzala mitundu yolimbana ndi chisanu, chimodzi mwa izo ndi Kukongola Kumpoto.

Kodi mitundu ya mphesa ya Krasa Severa idapezedwa bwanji: mbiri yachidule

Kukongola Kumpoto (dzina lina ndi Olga) kwapangidwa ndi omwe amagulitsa vinyo ku Russia kwa zaka makumi angapo. Zosiyanasiyana zidaphatikizidwa mu State Register of Selection Achievement mu 1994, ngakhale mphesa izi zakhala zikuyesedwa mosiyanasiyana kuyambira 1977. Zosiyanasiyana zidapangidwira zigawo zakumpoto. Mpaka pano, Kukongola Kumpoto ndi chimodzi mwazabwino kwambiri pokana chisanu ndi chisanu.

Mitundu ya haibridi idapezeka podutsa mphesa ya pinki ya Zarya Severa ndi Taifi ndi akatswiri a I.V. Michurin Central genetic Laborator. Maukwati I.M. Filippenko ndi I.L. Shtin adamupatsa dzina la Olga kulemekeza mwana wawo wamkazi, ndipo pambuyo pake adalandira dzina lapakati - Krasa Severa.

Mphesa mitundu kumpoto - imodzi yabwino kwambiri kukokana chisanu

Makonda ndi mawonekedwe ake

Krasa Severa ndi mphesa zamtundu wa gome (ngakhale amisiri ena amapanga vinyo wabwino wochokera kwa iwo) ndipo ndi wa mitundu yoyambirira yachikhalidwe (nyengo yakula ndi masiku 110 okha). Masamba omasuka komanso m'malo mwake ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Kulemera kwa burashi imodzi ya mphesa kumakhala pafupifupi 250 g.

Kulemera kwa burashi ya mitundu ya mphesa Krasa Severa pafupifupi 250 g

Zipatsozo ndizazikulu, zozungulira kapena zozungulira. Pulogalamuyi ndi yowutsa mudyo, kukoma kwake ndikosangalatsa, pang'ono pang'ono, pang'ono pang'ono. Peel ya zipatso imapakidwa utoto wonyezimira chikasu, koma ndi kukhwima kwathunthu zipatsozo zimasanduka zoyera ndi pang'ono pang'onopang'ono.

Kukucha mphesa kumachitika kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Zosiyanasiyana sizigwirizana ndi chisanu ndipo zimatha kupirira kutentha kwa nthawi yozizira mpaka -26 ° C, ndipo pogona pabwino sikukhala kuzizira mpaka -30 ° C.

Gome: Zosiyanasiyana ndi Zoyipa

Zambiri zodzala manyowa a mphesa

Ngakhale Kukongola Kumpoto ndikoyenera kumera madera okhala ndi nyengo yosavomerezeka ndi chikhalidwe chakumwera ichi, kuti mukule mbewu yabwino ya mphesa, muyenera kusankha malo oyenera kubzala ndikuwoka mpesa mogwirizana ndi malamulo onse.

Mphesa zimakhala zazikulu, ngati mungasankhe malo oyenera kubzala

Kusankha malo abwino kwambiri

Malo omwe amafikira kukongola kwa North akuyenera kukhala dzuwa ndi kutetezedwa ku mphepo. Komanso posankha malo, muyenera kuganizira zotsatirazi:

• mphesa sizilekerera ngakhale kugwedezeka kwakanthawi. M'mikhalidwe yotere, nthawi yakucha ya zipatso imachulukanso, milimba imachepa, kusakhazikika kwa mbewu kumachepa, zimapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha matenda oyamba ndi fungus;
• mutha kubzala mbewu m'chigwa, chifukwa mpweya ndiwofunda pano, womwe umayambitsa mpesa;
• sikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mphesa pamphepete wakumpoto, komanso misewu yapafupi, popeza nthaka yolimba ndiyothekera kuzizira;
• mizere ya mphesa iziyenera kukonzedwa kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kumwera. Chifukwa chake zimawunikiridwa mokwanira pa dzanja limodzi m'mawa, ndi pambuyo pa nkhomaliro mbali inayo.

Kuti mphesa zibereke zipatso mokhulupirika, muyenera kuzibzyala m'malo otentha

Timakonzera dzenje pokokera

Mipesa iyenera kutetezedwa ku kuzizira. Kuti izi zitheke, alimi odziwa bwino amalangizidwa kuti abzale chikhalidwe chaminga 30-30 cm.

Mphesa zimalangizidwa kuti zibzalidwe mumiyendo kapena m'mabokosi 30 mpaka 40 cm

Malangizo:

1. Choyamba, amakumba ngalande, ndipo mmenemo mumakhala mabowo 80x80 cm kukula kwake.
   

   Maenje akuluakulu a masentimita 80x80 amakonzedwa mu ngalande iliyonse 1.5-2 m

2. Mapulani kapena zidutswa za slate amayikika pambali.
3. Ngalande zodulira pansi zimayikidwa pansi, pomwe pamaikidwa zigawo za nthambi ndi tchipisi zamatanda.
4. Humus ndi wosakanikirana (ndowa 2-3), feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu (300 g), zidebe za 1/2 za phulusa la nkhuni. Thirani osakaniza mu kukhetsa ndi kupondaponda.
   

   Drainage imathiridwa pansi, gawo lama michere kuchokera ku humus, phulusa ndi feteleza

5. Dothi lapansi limatsanuliridwa feteleza.

Timabzala mbande zamphesa

Madeti obzala mphesa - Juni 1-10. Panthawi imeneyi, vuto la kuzizira kozizira limadutsa, ndipo mbande zimamera bwino.

1. Mizu yopanda ma CD ndikuwongola.
2. Dziko lapansi limagwedezeka ndipo mmera umayikidwa mu dzenjelo.
3. Ma voids amaphimbidwa ndi dothi kuti masentimita 30 mpaka 40 akhalebe m'mphepete mwa ngalawo, ndipo phesi limakutidwa kwathunthu ndi dothi. Pankhaniyi, apereka mizu yowonjezereka, yomwe ipereka zakudya zofunikira kuthengo. Pukuta dothi pang'ono.
4. Mutabzala, mmera uyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri (pafupifupi malita 15 mpaka 20 a madzi pachomera chilichonse). Mphesa wam'ng'ono ukamakula, amamanga ndikudula ma stepons pamwamba pa tsamba loyamba kapena lachiwiri.

Mmera umadzalidwa mu dzenje ndipo matowo amatsekedwa ndi dothi kuti masentimita 30 mpaka 40 akhalebe m'mphepete mwa ngalande

Kuti muzitha kusamalira mpesa mosavuta, muyenera kukhazikitsa trellis mwachangu. Kuti muchite izi, kumbali za ngalande amakumba mzati ndi kukoka mizere ya 3-4, yomwe mpesa umamangidwa pambuyo pake.

The kusiyanasiyana kusamalira mphesa zosiyanasiyana Krasa Severa

Zaka zitatu zoyambirira mutabzala, wosamalira mundawo ayenera kuyang'anira kwambiri kupangidwa kwa mipesa ndi kuteteza mphesa ku chisanu.

Kudulira

Nthawi zambiri, mpesa umalimbikitsidwa kuti upange fan. Kupanga otchedwa mikono, kulola mphesa kuti ziwonjezere kupezeka kwa matabwa osatha, amachita izi:

1. M'chaka choyamba, mphukira zolimba kwambiri ziwiri zatsalira ndipo onse a stepons adulidwa.
2. Mu yophukira, pamwamba pa mphukira izi zimadulidwa kukhala 30-40 cm.
3. Chaka chamawa, mphukira 4 zatsalira, kudula stepons kwa iwo.
4. Manja amamangiriridwa ndi waya wa trellis pamakona osaposa 45^za.
5. Mu Ogasiti, kusanja kumachitika. Monga lamulo, oposa theka la mphesa samapsa, ndiye kuti gawo ili liyenera kufupikitsidwa. Amadula waya wam'mwamba wa trellis wapamwamba, ngati timapepala ta 18-22. Njirayi idzakhala yokwanira kupanga chonde kukhala ndi masango akulu.
6. Mu Okutobala, kudulira komaliza kumachitika: masamba onse omwe atsalira pampesa amachotsedwa ndipo mphukira zosapsa zimachotsedwa.

Kupanga mphesa zamtundu umodzi wamagalimoto opangidwa ndi njira imodzi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yobukitsira Kukongola Kumpoto

Ubwino wopanga zimakupiza ndiwodziwikiratu. Tchire tamphesa timayala mbali zonse, ndikothekera kuyala mipesa m'ming'alu kuti nthawi yachisanu izigwira. Nthambi za zipatso zimapereka zipatso zabwino zakupsa bwino, ndipo chitsamba chimatha kubereka zipatso zaka 10-15. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, mutha kungopanga malaya atsopano, ndipo mphesa zipitiliza kupatsa eni ake zokolola zabwino.

Kudyetsa ndi kuthirira

Mphesa zimafunikira kuthirira koyamba theka la chilimwe, pomwe ndikofunikira kupukuta nthaka yonse m'minda. Njirayi imachitika m'mawa kapena madzulo dzuwa litalowa, kuyesa kuti madontho asagwere masamba (izi zimatha kuyambitsa).

Kuthirira madzi kumakhala koyenera kuthirira mphesa - madzi amatsimikiziridwa kuti asagwere masamba

Kukula mphesa kumafuna muzu komanso mizu yowonjezera. Nthawi ndi feteleza za mazenera pamwamba ovala:

1. Kumayambiriro kasupe (mutachotsa pogona). 50 g ya nayitrogeni, 40 g wa phosphorous, 30 g wa feteleza wa potashi amawonjezeredwa ku nkhokwe zomwe anakumba pansi pa chitsamba, kuwaza ndi lapansi.
2. 1.5 masabata asanafike maluwa. Yankho la nkhuku yankhuku (yothiriridwa ndi madzi muyezo wa 1: 2) imasungunulidwa ndi madzi nthawi 5, ndikuwonjezera 20 g ya superphosphate ndi 15 g ya mchere wa potaziyamu (pa 10 l osakaniza). Pa chitsamba muyenera zidebe za 1-2. Pambuyo njirayi, mphesa ziyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri.
3. Nthawi yomwe zipatsozo zimafikira kukula kwa nandolo. Mavalidwe apamwamba, ofanana ndi achiwiri, koma ochepa.
4. Nthawi yakucha ya zipatso ndi 50 g wa potashi ndi feteleza wa phosphorous pa chitsamba chilichonse.

Kavalidwe kabwino kwambiri kamachitika:

• kasupe, asanafike maluwa;
• pambuyo popanga ovary;
• kumayambiriro kwa mabulosi;
• Masiku 10-15 pambuyo pa woyamba.

Pazovala zapamwamba zapamwamba, feteleza wophatikizira ndi kuwonjezera kwa zinthu za trace amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikwabwino kugula zosakanikirana zopangidwa kale (Aquarin, Novofert, Kemira) ndikuchita mogwirizana ndi malangizo.

Mitundu ya Krasa Severa imayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi oidium (powdery mildew) ndi mtundu wofewa (downy mildew), chifukwa chake amalimbikitsidwa kuti azichita kupopera mankhwala mwachisawawa ndi Topaz, Tiovit Jet kapena Ordan. Pangani yankho malinga ndi malingaliro a wopanga ndi ndondomeko ya nthawi ya mphesa.

Zomwe zimapangidwa posakaniza zakudya zophatikiza mphesa zimaphatikizapo mankhwala angapo

Kukonzekera yozizira

Kukolola Kukongola Kumpoto kuyenera kuchotsedwa pakati pa Seputembala, kenako kuchotsa mphukira zonse mu trellis ndikuchita kudulira koyambirira, kuchotsa nthambi zonse zofooka ndi zazing'ono. Kumayambiriro kapena pakati pa Okutobala, kudulira komaliza kumachitika. Amachotsa masamba onse ndikuyeretsa bwino dothi la zinyalala zonse za mbewu. Mphesa zosemedwa zimamangirizidwa limodzi. Kenako iwo ndi dothi lawo amathiridwa ndi 3% yankho la sulfate yachitsulo ndipo nthawi yomweyo, pomwe mphukirowo ndikunyowa, ndikuwaza phulusa (vitriol ndi phulusa kuwononga fungal spores).

Mu ngalande ndi pafupi ndi chomeracho muzigona nyambo ndi chiphe cha mbewa, zomwe zimakopeka kwambiri ndi mipesa nthawi yozizira.

Mizere yopingasa imayikidwa mosamala mumsewu ndipo imakutidwa ndi lapnik, mabatani, zidutswa zamatabwa, zidutswa za linoleum. Mu bokosi lotentha chotere, mipesa ya Kukongola Kumpoto imakhalabe yozizira bwino.

Mpesa umayikiridwa mu ngalande ndikumakutidwa ndi nthambi za spruce, matabwa, zophimba

Kanema: Zinthu zomwe zikukula mu mphesa ku Siberia

Ndemanga zamaluwa

Giredi zabwino, nkhani ndiyotani? Ndizotheka kuti tchire zambiri kuti timasungapo "zaka" "kukhala" kwakanthawi, ndikungoyamba kukula kwa zaka 2-3. Monga lamulo, izi zimachitika chifukwa chakufika kosayenera, ndipo nthawi zambiri - posadulira kochepa panthawi yakufalikira. Mwambiri, mukadzala / kubwezeretsa, chitsamba chizidulidwa masamba a 2-4, izi ndizowopsa, koma ndi anthu ochepa omwe amachita!

KoKuKu

//dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t10077-100.html

Zikuwoneka kuti zonse ndizofanana, iyi ndi imodzi mwazitundu zomwe zimafuna mtengo wamuyaya.

Wolodiya

//vinograd.belarusforum.net/t27-topic

Kwa zaka zitatu sanabala nane zipatso. Mwamtheradi. Chaka chino amadzadula. Koma adaponyera mulu wa inflorescence. Nditenga kanthawi ndi nkhwangwa.

serge47

//vinograd.belarusforum.net/t27-topic

Krasa Severa ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri yolimidwa m'malo okhala ndi nyengo yovuta. Mphesa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukana bwino kwambiri chisanu - mpesa suzizira kozizira pang'ono, ndipo pogona pabwino umapatsa chisanu chambiri ku Siberia. Zipatso zamtunduwu zimakhala ndi thupi lamafuta ndipo ndizokoma kosangalatsa.