Masamba a zipatso ndi amodzi mwa zitsamba zotchuka kwambiri m'minda yathu. Zipatso zotsekemera, zobiriwira zimakondedwa ndi ana ndi akulu onse, ndipo kupanikizana kwa rasipiberi kumatithandiza kunja kuzizira. Pofuna kuti rasipiberi asangalatse m'mundayo ndi zipatso zambiri zonunkhira, mabulosi akuyenera kusamalidwa. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika posamalira mbewuzo ndikudulira bwino kwa rasipiberi.
Kudulira rasipiberi
Masamba a zipatso ndi osatha zipatso omwe mphukira zake zimakhala zaka ziwiri zachitukuko. M'chaka choyamba, mphukira yachinyamata imamera, nthambi ndikuyika maluwa. Mu chaka chachiwiri, ibala zipatso, ndipo chitsamba chimamera mphukira yatsopano. Kuti zipatso zikhale zazikulu komanso zokoma, ndipo chomera kuti chisawonongedwe ndi tizirombo ndi matenda, rasipiberi amafunika chisamaliro. Kutsirira okwanira ndi kudyetsa koyenera ndikofunikira, koma monga palibe chomera china chilichonse, rasipiberi amafunika kudulira. Ngati mphukira sizidadulidwa mu nthawi, chitsamba chimakula kwambiri, chowombelera sichilandira kuwala kokwanira ndi michere ndipo, chifukwa chake, sichikula bwino ndikuyika zipatso zosakwanira. Zipatsozo nthawi yomweyo sizimangokhala zazing'ono zokha, komanso zimakhala zopanda pake.
Kudulira koyenera masamba a rasipiberi ndiko njira yabwino yotuta
Masamba rasipiberi amazidulira kangapo munyengo yolima - kasupe, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira. Njira iliyonse imakhala ndi cholinga, choncho njira zobzala ndizosiyana.
Kanema: momwe angapangire rasipiberi
Udzu wadulira
Kudulira kwa Autumn kumachitika popanda kudikira nyengo yozizira. Nthawi yabwino yogwiranso ntchitoyi ndi sabata pambuyo pokolola. Masamba obwezeretsa posachedwa amachepetsedwa, mphukira zachinyamata zowonjezereka komanso zopatsa thanzi zidzalandira, ndipo zokolola za chaka chamawa zimatengera icho. Mphukira zonse zobowola zimadulidwa ndi ma secateurs pafupi ndi nthaka momwe zingathere. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mu stumps, ngati sanachotsedwe, tizilombo zovulaza zimatha kukhazikika, koma izi sizingapewe. Pa chifukwa chomwechi, nthambi zonse zomwe zimathyoledwa kapena kukhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga zimachotsedwa.
Olima ambiri amalimbikitsa m'dzinja kuti asachotse mphukira wazaka ziwiri zokha, komanso mphukira zazing'onoting'ono. Mwina, madera okhala ndi nyengo yotentha, malangizowa ndi omveka, koma m'malo ovuta kwambiri ndibwino kusiya zonse mphukira mpaka kuphukira. Tchire lokhazikika limatha kupirira chisanu ndikuchedwa chisanu. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kumangirira tchire ndi mapasa ndikuwerama pansi - kotero mbewuyo imadzipeza mwachangu chipale chofewa ndipo sichizizira.
Ndi kudulira kwa yophukira, mphukira zonse za chaka chatha zimachotsedwa
Kudulira rasipiberi
Chisanu chikasungunuka, raspberries wam'madzi amachepetsa. Omangidwa komanso akhomedwa, mphukira ndi ufulu kuyendera. Nthambi zonse zouma ndi zosweka ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mabowo okhuthala amadula. Ngati rasipiberi mwabzala zitsamba, ndiye kuti mphukira 7-10 zotsalira pachomera chilichonse. Nthambi zofooka ndi zofooka.
Mukadulira masika, mphukira zochulukirapo zimachotsedwa ndipo nsonga za mphukira zimafupikitsidwa
Ngati rasipiberi mwakula m'mizere, ndiye kuti pakati pa mphukira yoyandikana mtunda uyenera kukhala 10-15 cm, komanso pakati pa mizere yosakwana mita ndi theka. Zomera zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimabzalidwe, dzuwa ndi michere yambiri yomwe mbewu zimalandira, zipatso zake ndizokulirapo komanso zabwino.
Chapakatikati, muyenera kufupikitsa mphukira kuti kutalika kwake kusapitirire mita ndi theka. Mitu yake imadulidwira impso yathanzi. Izi zimachitika kuti apereke chidwi pa kukula kwa ofananira nawo mphukira, pomwe zipatso zake zimawoneka lotsatira. Kuphatikiza apo, tizirombo kapena tizirombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri timabisala kumapeto kwa mphukira, kotero kudulira uku kulinso kwaukhondo.
Fupikitsani mphukira nthawi yamasika
Nthawi zambiri wamaluwa kuti athe kuwonjezera nthawi ya zipatso za rasipiberi amapita kumayeso. Pakudulira kwamasika, amafupikitsa malekezero osiyanasiyana - ena ndi 10 cm, ena ndi 20 cm, ndipo ena ndi 30. Zotsatira zake, zipatsozo zimayamba kuphukira panthambi zazitali kwambiri, ndiye pa zomwe zimafupikika ndipo pamapeto pake pamadulidwe kwambiri. Kukolola, ndi kudulira kotereku, sikungakhale kwaubwenzi, koma kupatsa zipatso kumakhala mpaka kugwa.
Kudulira rasipiberi m'chilimwe
Kuti mukolole zokolola zabwino, rasipiberi amayenera kusamalidwa nthawi yonse yotentha. Ngati pakuyang'ana tchire pali zizindikiro za matenda, makamaka tizilombo, omwe amavuta kuchotsa, mphukira zomwe zimakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo, kudula pansi pamizu. Nthambi zosweka ndi nsonga zouma zimadulidwanso. M'pofunika kuchotsa owonjezera mphukira, amene amachotsa mphamvu ndi kukulitsa rasipiberi. Mukapanda kuchedwetsa njirayi mpaka kugwa, mphukira sikhala ndi nthawi yozika mizu ndipo sizivuta kuzichotsa.
Ngati kudulira raspberries kunachitika molondola - kukolola zipatso zazikulu sizitenga nthawi yayitali
Kudulira kawiri rasipiberi malinga ndi Sobolev
Omwe alimi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito bwino kudulira raspberries, kutengera njira ya Sobolev. Dulani motere, rasipiberi amawoneka ngati mtengo.
Zotsatira ziwiri
- kutola kwa mabulosi kwa nthawi yayitali;
- zokolola zochulukirapo chifukwa chamipikisano yambiri;
- athanzi, opaka bwino rasipiberi.
Kanema: mfundo za kudulira zipatso mwachangu
Kudulira koyamba malinga ndi Sobolev kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, pomwe mphukira zazing'onoting'ono za raspberries zimafika kutalika kwa 80-100 cm. Nsonga zimadulidwa ndi 10-15 masentimita, zomwe zimakwiyitsa maonekedwe a mphukira zazing'ono kuchokera pazachinyengo zamasamba. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino komanso malo okwanira, zomwe zimamera pambuyo pake zimakula ndi 40-50 masentimita ndikugwa.Ndi pa iwo kuti mbewu ya chaka chamawa ipangidwe. Ndikofunikira kuti musachedwe ndi kudulira koyamba, apo ayi mphukira zazing'ono sizikhala ndi nthawi yakucha ndi kufa nthawi yozizira.
Kudulira kwachiwiri malinga ndi Sobolev kumachitika mchaka chachiwiri ndipo ndikofunikira. Osangodikira kuti masamba ake atumphukire, mphukira zam'mbali zimafupikitsidwa ndi 10-15 cm, zomwe zimakankhira chitsamba kuti chikhale nthambi zatsopano. Amawoneka kuchokera kudamba la masamba ndipo enanso awiri ang'ono amapangidwira mbali imodzi. Ngati mukuwona nthawi yodulira, ndiye kuti thumba losunga mazira limapezeka kumbali zonse. Kudulira kwa njere mu nkhaniyi sikusiyana ndi nthawi zonse - mphukira zonse zomwe zimakololedwa, komanso nthambi zodwala ndi zosweka, zimachotsedwa. Ndiko kungochita mukakolola, osadikirira kugwa. Mukachotsa mphukira zam'mera mwachangu, mphukira yachichepere idzalandira malo ochulukirapo, opepuka ndi michere ndikukhala ndi nthawi yosintha kukhala tchire lamphamvu isanagwe.
Chifukwa cha kudulira kwamitundu iwiri, zokolola zimachulukanso kangapo
Ndikudulira kwamitundu iwiri mwachangu, tchire limakula kwambiri. Ngati mtunda pakati pa tchire ndi wocheperako, ndiye kuti kubzala kumacheperachepera, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kufalikira kwa matenda komanso kuchepa kwa zipatso. Chifukwa chake, mukayamba kubzala raspberries, ndikofunikira kulingalira njira zina zakudulira.
Kudulira rasipiberi
Kulima kukonza mitundu ya rasipiberi kuli ndi zabwino komanso zopweteka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kulandira kuchokera ku tchire limodzi mbewu ziwiri pachaka - chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira, yachiwiri, yophukira imakhala yofooka. Palibe zipatso zambiri, ndipo zomwe sizikhala zabwino - zokolola zochepa, zosawoneka bwino sizingakondweretse wolima. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri amakula patsamba lawo ndi ma raspberries wamba, ndikukonza. Nthawi yomweyo, kukonza mitundu kumaloledwa kubala zipatso kamodzi kokha - mu kugwa. Izi zimatheka ndikudulira kolondola.
Pokonza mitundu, zipatso zimapezeka pa mphukira zapachaka komanso pazaka ziwiri. Kuti mukolole chomera chimodzi chabwino mu September, raspulosi amadulidwa kwathunthu mukugwa. Mphukira zonse zimadulidwa ndi secateurs lakuthwa pafupi ndi nthaka, kusiya masamba osaposa 3 cm.
Kuti mupewe zokolola zabwino, mitundu yokonzayo idulidwa kwathunthu m'dzinja
Kudulira bwino kumachitika kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, itatha kutentha kwambiri. Pakadali pano, kuyamwa kwamadzi pang'onopang'ono kumatha, ndipo tchire limaloleza kugwira ntchito bwino. Kusamalira kudulira koteroko ndikosavuta kwambiri - palibe chifukwa chowombera pansi, ndipo matenda ndi tizirombo tikhala ndi mwayi pang'ono. Ngati, pazifukwa zina, sizinatheke kudulira raspulosi wam'madzi mu kugwa, mutha kusamutsa kudulira kuti kasupe. Mwakuyamba, m'March kapena koyambirira kwa Epulo adzafunika kudula mphukira zonse.
M'chilimwe, nsonga za mphukira zokulira zimatha kufupikitsidwa kuti zithandizire kuoneka ngati nthambi zammbali. Kudulira mwaukhondo kumachitika chimodzimodzi monga ndi raspulosi wamba.
Mizu yobiriwira kudula
Kuchita masika kudulira kwa tchire, mutha kudulira nthawi yomweyo rasipiberi. Kudula bwino kumadulidwa kuchokera ku mphukira yachinyamata.
Kukula kwa mizere ya kudula:
- Pa ana adadula gawo la mphukira ndi masamba 3-4.
- Chotsani masamba akumunsi, kusiya masamba awiri apamwamba.
- Magawo odulidwa amizidwa mu yankho la Kornevin kapena heteroauxin kwa maola 14-16.
- Zomera zodulidwa m'sukulu yokhala ndi dothi lachonde komanso lonyowa.
- Mu sukulu, ikani ma arcs ndikuphimba ndi agrofiber.
Ndikofunikira kuti chidziwitso chikhale chinyezi - kuwaza ndi kuthirira ma cutowo nthawi. Pambuyo pa masabata 3-4, zodulidwa zimazika mizu ndikuyamba kukula. M'mwezi wa Seputembesi tchire tambiri titha kubzala m'malo okhazikika kapena kuchedwetsa chochitikachi mpaka kumapeto kwa nyengo yamasika.
Zidzu zokhala ndi mizu yozika mizu yozulidwa mu yophukira zingabzalidwe m'malo okhazikika.
Mizu yodula masamba obisika ndi njira yosavuta komanso yodalirika yofalitsira raspberries. Mphukira imazika mizu mosavuta, ndipo mbande zazing'ono zonse zimasungidwa mikhalidwe yamtchireyi.
Kudulira rasipiberi ndi nkhani yosavuta ndipo sizitenga nthawi yambiri. Komabe, ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chisamaliro, popanda kuti rasipiberi amakula mwachangu ndikusintha kukhala zakutchire kosagoneka. Simungadalire zokolola zabwino ndi mbewu zotere. Ndikofunika kuyesetsa pang'ono ndipo ma raspberries amathokoza wokonza dimba ndi zipatso zazikulu, zotsekemera komanso zingapo.
