Mtengo wa sitiroberi ndi chikhalidwe chabwino cha bonsai okonda zamatsenga. Strawberry anakula mumphika, amakondwera ndi makhalidwe ake okongoletsera. Sadzangokongoletsera chipinda chanu ndi zolemba zosowa, koma zimakupatsani chisomo chabwino.
Tidzakudziwitsani m'mene mungamere mtengo wa sitiroberi panyumba komanso zomwe mungasamalire.
Mtengo wa Strawberry: Chozizwitsa ichi ndi chiani?
Mtengo wa sitiroberi (sitiroberi, arbutus) ndi chomera chobiriwira ku banja la nthenga, chomwe ndi mtengo wochepa kapena shrub. Kawirikawiri, strawberries amakula kufika mamita 3-5 mu msinkhu, ndipo ena oimira mitunduyo akhoza kufika pamtunda wa mamita 12, zomwe zingatenge zaka 50. 
Kutchire, imakula pamphepete mwa nkhalango, m'mapiri ndi m'mphepete mwa miyala ya kumadzulo kwa Ulaya, Mediterranean ndi Tyrol, komanso ku America ndi Mexico. Mu chikhalidwe, mtengo wa sitiroberi ungapezeke m'misewu ndi m'mapaki a mizinda yambiri ya ku Ulaya.
Mukudziwa? The Strawberry Tree (Madrono m'Chisipanishi) anapereka mayina a mudzi wa El Madrono ndi tauni ya Navas del Madrono, yomwe ili ku Spain. Strawberry amawonetsedwa pa malaya awo.
Gulu losalala lomwe likuphimba thunthu la mtengo wa sitiroberi ndi lofiira, lalanje, la bulauni. Mitundu ina ya arbutus (mwachitsanzo, strawberries yazing'ono) ili ndi chinthu chochititsa chidwi: chaka chilichonse iwo chotsani makungwapamene mukupanga phokoso lomveka bwino.
Nthambizi zili ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba. Masamba a Arbutus ndi obiriwira, owala, owala. Maluwa oyera kapena achikasu amafanana ndi maluwa, monga a kakombo a m'chigwa, amasonkhanitsidwa ku panicula-inflorescences.
Zipatso za mtengo wa sitiroberi zimakulungidwa, zowongoka mozungulira, ndipo zimakhala ndi masentimita atatu, zofanana ndi munda wa strawberries kununkhira ndi maonekedwe, ndi chipatso chamakono cholawa. Mabulosi a Strawberry amadzazidwa ndi zochepa zochepa kuchokera pamwamba, ndipo mkati mwake muli zokoma zowirira mealy ndi mbewu zing'onozing'ono. 
Zipatso za sitiroberi sizodzidya zokha, komanso zimadya zokoma: zimadyedwa zosaphika, zimapanga jams, jams, jellies komanso mizimu. Koma mtengo wakula muzochitika za m'nyumba, sungadzitamande chifukwa chofanana ndi kukoma kwake monga momwe amachitira, akukula pamalo otseguka.
Mitundu 11 ya arbutus imadziwika. Mu chikhalidwe cha mphika chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi mtengo waukulu wa zipatso za sitiroberi (Arbutus unedo), womwe ungapezeke pansi pa dzina la sitiroberi.
Mukudziwa? M'mayiko a Mediterranean, strawberries pamodzi ndi mitengo ina kapena zitsamba mawonekedwe nkhalango yotsika yamadzi, yomwe imatchedwa "maquis".
Zomwe zingatheke kuti mukule m'nyumba
Mitengo ya sitiroberi imakhala ndi chisanu chakumapeto kwa chisanu, choncho, m'mayiko athu, kulima m'mphika nthawi zina kumakhala njira yokhayo yokhazikika kunyumba yakumwera.
Kuunikira
Mtengo wa sitiroberi ndi chomera chokonda kwambiri, choncho kunyumba kumakhala bwino kuunikira zenera sill. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti machitidwe ena angakhale owopsa kwa mtengo wa sitiroberi: Masana dzuwa limaloza zomera tsamba limayaka. Ngati chiweto chanu chikukhala kumbali ya kumwera, zidzakhala zofunikira kuti zisawononge nthawi yotentha.
Ngati mukufuna kupanga minda yaing'ono yamitengo ndi zitsamba m'nyumba mwanu, tikukulangizani kuti muzisamalira zomera zotere: larch, Japanese spirea, euonymus, thunberg barberry, Persian lilac, cotoneaster.
Kutentha
Optimum chilimwe kutentha kwa arbutus - + 18 ... + 25 ° C, nyengo yozizira - + 3 ... + 10 ° C. 
M'chilimwe, mtengo wa sitiroberi ndibwino kuti ukhale ndi malo abwino kuti ukhale panja, ndikuwunikira pomwepo ndi kuunika bwino ndi kutetezedwa mphepo (pa khonde kapena gazebo). Mtengo wa sitiroberi umakonda mpweya wabwino, choncho chipinda chimene chimakula chikufunika mpweya nthawi zonse.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati mkati mwake maluwa amamera, koma samabala chipatso, yesetsani kupanga mapuloteni opangira mapuloteni mwa kusuntha mungu ndi burashi kuchokera ku duwa kupita ku duwa.
Zapadera za chisamaliro cha kunyumba
Kutunga mtengo wa sitiroberi sikumayambitsa mavuto.
Kusamba madzi nthawi zonse
Young zomera pa kukula nyengo ndi fruiting ayenera zambiri ndi nthawi zonse kuthirira, nthaka nthawi yomweyo palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsiranso zambiri. Kuthirira kumatheka ndi madzi okhazikika. Kupopera mbewu kwina sikungakhale kotheka, chifukwa arbutus amaonedwa kuti ndi mbewu yosagonjetsedwa ndi chilala.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi sitiroberi akhoza kutsanulira masamba.
Nthaka ndi kudyetsa kwake
Kawirikawiri, arbutus amatha kukula pamtunda uliwonse: wandiweyani kapena lotayirira, zamchere komanso zamchere. Mtengo wa sitiroberi, umene umakhala kulima mumphika, malo osungiramo malo osungiramo zitsamba zosakanikirana ndi zomera zam'mimba kapena nthaka kuchokera pansi pa zomera. 
Kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa strawberries ntchito nayitrogeni ndi potashi feteleza, komanso feteleza feteleza kwa mbewu zambewu. Pa nthawi ya kukula (miyezi yamasika ndi chilimwe), kudyetsa ndi kompositi kapena feteleza feteleza kumachitika milungu iwiri iliyonse.
M'nyengo yozizira, feteleza imapangidwa kamodzi pa mwezi ndipo ikakhala ngati chipinda chili mu chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kosachepera 10+.
Mitengo yotereyi ndi yabwino kwambiri: laurel, ficus wa Benjamin, green boxwood, thuja, chibini cha hibiscus.
Kudulira
Kunyumba, owuma, ofooka ndi ofooka nthambi ayenera kuchotsedwa. Kupanga kudulira strawberries kawirikawiri samatero.
Nthawi yopumula
M'nyengo yozizira, Arbutus amakhala wokonzeka kukhala chipinda chozizira. Choncho, chomeracho chingatetezedwe ku kukula koipa komwe kungathe kuchitika kutentha ndi kusowa kuwala. Komanso panthawi imeneyi m'pofunika kuchepetsa kuthirira. 
Malamulo Otsitsirako Kumudzi
Young sitiroberi zomera amaikidwa kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri, ndi okalamba - monga pakufunikira, pamene mizu ikuchokera poto mpukutu. Ndi bwino kuchita izi masika, mu March kapena April, musanayambe mphukira zatsopano. Pamene mukuziika musayese kuwononga chipinda chadothi ndi mizu yokha.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati dothi limadyetsedwa nthawi zonse, chomeracho chingakhale mu gawo lomwelo popanda kuika kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kulimbana ndi zotheka tizirombo ndi matenda
Ngati simukutsatira ndondomeko yoyenera yothirira ndi kuthiranso nthaka, mawanga a bulauni angayambe pa masamba a sitiroberi, omwe amasonyeza chitukuko matenda a fungal. Ngati kuvulala pang'ono, ndikofunika kuchotsa masamba omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, ndipo fungicides ingathandize kuthetsa vuto lalikulu.
Dothi losavuta kwambiri komanso kusowa kwachitsulo kumakhudza kwambiri chiweto chanu monga matenda a chlorosis, pomwe mukuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe ali ndi mfundoyi.
Mwa tizirombo sitiroberi nthawi zambiri amakwiyitsa kangaude, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito sopo yothetsera sprayed pamwamba pa masamba. Ndondomekoyi itatha, masambawo amafunika kupukuta.
Ngati mtengo wa sitiroberi umakusangalatsani ndi malongosoledwe ake, ndipo zovuta zaulimi sizowopsya, zikhazikitse m'nyumba mwanu. Zokongola ndi zachilendo, izo zidzakondweretsa inu ndi kudabwa alendo.
