Biringanya wakula kwambiri ndi anthu olimapo a ku Russia posachedwa, koma adayamba kale kukondana ndi ambiri, chifukwa masamba awa ndi osakoma komanso modabwitsa. Obereketsa adabzala mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu yambiri, koma si onse omwe amakonda kutchuka. Mwa zina zochepa zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi biringanya wa Almaz, womwe unayesedwa ndi mibadwo ingapo ya anthu olima, omwe amayamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa chokhoza kusintha komanso kubereka zipatso mu nyengo ndi nyengo zomwe sizabwino kwambiri pachikhalidwe, zokolola zambiri, komanso kusowa kwazabwino. Zosiyanasiyana zimakondedwa ndi iwo omwe amabzala zipatso pamakampani ambiri, chifukwa diamondi imasiyanitsidwa ndi kayendedwe, kosunga bwino komanso kulolera chilala.
Zomwe zimawoneka ngati diamondi ya biringanya
Mitundu ya biringanya Almaz idapezeka mu Russian State Register mu 1983. Inadziwitsidwa zaka zoposa makumi asanu zapitazo ku Ukraine (Donetsk Kuyesa Station). Adazindikiridwa kuti ndi oyenera kulimidwa kudera lonse, koma kusiyana kokhako ndikuti kumadera omwe ali ndi nyengo yachikhalidwe chambiri (dera la Black Sea, North Caucasus, kumwera kwa dera la Volga) ikhoza kubzalidwa popanda pobisalira, komanso m'malo omwe mulibe biringanya Urals, Far East, Western Siberia) kubzala mbewu m'malo otsekedwa ndikulimbikitsidwa.
Ma diamondi osiyanasiyana a Russia ku Russia atha kulimidwa paliponse pomwe angakwanitse kulima.
Pankhani yakucha, diamondi ili m'gulu la mitundu yakucha yakucha. Zipatso zoyambirira zimatha kuchotsedwa patchire patatha masiku 109 mpaka 149 mbewuzo zikamera. Kusiyana kwa nthawi yayikulu kotereku kumatsimikiziridwa ndi nyengo yam'madera omwe akukula.
Tchire ku mbira ya Diamondi ndiwung'ono, sukutalika kuposa masentimita 45-56. Ngakhale mu wowonjezera kutentha, kutalika kwa mtengowo ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 60. Chomera chake chili ndi masamba pang'ono, masamba a tsamba si akulu. Zitsamba zimadziwika ndi nthambi zoyambirira, mwachangu, nthawi yomweyo zipatso zambiri zimamangidwa. Pakubzala izi biringanya, mutha kupulumutsa bwino malo panu. Funso ili ndizofunikira kwa olima munda ambiri, makamaka kwa iwo omwe ali ndi "mahekala asanu ndi amodzi" odziwika bwino.
Zipatso zomwezo ndizochepa thupi, ngati mawonekedwe a silinda. Kutalika kwa biringanya wokucha kwathunthu kumafika masentimita 3-6, kutalika - 14.5-17.5 masentimita. Zosiyanasiyana zimatengedwa ngati zazikulupo. Calyx ilibe minga, chifukwa chake palibe chiopsezo chovulala pakakolola. Khungu limakhala loonda, loyera, lofiirira-lakuda. Chipatso chake chikangokulira, chimapeza tintili ya bulauni. Tizilombo timeneti timabisala tambiri tomwe timakhala topanda ndipo timakhala tosasweka, nthangala zimamera ndipo zimakhala zowawa.
Ma Eggplant Daimondi amawoneka bwino kwambiri
Kulemera kwa chipatso ndi 100-164 g, pazonse, mutha kuwerengera 2.1-7,5 kg / m². Zotsirizirazi zimatengera nyengo ndi nyengo, komanso momwe malo akukhalira (kukhalapo kwogona kapena kusakhalako). Tchire limabwezera mbewu pang'onopang'ono, limakhala mpaka chisanu choyamba.
Pulogalamuyi imakhala yolimba kwambiri, yoyera kwamtambo yokhala ndi underge yamtengo wapatali, mwakabadwa popanda kuwawa. Kukoma kwake ndikabwino, ndemanga za iwo ndizabwino kwambiri. Mbewu ndizochepa, ndizochepa. Kuchulukana kwa zamkati ndi peel zimasankha bwino kusunga bwino zipatso ndikuyendetsa zipatso. Moyenera, amatha kusungidwa kwa masiku 30-50. Mitundu iyi ndi yoyenera osati kungokhala ndi ma Manubook komanso yoyeretsera.
Pulogalamu yokhala ndi mazira ndi wandiweyani.Diamondi imathandizira pa moyo wa alumali ndikuyendetsa zipatso.
Daimondi ndiosiyanasiyana, osati wosakanizidwa. Chifukwa chake, nthangala za zipatso zomwe zatulutsidwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala chaka chamawa. Komabe ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ngati mumachita izi pafupipafupi, mikhalidwe yosinthika imasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono, zipatso zimachepa, komanso kusinthika kwazinthu zimayamba kuchepa. Chifukwa chake, kamodzi pa zaka 4-5, kubzala zinthu kuyenera kusinthidwa.
Mbewu zochokera mu zipatso za biringanya wa Almaz zimabzidwa patokha
Kukaniza matenda mu diamondi sikungatchulidwe kuti mtheradi. Zomera zimalimbana bwino ndi matenda owopsa a mbewu monga phytoplasmosis (colar) ndi virus ya mosaic. Koma amatha kuvutika kwambiri ndi fusarium komanso kuvutika mochedwa. Zipatso zoyambirira zimapangidwa zotsika, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwa chitsamba. Chifukwa chake, ma biringanya amakhudza pansi, zomwe zimayambitsa chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha matenda. Komanso, zamtunduwu zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndikusowa kwa nthaka ya potaziyamu, chifukwa cha izi, zowola za vertex nthawi zambiri zimayamba. Mwa tizirombo ta diamondi, kachilombo ka mbatata ku Colorado ndiye kowopsa. Mosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro zodziwika bwino, samangofunika mbatata, amatha kudya Solanaceae iliyonse.
Ma Eggplant Daimondi samayamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa komwe akupitako. Zipatso ndizoyenera kumalongeza panyumba, mbale zilizonse zazikulu, masaladi ndi zokhwasula-khwasula. Ndizabwino ngati mbale yodziyimira payokha kapena gawo lake ku nyama zilizonse. Biringanya wobiriwira ndiwotsekemera kwambiri.
Pazokoma zomwe ma biringanya a diamondi amalimi amayankha bwino
Zokolola ziyenera kusungidwa pafupipafupi. Izi zimathandizira kupangidwa kwa m'mimba mwatsopano zipatso. Kuphatikiza apo, ma biringanya ochulukirapo mwachangu amayamba kuvunda. Ngati kutentha kumatsika mpaka 12 ° C kapena kuchepera pamsewu kwa masiku atatu kapena kupitilira, zipatso zonse zimachotsedwa. Ndi zizindikiro zotere, kusasitsa kwawo kumayima.
Kukula ma eggplants Daimondi ayenera kuchotsedwa pafupipafupi, apo ayi kukoma ndi mtundu wa zipatsozo zimawonongeka kwambiri
Kukula mbande
Ngakhale kukhwima kochepera kwa biringanya wa diamondi kupitilira miyezi itatu. Chifukwa chake, wamaluwa omwe amakhala m'maderamo momwe nyengo imasiyanirana ndi yoyenera kuti mbewuyo izikhala yoyipa (ndipo iyi ndi gawo lalikulu la Russia) samakonda kuyika mbewu m'tsogolo chifukwa chobzala mbande, osati mbewu, m'munda kapena wowononga.
Onetsetsani kuti mukubzala. Izi ndi njira zomwe zimathandizidwe kumera, kuwonjezera kukana kwawo nyengo yakusawoneka bwino ndi nyengo, komanso kukonza chimbudzi.
Choyamba, mtundu wa mbewu umawunikidwa. Kuti muchite izi, iwo amakhala mphindi 8-10 kuti amizidwa mu 5% yankho lamchere wamba. Zomwe zimakhala ndi mluza zimalemera kwambiri ndipo zimatsalira pansi. Mukakhala kumtunda, mutha kuiponya.
Kulowerera mumchere kumathandizira kutaya mbewu "zokhala pansi" pang'ono
Chotsatira, njere zimafunikira "kufafanizidwa" poyambitsa zochita zachilengedwe. Amasungidwa kwa maola angapo m'madzi ozizira, makamaka osungunuka, kenako ndikuviika m'moto wotentha (45-50ºะก). Nthawi yakusinthaku sipapitilira mphindi zisanu, apo ayi mbewu za biringanya zimangophika.
Mtundu wotsimikiza kusatetezeka kumatenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Chifukwa chake, kupewera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi gawo loyenera kukonzekera. Nthawi zambiri, phata la rasipiberi la potaziyamu permanganate limagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kukhazikika mu yankho la bowa aliyense (Bactofit, Gamair, Agat-25K) ali ndi zotsatira zofananira. Zonsezi ndikukonzekera kwachilengedwe, osati owopsa ku thanzi ndi chilengedwe cha munthu. Mu potaziyamu permanganate, mbewu zimasungidwa kwa maola 6-8, mwa mafangayi - kwa mphindi 15-20 zokha.
Potaziyamu permanganate yankho - imodzi mwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pansi pa mtsinje wa madzi ozizira ndikukulunga chonyowa, thonje, thonje. Mutha kuipaka ndi madzi omveka kapena yankho la biostimulant. Kuphatikiza pazokonzekera zogula (Emistim-M, Heteroauxin, Kornevin, sodium kapena potaziyamu), pali mankhwala ambiri wowerengeka omwe ali ndi vuto lofananalo. Izi, mwachitsanzo, msuzi wa aloe ndi mbatata, yankho la soda ndi uchi, mapiritsi a presinic acid. Njere zimaperekedwa ndi kutentha (ndikosavuta kuyika msuzi pabati) ndikusungidwa mpaka kuwaswa, kuteteza kuti zisaume. Pambuyo pokonzanso satsukidwa, amangokhala wouma. Ndipo ali okonzeka kuyandikira.
Kumera mbewu za biringanya musanabzale zimathandizira kuti mbande zikamera mwachangu
Nthaka ndi zida zodzala mbeu za diamondi ziyenera kusamalidwa pasadakhale. Biringanya limakumana ndi vuto lalikulu chifukwa chosankha, ichi ndi "chowopsa" chomera, chomwe sichingachotsere. Ndikofunika nthawi yomweyo kubzala nthangala zodyera zingapo zazifupi, peat kapena pulasitiki. Njira yoyamba ndiyabwino chifukwa imakupatsani mwayi kuti musavulaze mizu ya mbewu pothira m'mundawo.
Mbande zomwe zimakula mumphika wa peat zimasinthidwa kupita kwina osachotsa mu thanki, ndiko kuti, popanda kuwononga mizu
Gawo lapadera la Solanaceae limapezeka mosavuta pa malonda. Kwa diamondi, iyi ndi njira yabwino. Koma nthawi zambiri wamaluwa amakonza nthaka yoti mbande zokha zisakanikirane, ndikusakaniza chovala chaching'ono ndi theka la kuchuluka kwa humus ndi mchenga, ndikuwonjezera choko chaching'ono kapena makala oyatsidwa kuti aphwanyidwe ngati ufa kuteteza matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Dothi lirilonse musanagwiritse ntchito limatetezedwa ndi kutentha, chisanu, chinyezi. Njira yofulumira ndikungomuthira pansi ndi yankho lofiirira la potaziyamu.
Pakukula mbande za biringanya, Daimondi Daimondi ndi dothi loyenera kusungira
Nthawi yakubzala kwapakati pa diamondi kutengera mbande zimatengera gawo lolimidwa. Kummwera, mbande zofunda popanda pogona zitha kusunthidwa kale mu khumi yoyambirira ya Meyi, nyengo yotentha - kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Zimatenga masiku 55-70 kuti zikule. Chifukwa chake, kufikira kuyenera kukonzedwa kumapeto kwa February kapena theka loyambirira la Marichi. Mukakulidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, masikuwo amasinthidwa masiku 12-15 apitawo.
Chitani izi:
- Matanki ali ndi gawo lokonzekera. Ngati makapuwo alibe peaty, apange mabowo angapo ndikudzaza ngalawo. Dothi limakhala lonyowa komanso kupukutidwa.
- Mbewu ziwiri 2-3 zimabzalidwa mu chikho chilichonse popanda kuzama. Amakutidwa ndi dothi kapena mchenga womwewo, ndikupanga wosanjikiza ndi masentimita 1.5-2. Spray kuchokera kumtunda ndi madzi.
- Kuwombera sikuwonekera mwachangu, osachepera masiku 10-14. Zomwe zili ndi mbewu zosamera, zotsekedwa ndi galasi kapena polyethylene, zimasungidwa m'malo amdima, kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa 25-27ºº komanso kutentha kuchokera pansi. Pang'onopang'ono dothi limasungunuka pang'onopang'ono, pomwe pamwamba pake pamayamba kumera. The greenhouse imatsukidwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo kubzala kumathandizira kuti pakhale mphindi khumi ndi zinayi, ndikuchotsa madontho obisika omwe amakhala pansi pake.
- Mbeu zikaswa, mbande zimangobwera. Kuti zikule bwino, amafunika maola ochepa masana 10-12. Mwachilengedwe ku Russia ndizovuta kutsimikizira izi. Ndikofunikira kuwunikira mbande mothandizidwa ndi fluorescent, LED kapena phytolamp wapadera. Kutentha kwa zinthuzi kumatsitsidwa mpaka 20-22ºº masana ndi 16-18ºº usiku.
- Mbeu zimamwetsedwa masiku onse atatu ndi atatu, ndikusintha madzi wamba ndi yofooka yankho la biofungicides (Planriz, Trichodermin). Feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri - pagawo la tsamba lenileni komanso sabata limodzi ndi theka zisanachitike ndikudula m'mundamo. Chida chilichonse chosungira mbande ndichabwino.
- Masiku angapo asanadye koyamba, amachotsa mbande "zowonjezera", ndikusiyira kapu iliyonse mphukira yayikulu komanso yowoneka bwino. Zosafunikira, kuti mizu yake isavutike, musatulutse panthaka, koma dulani tsinde ndi nthaka.
- Njira yolimbitsira imayamba pambuyo pa masiku 40-50 kuyambira pa nthawi yopanga mmera. Njirayi imathandizira kuti mbeu zizolowera malo atsopano. Biringanya amatulutsa khonde kapena mumsewu ndikusiya kutentha kwa 12-15 ° C koyamba kwenikweni kwa maola angapo, kenako ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono mpaka usiku wonse. Masiku angapo asanabzalidwe, miphika singasamutsidwe kuchipinda konse. Njira yonseyi imatenga masabata 1.5-2.5. Olima ena alimi amayeserera kuumitsa ndi kutentha kosiyana - 12-14ºº masana ndi 26-28ºº usiku mkati mwa sabata.
Mbewu ya biringanya imamera kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake muyenera kukhala oleza mtima
Kukonzeka kwa mbande za diamondi ya Diamond kubzala mu malo okhazikika kumatsimikizika ndi kukula kwake. Mbande izitha kukula mpaka 18-25 masentimita ndipo ikhale ndi masamba osachepera 7-9. Kukhalapo kwa masamba ndipo ngakhale maluwa otseguka sichitchinga kubzala.
Mbande ya biringanya ikhoza kukhala ndi nthawi yophuka pawindo, ichi si cholepheretsa kugwera pansi
Kanema: Mbande za biringanya kuchokera pa mbewu kupita pobzala pansi
Kukonzekera kwa mabedi ndi kufalitsa mbande mu nthaka
Kukolola mtsogolo kwa biringanya wa diamondi kumatengera kusankha komwe kuli dimba ndi kukonzekera kwake. Zachidziwikire, amatha kupirira zopatuka kuzinthu zabwino zomwe zikukula, koma pali malire pa chilichonse.
Poyamba, biringanya ndi chikhalidwe chakumwera. Kuti apange zipatso zochulukirapo, amafunikira kutentha ndi dzuwa. Mabedi a Diamondi amaswa malo otseguka, ozungulira mbali yakumpoto ndi kumwera. Kuvomerezedwa kukhalapo kwa chitetezo cha mphepo. Khoma la nyumbayo, mpanda, kapena "cholembera" cham'mera yayitali, litha kuthana ndi izi, malingana ngati mawonekedwe ake samaphimba bedi, ali patali ndi pomwe.
Kupanga kwa biringanya kumayendera kwambiri ngati mbewuzo zalandira kutentha kokwanira ndi dzuwa.
Monga mtundu wina uliwonse wakale wa biringanya, Daimondi amatengedwa ngati chomera chochepa masana. Ngati zimatenga maola opitilira 12-14, mazira azipatso pachiyambi komanso pakati pa chilimwe amapangika pang'ono kuposa masiku onse. Pofika mwezi wa Ogasiti, kutalika kwa tsikulo kumachepa, biringanya mwachangu limayamba kumangidwa. Koma osati kuti ali ndi nthawi yakucha.
Njira yobzala ndi yomweyo, kaya diamondi imalimidwa potseguka kapena potseka. Mabasi mumtundu wamabulu amitundu awa ndi otsika, yaying'ono. Chifukwa chake, kupendekera kwa mzere wa 60 cm mulifupi ndi kupangika kwa 30-35 masentimita pakati pazitsime zoyandikana ndikwanira.
Kuchulukitsidwa kwa diamondi ndikokwera, michere yambiri imafunikira kuti pakhale zipatso zambiri. Dothi lomwe lili pabedi lokhala ndi biringanya liyenera kukhala lachonde, koma nthawi yomweyo limapereka mwayi wothandizirana bwino komanso kupewa chinyezi kuti chisazime. Loam, mchenga wamchenga kapena sulufule wamtchire amakhala woyenera kwambiri. Ubwino wa dothi ukhoza kubweretsedwa pafupi ndi zomwe mukufuna powonjezera mchenga, utuchi wa dothi lolemera, ndi dongo la ufa ndi crat crumb ku gawo laling'ono.
M'dothi lokhazikika, chikhalidwe sichingokhala moyo. Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito pa Eggplant Diamondi, yomwe yabzalidwa pomwe pansi pamadzi chimakwera mpaka mita imodzi kapena kuchepera. Poyambirira, zinthu zimakonzedwa ndikukhazikitsa nthawi yopanga feteleza osati feteleza yekha, komanso ufa wa dolomite, mazira ophwanyidwa ndi phula. Lachiwiri - kupanga mabedi osachepera 30 cm.
Dolomite ufa - deoxidizer wachilengedwe wachilengedwe, malinga ndi kuchuluka popanda zotsatira zoyipa
Mukamasankha tsamba, muyenera kutchera khutu kuti mbewu za m'munda zomwe zidalimidwa pano zinali zisanachitike. Biringanya wa Biringanya ndi osafunika kubzala pambuyo pa Solanaceae wina. Koma mbewu zochokera ku banja Dzungu, Cruciferous, Legume, komanso mbeu iliyonse yazomera ndi zitsamba zonunkhira monga otsogola ndi oyandikana nawo ndi oyenera. Kasinthasintha wa mbewu ndikofunikanso. Mu malo amodzi, diamondi sinabzalidwe osaposa zaka zitatu motsatizana. Kenako kupatula kokwanira kutalika kofanana kumafunikira.
Tomato, monga Solanaceae ena, ndizomwe zimayambitsa zovuta kwambiri chifukwa cha biringanya
Pokonzekera mabedi (izi zikuyenera kuchitika masabata osakwana 2-3 musanabzalidwe mbande mu nthaka kapena pakugwa), 1 m2 wa humus kapena kompositi inanso, potashi (15-20 g) ndi phosphoric (35-40) d) feteleza wa mchere. Yotsirizirayi imakhalanso ndi chilengedwe mwanjira ina - phulusa lamatabwa wamba (0.5-lita jar).
Kuyamba kwa humus kumathandizanso chonde m'nthaka
Pothira mbande ku malo okhazikika, sankhani tsiku louma komanso louma. Gawo lapansi mwa mphindi ino liyenera kutentha mpaka 15ºº. Chodalirika chokwanira chizindikiro cha dziko - maluwa akuthengo.
Kukula kwa mabowo kumatengera mtundu wa gawo lapansi. Chowonjezerapo, mbewuzo zikaikidwa m'manda. Nthawi zambiri pafupifupi masentimita 20 ndi okwanira .. Dothi liyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ochulukirapo pafupifupi mphindi 5 mpaka 10 lisanabzalidwe, kumawononga malita awiri ndi atatu kuti dothi lisafike pansi pa dzenje. Mbewu za diamondi zimabzalidwa mmenemo. Madzi onga okha, pokhapokha atayikidwa mumiphika wa peat, amathiranso bwino ndimadzi - kotero ndizosavuta kuzichotsa m'matanki, kuwonongeka kochepa kwa mapere. Tsinde lomwe likugwira ntchitoyi limayikidwa masentimita 1-1.5 kuposa kale.
Mukabzala mu nthaka, mbande za biringanya zimayikidwa pang'ono kale
Biringanya litabzidwa, nthaka pabedi imanyowetsedwanso, madziwo akamwezedwa, dothi limadzaza ndi udzu, utuchi, ndi zinyalala. Kenako kuthirira kumayimitsidwa kufikira mbande zitamera malo atsopano ndikuyamba kukula. Nthawi yomweyo, imatetezedwa ku dzuwa mwachindunji mothandizidwa ndi chivundikiro chomwe chimakutidwa pabedi pa arcs.
Zinthu zophimba zimateteza biringanya kuti zisazizidwe, ndi kutentha, komanso mvula yambiri
Pazonse, ndikofunikira kusunga kapangidwe kameneka, chifukwa kukula kwa chitsamba kumalola. Kutentha kochepera 20ºº, njira zoyipitsa mungu ndi zipatso zimatha. Ngakhale kuchepetsa kwake kwakanthawi kochepa pazikhalidwe zoyipa, a Diamond, ngakhale atakhala odzikuza, sadzapulumuka. Sakonda biringanya ndi kutentha kwambiri, kugwa pa kutentha kwa 8-10ºº ndi zina kukhala mkhalidwe wofanana ndi "hibernation" ndikuchepetsa pang'ono kukula.
Mukabzala maazira a Almaz mu wowonjezera kutentha, amatha kumalumikizana ndi tomato, ndipo chotsirizirachi chiyenera kuyikidwa kuti chisabise zitsamba zosafunikira. Ndi mbewu zina zonse zomwe zimakulidwa m'nyumba (nkhaka, tsabola), zimakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pakunyowa kwa gawo lapansi ndi mlengalenga. Nthaka sayenera kuloledwa kuti iume, koma diamondi sakonda mpweya wonyowa, imayenda mwachangu kapena imakhudzidwa ndi bowa wina wazinthu zina.
Ma biringanya obiriwira nawonso amakonzedwa pasadakhale. Ngati ndi kotheka, gawo lapansi lasinthidwa kwathunthu. Ngati sichoncho, chotsani masentimita khumi ndi khumi, ndikuisintha mwatsopano ndi humus. Onetsetsani kuti mukuchotsa zinyalala zonse za mbewu.
Nyumba yobiriwira, ngati bedi lodzala mabiringanya, imakonzedweratu
Nthaka yokumbayo imatulutsira tizilombo toyambitsa kuthiridwa ndi madzi otentha kwambiri kapena njira yofiyira ya potaziyamu. Wowonjezera kutentha pawokha amafunikanso kukonzedwa. Malo onse, makamaka magalasi, amatsukidwa ndi yankho la laimu. Mkati, kuphimba zitseko ndi mazenera, amawotcha kachidutswa kakang'ono ka sulufule. Chapakatikati, patatsala masiku 15 mpaka 20 kuti abzale, nthaka yake imakhazikika ndipo phosphate ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu umayikidwa muyezo.
Vidiyo: Kubzala mbande za mbatata pamalo okhazikika
Kubzala nthangala biringanya pansi
Kubzala nyemba za diamondi yomweyo m'mundamo kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha sizimachitika kawirikawiri. Mwambiri, izi ndizotheka kumadera akumwera okha. Njira yakukonzera dothi pankhaniyi siyosiyana ndi yomwe tafotokozeredwa pamwambapa, njira yobzala nawonso siyisintha. Chithandizo chokhwima komanso chodzaza mbewu. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri ya ndondomekoyi ndi zaka makumi awiri zoyambirira za Epulo. Kukolola kumacha patatha masiku 12 mpaka 15 kuposa nthawi yomwe mukubzala mbande za diamondi.
Mbewu 2-5 zibzalidwe pachitsime chilichonse. Kenako mufunika kupukusa mbande, monga mbande zokulira. Asanatuluke, kama wake amakhala womata ndi pulasitiki wakuda. Mbewuzo zikamera, zimasungidwa pansi pachikuto mwezi woyamba kapena awiri. Kuteteza ku matenda oyamba ndi fungus, makamaka kuchokera ku "mwendo wakuda", dothi limakonkhedwa ndi phulusa la nkhuni kapena sulufule ya colloidal. Mbewu zomwezo zimathiridwa ndi choko chophwanyika kapena makala okhazikika.
Nthawi yakucha ya Dimba lodziwirira ndi yayitali; kubzala mbewu m'malo mwa mbande kuzachedwetsa zokolola
Olima odziwa zamaluwa amalangizidwa kuti abzale diamondi yosakanizika ndi ma radish. Choyamba, mabiringanya amaphukira kwanthawi yayitali, amatha kumtayika m'mundamo. Kachiwiri, mitsempha, yotseka ndi carpet yosatha, iteteza mbande zazing'ono ku namsongole.
Malingaliro osamalira mbewu
Kusamalira biringanya Daimondi si kovuta, palibe zauzimu zomwe zimafunikira kwa wolima dimba. Koma monga zikhalidwe zonse, pali mfundo zina zaukadaulo waulimi, zomwe muyenera kuzidziwiratu pasadakhale. Kuphatikiza pakusunga mundawo ndikutsuka nthawi zonse, wolima mundawo adzafunikira kuthira manyowa oyenera komanso kuthirira okwanira.
Pakubala zipatso zambiri, ma biringanya a diamondi angafunikire garter kapena thandizo. Mizu ya mbewu ndi yosalimba, monga zimayambira. Mabasi nthawi zambiri amathyoledwa ndi zipatsozo.
Mukadzakulidwa muzomera wobiriwira, zidzakhala zofunikira kuti tizipeza tizilombo tambiri. Kapena pochita kupukutira ndi dzanja. Popanda izi, zipatso za diamondi sizimanga.
Ponena za kufunika kopanga tchire la biringanya Daimondi, wamaluwa ali ndi malingaliro osiyanasiyana. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti mbewu zophatikiza zimafunikira kukanikiza, kokha ngati nyengo ili yabwino kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo nthawi zambiri kumagwa mvula.
Chochitika chokulirapo chotere chikuwonetsa kuti kumwera kwa Russia, Eggplant Almaz imabala zipatso zambiri popanda chitsamba chilichonse. M'madera omwe kumatentha kwambiri, chitsambachi chimasandulika chitsamba chokhacho, chomwe chimapangitsa thunthu kuti ndilo foloko yoyamba. Izi zikugwira ntchito pamasamba onse ndi awiri. Chifukwa cha biringanya wopindika, nthawi zambiri amakhudza pansi, izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda ndi bowa wa pathogenic.
Stepsons - ofukula wotsatira amapanga zolakwika zamasamba obisika
Komabe, munthu sayenera kukhala wakhama kwambiri pogulira - m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya losunga mazira panonso. Zoyambira 2-3 zatsalira pach chitsamba chilichonse, simungathe kuzilola kuti zibowole kwambiri kuti mphukira zosafunikira zisatenge mphamvu pachomera.
Kuti zipatso zipse mwachangu ndikukhala zazikulupo, mazira asanu omwe amapitilira nthawi yomweyo amadzala pachomera chilichonse. Mukangowerengeka thumba losunga mazira, tsitsani pamwamba pa chitsamba. Maluwa omwe amawonekera pamwamba amachotsedwa nthawi zonse.
Diamondi ya Biringanya salekerera chilala osati choyipa, koma kukolola kokwanira kumatheka pokhapokha atapatsidwa madzi okwanira. Mwambiri, iyi ndiye chikhalidwe chokonda kwambiri chinyontho ku Solanaceae. Chifukwa chake, pamwamba pamtunda wokha ndiomwe amaloledwa kupukuta, kupukutira gawo lapansi masiku onse atatu. Ngati pamakhala kutentha kwambiri, mbewu zimafunikira kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku. Zoti chitsamba sichikhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira zikuwonekeranso bwino ndi masamba omwe amatuluka amataya mawu.
Kuthirira biringanya kuchokera kuthirira sikulimbikitsidwa, njira zina zimaphatikizidwanso momwe madontho amadzi amagwera pa chomera
Biringanya limathiriridwa kuti madontho amadzi asagwere pamtengowo. Izi zingayambitse kuponya masamba ambiri ndi mazira azipatso. Ndipo ngati zibzalidwe pamalo obisalamo, madontho amasanduka mtundu wa mandala, mbewuzo zimayaka kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kutulutsa tchire nthawi yomweyo kuchokera kuthirira, kukhathamiritsa ndi kukonkha nthawi yomweyo. Njira yoyenera kwambiri ndi kuthirira. Kupatula apo, ngati mumathira madzi mwachindunji pansi pa tsinde, nthaka yake imathothola, ndipo mizu yake imayamba kuwonekera. Pakakhala kotheka kumanga kachitidwe kameneka, madzi amathiridwa m'madzi osaya kapena mphete zazitali zazifupi 30 cm.
Njira yothirira madontho amathandizira "kukonza" kuperekera madzi ku mizu ya biringanya
Chomera chilichonse chimatenga malita atatu amadzi (kapena 10-12 l / m²). Iyenera kukhazikika ndikuwotha kutentha kwa 25 ° C. Dothi lifunika kunyowetsedwa ngati 20-25 cm. Zabwino kwambiri kuthirira m'mawa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupatsa mbewu chinyezi nthawi ya maluwa ndi mapangidwe a mazira azipatso. Zipatso zakucha sizifunanso chimodzimodzi. Kwa alimi omwe amayendera chiwembu chawo pokhapokha, ndikofunikira kumasula dothi ndikusinthanso mulch mutatha kuthirira. Izi zimathandizira kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi.
Kulowetsa bedi ndi biringanya kumathandiza wamaluwa kupatula nthawi yothirira ndi kupalira
Chochititsa chidwi, diamondi imakhala ndi malingaliro oyipa ku chinyezi chamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, mukadzakulidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha, muyenera kutsatira izi. Chizindikiro chabwino cha biringanya ndi 60-65%. Nthawi iliyonse mutathilira, mawindo amakhala otseguka nthawi zonse. Ngati thanki yamadzi ili mu wowonjezera kutentha, imakutidwa ndi chivindikiro.
Zofunikira zadothi ndi chinyezi m'mizu yama buluku zimasiyana kwambiri, muyenera kuyang'anira chidziwitso chomaliza mu wowonjezera kutentha
Kanema: Kusamalira biringanya poyera
Ma diamondi osiyanasiyana amatanthauza nyengo yapakatikati. Panyengo yamasamba akhama, imadyetsedwa katatu. Kwa nthawi yoyamba izi sizichitika kale kuposa masabata awiri mutathira mbande. Amayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yokhala m'malo atsopano ndikuyamba kukula. Mabasi omwe akukula wobiriwira mwachangu amafunikira nayitrogeni, koma m'malo mwa carbamide, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate (10-15 g pa 10 l) ndi zina zotero, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wovuta (Azofoska, Diammofoska, Nitrofoska). Njira yachilengedwe yothandizira zoterezi ndi kulowetsedwa kwa manyowa atsopano, ndowe za nkhuku, masamba a nettle kapena masamba a dandelion.
Kulowetsedwa kwa nettle kumakupatsani mwayi wopatsa biringanya ndi nayitrogeni, osakhutitsa nthaka ndi macrocell awa
Kudya kwachiwiri ndi kwachitatu kumachitika pamene maluwa oyamba amawoneka pa biringanya la Diamondi ndipo pafupifupi masiku 15-18 zipatso zoyamba zisanachitike. Kukonzekera kochokera ku Biohumus ndi feteleza wina aliyense wazovuta za Solanaceae amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofananamo. Ndikofunikanso kupopera tchire pafupifupi kamodzi pamwezi ndi yankho la boric acid (2-3 g / l) - thumba losunga mazira limakhala lolimba.
Ma Eggplant Diamondi amatha kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza aliyense wa Solanaceae
Kucha biringanya kwambiri amafunika potaziyamu. Kuchulukitsa nthawi ya zipatso, phulusa lamatabwa limabalalika pabedi. Mvula ikangogwa pang'ono, mbewu zimathirira ndi kulowetsedwa. Za feteleza wachilengedwe, potaziyamu sulfate, potaziyamu nitrate, ndi kalimagnesia angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Phulusa la nkhuni ndi gwero lachilengedwe la potaziyamu wofunikira pakucha biringanya ndikukula nthawi ya zipatso.
Kanema: magawo a kukula kwa biringanya mu wowonjezera kutentha
Mwa matenda obweretsa biringanya, Daimondi ndiye fusarium woopsa kwambiri komanso vuto lakachedwa. Kupewa kwawo kuyenera kuperekedwa mwachidwi mukadzala mbeu mu wowonjezera kutentha. Kwa bowa ambiri, chinyezi chachikulu, kutentha ndi mpweya watsopano ndizoyenera kwambiri kuti zikule.
Fusarium wilting nthawi zambiri imakhudzana ndi ma biringanya kum'mwera zigawo. Amakula msanga. Kwenikweni m'masiku 4-7, masamba amasanduka achikasu ndipo mbewu zimafota, tsinde limakutidwa ndi maluwa otuwa, chitsamba chimawuma ndipo nthawi zambiri chimafa. Zotsatira zopulumuka ndizotsalira kwambiri pakukula, palibe zipatso pa iwo kapena ndizochepa kwambiri. Fusarium imatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi kupendekeka wamba chifukwa chakuchepa kwa chinyezi pakupanga gawo la tsinde kapena petiole. Poyamba, madontho a bulauni akuda amawoneka bwino.
Fusarium wilt imakula mwachangu, potero imalowetsa m'munda wamaluwa mwayi woti athane nawo
Fusarium sangathe kumenyedwa chifukwa chazitali. Pa prophylaxis, njere zimayenera kuthandizidwa ndi njira yothana ndi fangayi isanadze. Dothi lomwe lili pabedi pakumalidwa limakonkhedwa ndi phulusa kapena choko chophwanyika, madzi wamba akathirira amasinthidwa ndi yankho la pinki la potaziyamu permanganate. Chithandizo cha anthu - chidutswa cha waya wamkuwa wokutira pansi pa tsinde kapena m'manda mu dzenje mukabzala.
Phytophthora ndi mliri weniweni wa Solanaceae aliyense. Masamba a laimu obisika amapezeka pamasamba a biringanya. Pang'onopang'ono, minofu m'malo awa imasanduka yakuda komanso yowuma, ndiye malire owala okha. Ngati msewu ndi wonyowa komanso ozizira, mbali yolakwika ya pepalali imalimbikitsidwa ndi kansalu kachiyera kokhala ngati thonje. Pa zipatso zimawoneka zisindikizo zakuda zosasinthika mawonekedwe, zimakhala pansi pawo zowola.
Kuvulala kwammbuyo ndi matenda a Solanaceae onse, imatha kumera pamene mabiringanya
Pothana ndi vuto lomwe lachedwa, miyeso imodzimodzi ndi yoyenera fusarium. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotheka kupopera mbira ndi kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi kapena gruel wa adyo kapena chowombera kamodzi pa masabata 1.5-2. Mphamvu yabwino imaperekedwa ndi kefir-yowonjezera madzi kapena Whey ndi kuwonjezera kwa ayodini. Pafupi ndi biringanya ndi kanjira, mpiru wa masamba, clover, marigold amabzala. Kuti awononge bowa, amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala Abiga-Peak, Ridomil-Gold, Bactofit, Tsineb.
Vertex zowola sindiwo matenda, koma ma biringanya zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa potaziyamu. Gulu la Dongosolo la Diamond limazindikira kwambiri izi. Masamba opsa amaoneka ngati zipatso zosapsa. Pang'onopang'ono iwo amawonjezeka m'mimba mwake ndikuchita khungu. Ngati mudyetsa, mbewuzo zimakhazikika msanga. Pambuyo panu, mkati mwa masiku 15-20, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti kuchulukitsa kuthirira kwa mbewu.
Zowola biringanya wapamwamba zikuwonetsa kuti mbewu zimasowa potaziyamu
Ndikulakwitsa kuganiza kuti kachilomboka ka mbatata ya Colorado ndi kowopsa kwa mbatata. Tizilombo tomwe tomwe am'maluwa onse atayang'ana, amadya masamba a Solanaceae aliyense. Chifukwa chake, popewa kufunika koyambirira ndikuyenera kusinthasintha kwa mbeu. Zabwino zimaperekedwa ndi misampha - zokumbidwa mumiyala pakati pa mizere, yodzazidwa ndi magawo a mbatata zosaphika kapena kusenda kwawo. Mabasi a biringanya amathiridwa sabata iliyonse ndi ma infusions a phulusa la nkhuni, phulusa la sopo, ma rhizomes okwera pamahatchi. Zimanyansanso tizilombo, timabzala m'mbale, calendula, adyo, nyemba zamtchire. Pakakhala vuto la tizilombo, biologics (Bankol, Boverin, Colado) kapena mankhwala (Decis, Corado, Aktara) amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kodi kachilomboka kakang'ono kwambiri monga mbatata yamtundu wa Colorado kumawoneka bwanji kuti amadziwika kwambiri kwa anthu onse olima
Ndemanga zamaluwa
Ndimabzala diamondi chaka chilichonse chaka chilichonse. Ali mokomera. Nthawi zonse kukolola kwakukulu. Zokoma, zopyapyala. Anabzalidwe ndi munthu wokongola wakuda, koma adangotenga malo, chifukwa sanawone zipatso kuchokera kwa iye.
Eliseushka//www.tomat-pomidor.com/newforum/index.php?topic=84.0
Biringanya wosasamala kwambiri komanso wosasunthika - Daimondi, amabala zipatso nyengo iliyonse. Ndipo ndibwino kuyesa, pali mitundu yatsopano yambiri.
Dzuwa//dacha.wcb.ru/index.php?showtopic=2274&st=250
Mwanjira, mtundu ndi kakomedwe, diamondi ya buluu ndiwokongola, ndipo wopatsa moyipa kuposa Mfumu ya Kumpoto, koma palibe woipa kuposa mitundu ina yonse. Kutalika, mitundu yonse yomwe inakulitsidwa ndi ine inali yotsika, inamera malo otseguka ndi agrospan mu arcs. Ndi tchire khumi ndi anayi pabedi panga, zidebe zitatu za biringanya zikukula. Sindikudziwa ngati ndizambiri kapena zochepa, koma sitikufuna zina.
Malipenga//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/139745/page-70
Umu ndi momwe ma biringanya, ma Almaz osiyanasiyana, amakulira mwa ine. Ndidawabzala pabwalo loyambirira mchaka choyamba cholima. Sindinadziwe kuti iyi sinali ntchito yophweka ku Moscow Region, ndipo ndinachita molimba mtima. Kunalipo tchire khumi, mbewuzo zidabzalidwa, koma osakutidwa, masamba adawotchedwa ndikubwezeretsedwanso kwa nthawi yayitali. Koma zokolola zinali zabwino. Kwa banja lathu laling'ono, zinali zokwanira kudya ndikusunga.
Masha Petrova//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/139745/page-70
Chaka chino ndidagula mitundu 4 ya biringanya: Daimondi, Kukongola Kwakuda, Swan ndi amtundu waku Japan. Wocheperako sanakwere amodzi! Ena onse - ndi kupambana kosiyanasiyana. Zambiri zomwe ndimakonda chaka chino Diamond. Ngakhale chilimwe chovuta kwambiri, sindinakhumudwitse.
Lyubashka//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?t=124
Daimondi, inde, ndi mtundu wakale wotsimikiziridwa wa biringanya. Koma pali mitundu ndi zokongola!
Kat leo//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?t=124
Biringanya wa diamondi amaonekera pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana.Zosiyanasiyana ndi nyengo yapakatikati. Kuyambira kumera mpaka kukolola zimatenga masiku 110-150. Zomera ndizochepa - 45-55 cm. Mtundu wa chipatso ndi wofiirira wakuda, mawonekedwe ake ndi acylindrical, unyinji wazipatsowo ndi 100-165 g.Zabwino chifukwa kulibe kuwawa, kugwiritsa ntchito konsekonse. Kubzala mbewu mu Marichi (khumi ndi awiri), kubzala mbande mu Meyi (khumi zapitazo). Zokolola zitha kukolola kuyambira kumapeto kwa Julayi. Kubzala patali 70 * 40 cm. Nthawi yonseyi chitetezo kuchokera ku kachilomboka ka mbatata ya Colorado kokhala ndi kukonzekera kwapadera kumafunika.
Evelina//domikru.net/forum/viewtopic.php?style=3&t=1455
Biringanya - chikhalidwe ndichosangalatsa, chifukwa amakonda kutentha. Ndipo kuti muwakula, komanso tomato ndi tsabola, muyenera mbande. Chifukwa chake, kwa nthawi yayitali sindinasamale mbewu za chikhalidwe ichi. Ndipo kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa chaka chokha, pomwe adabwera kudzagulitsa mbewu, mwachimwemwe, ndidatenga chikwama cha njere za diamondi. Anabzala mbewu zitatu zokha kuti mbande, chifukwa cha chidwi. Zomera za mbewu izi zidakula bwino, sizinafunike chisamaliro chapadera. M'mwezi wa Meyi, ndinabzala zitsamba zobiriwira zobiriwira mu wowonjezera kutentha. Kenako zipatsozo zinayamba kuonekera. Mu kugwa ndidatuta. Kuyenera kudziwika kukoma kwabwino kwa chipatso. Bungwe la mabanja lidaganiza kuti kumapeto kwamawa tigulanso mbewu izi. Zolinga zokulira osati tchire zitatu, koma zochulukirapo.
Lezera//otzovik.com/review_1686671.html
Ndine woyamba pa kanyumba, ndakhala ndikuchita nawo nyengo zitatu, koma ndapanga kale malingaliro. Mwachitsanzo, ponena za biringanya. Anadzala mbande yekha, adagula mbewu zina. Ndipo ndi Diamond yekha yemwe sanandisiyepobe. Komanso, mbewuzo zidakula bwino, kenako zokolola zinali zabwino. Chifukwa chake, ndikuganiza kuti mitunduyi siotulutsa mawu kwambiri. Mbewu zidakhala pansi nthawi yayitali, ndinali ndi nkhawa kale, ndafesa gulu lina, koma kenako zonse zidamera. Panali mbande zokwanira ife, abale ndi abwenzi. Zonse zoperekedwa. Zokolola zinali zabwino. Biringanya idaphuka ndikukula mpaka kugwa, pokhapokha masiku ozizira ndi usiku adafika, biringanya womaliza adalephera kukula. Apatseni ochepa. Ndili wokondwa ndi gawoli. Ena onse anapita koyipa, atagona ku dacha komwe adatenga nthawi yayitali, adwala, ndipo anamwalirabe. Chifukwa chake, pamene ndikusankha daimondi. Makhalidwe abwino amakwananso inenso. Kukugwa nyengo yachisanu, masaladi ophimbidwa - abwino!
Degaev//otzovik.com/review_6007025.html
Mtundu wa Eggplant Diamond uli ndi zabwino zambiri zosakayikitsa, zomwe zidapangitsa kutchuka kwake kosasunthika pakati pa olima Russian. Mitundu iyi imayamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosakulirakulira ndi nyengo zomwe zikukula. M'pofunikanso kudziwa kuchuluka kwa zipatso, kusuntha kwa komwe mukupita, kupezeka kwake ndi zipatso zake zabwino. Zachidziwikire, kusowa kwa zofunikira za biringanya izi sizitanthauza kuti ingabzalidwe munthaka ndikuiwalika. Landings ayenera kulipira pafupipafupi. Pali zovuta zina zosamalira zomwe muyenera kuzidziwiratu pasadakhale.
