Njira zopambana zokulitsira letesi ndi malangizo kwa iwo

Posachedwa, ndizosatheka kulingalira tebulo lamalimwe popanda masamba letesi. Izi zamasamba ndizodziwika bwino masiku ano, ngakhale agogo athu, nthawi zambiri, sanamvepo. Timagwiritsa ntchito mafuta amtundu wowoneka bwino monga gawo lalikulu lama saladi a Vitamini, komanso monga zokongoletsera zamasamba, komanso monga zakudya zamagulu azakudya.

Kufotokozera kwamasamba

Maonekedwe a saladi pang'ono, sangafotokozedwe chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu. Mitundu yoposa 700 imalembetsedwa mu State Record of Kuswana Achibwino ndipo iliyonse ili ndi mtundu wake, kukula, mawonekedwe ndi kakang'ono ka masamba. Awa ndi masamba akulu abwinobwino amtundu wobiriwira kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono, timabatani tating'ono kapena malo okongola a burgundy - mitundu yosiyanasiyana imadodometsa wamaluwa posankha mbewu.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu, bedi lamaluwa azamasamba limatha kupangidwa kuchokera ku saladi

Koma, ngakhale pali kusiyana kwakunja, mitundu yonse ya saladi imakhala ndi mavitamini ambiri komanso michere yambiri. Apa yofunika kuyipereka kwa vitamini K - ili ndi masamba ambiri a letesi kuposa masamba ena aliwonse. Izi zimakhalanso ndi calcium, magnesium, folic acid, sulufu, ayodini, phosphorous ndi zinthu zina. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mavitamini a B mu masamba a letesi, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta amtunduwu ndikofunikira. Lactacin yomwe ili mchikhalidwe ichi imapangitsa kuti magazi a cholesterol azikhala bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza kwambiri kwa odwala matenda ashuga, odwala matenda oopsa komanso anthu olemera. Saladi yokhala ndi kalori yochepa imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya zingapo polimbana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Kudya saladi, mosasamala za mitundu, kudzakuthandizani kukonza maonekedwe a khungu ndi tsitsi, kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa mavitamini am'madzi ndipo kumathandizanso kukonza thupi.

Masamba a saladi amtundu wina amakhala ndi oxalic acid ndipo onse, kupatula, ali ndi fiber. Chifukwa chake, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda am'mimba thirakiti sayenera kunyamulidwa mokulira ndi izi zobiriwira.

Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana Ya Saladi

Ndi mtundu wa saladi, imatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu - tsamba, mutu ndi mutu.

Masamba a letesi amapanga mutu, mutu kapena theka

Mwa mitundu yambiri yolembetsedwa mu State rejista zosankha bwino, timaganizira zotchuka kwambiri.

Mitundu yamutu

Adamant ndi mitundu yakucha-yakucha. Masamba akulu obiriwira, masamba obiriwira pang'ono amapanga mutu wozungulira wolemera, pafupifupi 35. Amayamba kukolola patatha masiku 50 atabzala. Chomwe chimasiyanitsa mitunduyi ndi kukoma kwamasamba ndi masamba omwe amasintha chifukwa chakuwombera koyambirira.

Mwamuna wa gingerbread ndi mutu wobiriwira wakucha kabichi. Nyengo yakula ndi yoposa masiku 90. Masamba obiriwira okhala ndi zokutira zonunkhira amasonkhanitsidwa mumutu wosalala. Kulawa ndi kuwonetsa ndizabwino kwambiri. Kulekerera kwakukulu.

Atakulungidwa

Kucheryavets Gribovsky ndi theka-kucha, pakati yakucha zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi kuyambira kubzala mpaka kukolola masiku 60-70. Masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino obiriwira okhala ndi malire a buluu amisonkhanitsidwa pamutu wowoneka bwino wa kabichi. Zomwe zimapangidwazo ndizovuta, zabwino kwambiri. Zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana ndi mawanga, zowola imvi komanso poyambira.

Boston ndi saladi wobiriwira wapakatikati. Masamba obiriwira opepuka okhala ndi m'mbali mwa wavy amapanga gawo lotayirira la mutu wotalika mpaka 150 g. Mitunduyo imasiyanitsidwa ndi zipatso zambiri komanso kukoma kwambiri.

Zopanda

Riviera - letala masamba apakatikati. Rosette wokongoletsa wopangidwa ndi masamba osalala okhwima ofanana ndi thundu. Makhalidwe ake osiyana siyana ndi kukoma, zipatso, kukana kwa maluwa.

Dubachek ndi mtundu wapakatikati wamasamba omwe ali ndi masamba oblong wavy. Tsamba lamasamba ndilosalala, pang'ono pang'ono, labwinobwino. Saladi iyi ndi yosangalatsa chifukwa imatha kukula masamba atsopano m'malo mwa odulidwa.

Lollo Ross ndi amodzi mwamasamba odziwika kwambiri. Mitengo yayikulu ya masamba a wavy azithunzi zonse za burgundy mtundu ndizokongoletsa zenizeni m'mundamu. Zosiyanasiyana ndizaka zapakatikati, zopatsa zipatso zokoma.

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana Ya Saladi

Letning kukula letesi

Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya letesi ndi yoyenera kufesa zonse zobiriwira komanso panthaka. Kuti mupeze msipu wobiriwira, mbewuyi imatha kubzala kudzera mbande.

Pang'onopang'ono ndondomeko yofesa mbewu za mbande

1. Sakanizani dothi wamba la manyowa ndi humus muyezo wa 1: 1 ndikudzaza mbande ndi osakaniza.
2. Poletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ,akhetsani dothi ndi yankho la phytosporin.
3. Muyenera kubzala mbewu munthaka yonyowa, koma osati yonyowa, kotero mutatha kuthirira ndikofunikira kuti nthaka iume pang'ono.
4. Pamwamba, pangani mitengo yopanda matayala mtunda wa 2 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake ndikufalitsa mbewuzo.
5. Finyani kumtunda ndi dothi laling'onoting'ono, osakhala lotalika kuposa 1 cm ndikufinya kuchokera mfuti yolusa.

Pambuyo pa masiku 4-5, mphukira zoyambirira zidzawonekera. Mbeu za saladi sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera - ndikofunikira kuthirira nthaka nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, kumasula dothi.

Kanema: momwe mungasamalire saladi ndikupeza zokolola zabwino

Saladi imakonda dothi lonyowa, koma sililekerera kuthirira kwamadzi, kotero kuthirira sikuyenera kukhala kochulukirapo, kaya ndi mbande kapena mbewu zokhwima kale.

Kuphika mbande za letesi sikofunikira, mutha kungowonda mu gawo la masamba awiri enieni. Pambuyo pakuwonekera masamba 3-4, mbande zitha kubzalidwe m'malo okhazikika.

Mitengo yolima letesi ikhoza kubzalidwa pabedi

Kubzala mbewu panthaka

Mbeu za letesi zimafesedwa chisanu chisanachitike, kutentha kwa mpweya sikukwera pamwamba 0^zaC. Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zimayamba kumayambiriro kwa Novembala. Mu nthawi yamasika, kufesa kumachitika kuyambira mwezi wa Epulo mpaka Juni, nthawi zina pambuyo pake, ngati ndi mtundu wosachedwa kucha.

Mbewu za saladi ndizochepa ndipo mukafesa, kuti zitheke, zimasakanikirana ndi mchenga wamtsinje. Njirayi imathandizira kupewa kukhuthala.

Letesi imakonda dothi lachonde popanda kulowerera nawo. Kukonzekera mabedi a mbewuyi kuyenera kuyamba kugwa - pangani manyowa a kompositi kapena manyowa owola pokumba ndi phosphorous-potaziyamu wa feteleza padziko. Chapakatikati, ndikudzanso bedi, chotsani mizu yaminga ndi ma dothi akuluakulu padziko lapansi. Sinthani pamtunda ndikupanga miyala yopanda miyala. Mtunda pakati pa mizere zimatengera zosiyanasiyana - nthawi zambiri opanga mbewu amapereka njira yabwino yobzala.

Kubzala letesi pabedi lina

Fesani mbewu m'mipanda ndikuwaza ndi lapansi, wosanjikiza osaposa 1.5 cm. Bedi la mundayo litha kuphimbidwa ndi filimu, yomwe ikamera imayenera kuchotsedwa. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito spanbond kapena lutrasil - pogona ndi zinthuzi kuteteza kubzala ku kutentha kwambiri, dzuwa, mphepo komanso tizirombo.

Komanso chisamaliro chimakhala kuthirira nthawi zonse, kumasula komanso kumasula. Kamodzi pakatha masabata awiri kapena atatu, mutha kudyetsa mizere ya saladi yowumitsidwa m'madzi ndi urea ndi potaziyamu mankhwala enaake kapena feteleza wa mchere wovuta.

Mukakulitsa letesi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kasinthasintha wa mbeu - izi zimateteza mbewu ku matenda. Saladi itabzalidwe pambuyo pa ma radish kapena nyemba. Nthawi zambiri, malo oyandikana nawo bwino amathandiza kupewa matenda kapena tizirombo tina, chifukwa chake akatswiri amalimbikitsa kubzala saladi ndi nkhaka, turnips, kabichi, mbatata.

Kukula letesi pawindo

Saladi ndi chomera chosasinthika ndipo chitha kulimidwa mosavuta panyumba pawindo. Poto iliyonse yamaluwa kapena chidebe cha pulasitiki ndichoyenera izi. Mabowo okumba ayenera kupangidwa pansi pa thankiyo. Dzazani chidebe ndi dothi - Kusakaniza kwina kulikonse kwa maluwa kapena mbande ndikoyenera. Fesani mbewu panthaka ndikuwaza ndi lapansi pang'ono, wosanjikiza 4-5 mm. Pukuta pa botolo lothira ndikuyika pawindo. Malowa akuyenera kukhala owotcha, apo ayi mbande zimakhala zofooka ndikukula. Kuchepetsa kutentha usiku uliwonse kumapindulitsa, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale nyemba.

Chidebe chosazolowereka ndi masamba a saladi chimatsitsimutsanso khitchini yazenera

Ngati kukula kwa letesi kumachitika m'miyezi yachisanu, ndikumakhala ndi nthawi yayifupi masana, ndiye kuti mbewu ziyenera kuwunikira m'mawa ndi madzulo ndi nyali ya fluorescent kapena phytolamp. Makina ofunikira a lettuce ndi maola 12-14. Saladi ndi chikhalidwe chokonda chinyontho, kotero kuthirira nthawi zonse ndikofunikira. Ndikwabwino kuthira pansi poto - izi zimachepetsa mwayi wowola kapena mwendo wakuda.

Masamba oyambilira akaonekera, mbande ziyenera kudulilidwa kuti mbewu zikule momasuka. Masabata 2-3 atamera, mbande zitha kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wachilengedwe chonse.

Kanema: momwe mungakulire letesi nthawi yozizira

Mutha kuyamba kuthyola masamba akangofika kukula kwabwino, pomwe kuli bwino ndikuchotsa masamba akunja, kusiya omwe ali mkati kuti akhwime.

Matenda ndi tizirombo ta letesi

Kutengera kuzungulira kwa mbewu komanso kayendetsedwe koyenera, saladiyo samakhudzidwa ndi matenda aliwonse. Popewa kuwoneka ngati imvi zowola, mwendo wakuda ndi phwete wofiyikira, ndikofunikira kuthira bedi la mbewu ndi yankho la mkuwa wamkuwa pamiyeso ya 5 l pa 1 sq. m

Maonekedwe amdima akuda masamba letesi, nthawi zambiri, amawonetsa matenda osasangalatsa - septoria. Ndikwabwino kuchotsa mbewu zomwe zimakhudzidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti matendawa asafalikire. Ndikosatheka kuchiza matenda omwe ali ndi matenda ndi mankhwala, motero njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala.

Zithunzi Zazithunzi: Matenda a Letesi

Mwa tizirombo ta letesi, nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata zopachika, ma slgs ndi waya zikuwoneka kwambiri. Zimadziwika kuti mbewu zomwe zimamera pansi pa spanbond nthawi zambiri sizikhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.

Kuwoneka kwa mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamasamba letesi kungasonyeze kuwukira kwa nthomba yopachika. Njira zodzitetezera ndi zothandiza kwambiri pothana ndi tizilombo - kudula maudzu, kuthirira nthawi zonse komanso kuvala pamwamba. Tekinolo yokhazikitsidwa bwino yolima imalola kuti mbeu izikhala ndi mphamvu nthawi yayitali kuti ikule mwachangu, ndipo masamba akuluakulu samakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo.

Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti maonekedwe a tizirombo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, ma gerons sangathe kukonzedwa. Koma pali yabwino - yachilengedwe Fitoverm. Sichiyipitsa chilengedwe, sikuti phytotoxic ndipo simapezeka masamba mkati mwa masiku 2-3 mutalandira chithandizo.

Ndiwothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito nyambo motsutsana ndi ma slgs. Mutha kukonza zidutswa za mabodi kapena zolembera zakale m'mabedi - tizirombo kubisala pansi padzuwa ndipo zonse zomwe zatsala ndikuzisonkhanitsa ndikuziwononga. Njira yocheperako - nyambo ya mowa. Kumbani mitsuko yaying'ono m'nthaka mpaka pansi ndikuthira mowa pansi. Oseketsa a banja lonse amalowerera izi. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, mutha kuwachotsa pafupifupi.

Molimbana ndi waya, ndimathandizanso kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito nyambo, koma muyenera kuchita izi masabata awiri musanafesere mbewu. Ngati mukudziwa kuti mawonekedwe anyaniwa pamalowo sawonetsedwa, pa bedi lakonzedwa mundawo mutha kuyika zidutswa za kaloti ndi mbatata, ndikuzikumba pang'ono ndikuyika malo. Patatha masiku angapo, sonkhanitsani nyambo ndi waya ndi kuwola yatsopano.

Zithunzi Zazithunzi: Tizilombo ta Letesi

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndi letesi zokulira

Nthawi zina, kukula kwa letesi, wamaluwa amakumana ndi mavuto. Chodziwika kwambiri cha izo ndi chikasu cha masamba. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo zodabwitsazi, ndipo chachikulu ndikubowoleza kwamadzi chomera. Kukongoletsa masamba kungasonyeze kusowa kwa zinthu zina - nayitrogeni kapena potaziyamu. Ndikusowa kashiamu, magnesium, chitsulo ndi zinthu zina, pepalalo limasinthanso chikaso kapena kuyera, chlorosis imawoneka. Ngati kuthirira kumasinthidwa molondola, mutha kutaya ma timelo ndi yankho la zovuta zamamina amchere.

Kuperewera kwa zinthu m'nthaka kumatsogolera kuti chikaso cha masamba chikhale

Vuto lina ndi kuwawa kwa masamba letesi. Ndiyenera kunena kuti kuwawa ndi chikhalidwe cha mitundu yambiri, makamaka ndi utoto wofiira, ndipo apa ndiye chiwonetsero chazomera. Kukoma kowawa kumatha kuonekera chifukwa chosakwanira kuthirira, pomwe saladiyo idalandira chinyezi chochepa pakukula. Ngati masamba atuluka, ndiye kuti sanakololedwe pa nthawi yake, adzakhalanso owawa.

Mutha kuchepetsa mkwiyo mu njira yosavuta kwambiri. Tsukani masamba omwe asonkhanitsidwa, kufupikitsani ma petioles pang'ono ndikuyika madzi oyera kwa maola awiri. Kenako, ngati kuwawako sikunathe, mutha kupitiliza maora kwa maola awiri atatu mumadzi amchere.

Kututa ndi kusungira letesi

Mutha kuyeretsa saladi mukakhala kouma - m'mawa kapena madzulo. Masamba omwe adatenthedwa kutentha kapena kuthirira kapena mvula sizisungidwa. Mitundu ya masamba imadulidwa ndi mpeni pambuyo poti mbewuyo ipange masamba akuluakulu a 8-10. Mitundu yolinganizidwa ndikugudubuzika imachotsedwa pomwe mutu wa kabichi ukhazikitsidwa ndikufikira saizi yolingana ndi kufotokozera kwamitundu. Mulimonsemo, kuyeretsa kuyenera kuchitika muvi wamaluwa usanachitike, apo ayi kukoma kudzachepera.

Letesi yophika kutentha firiji imatha kusungidwa osaposa tsiku limodzi. Ngati masamba owuma atakulungidwa mu pepala ndikuyika mu thumba la pulasitiki, saladiyo imakhalabe mufiriji kwa masiku 4-5. Kuti Kuti muwonjezere nthawi yosungirako, mutha kukumba masiketi kapena mitu ya kabichi ndikuphika kwa dziko ndikuyikaika m'makapu apulasitiki. M'thumba la pulasitiki, m'chipinda chamasamba, mbewu yotere imatha masabata 2-3.

Saladi waotchera pansi amakhala watsopano kwa nthawi yayitali

Kusunga mbewu ya saladi chifukwa cha dzinja, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kofinya. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwumitse masamba, chifukwa atatha kupukusa amasintha kukhala chosasangalatsa.

Ndemanga za Saladi

Ndikufuna ndimve yemwe amakonda kulima mtundu wa saladi ndi chifukwa chake. Kenako ndikuuzeni za mitundu yomwe ndimakonda: "Dandy". Mitundu iyi idalangizidwa kwa ine ndi wogulitsa ku kiosk komwe amagulitsa mbewu, podziwa kuti ineyo ndimadzala mbande. Letesi yamtunduwu imakulidwa m'chigawo chathu kokha kudzera mbande (tili ndi Siberia). Ndinkazikonda kwambiri kuposa ena, choyambirira, chifukwa chimabala zipatso nthawi yonse, masamba atsopano amakula nthawi zonse, amabala zipatso bwino ndipo amalekerera ngakhale chisanu mpaka -7, komanso amasungidwa mufiriji kwanthawi yayitali m'njira yosemedwa (masabata 2-3, osatinso Ndayesa), ndipo alinso ndi kukoma kosangalatsa. Inenso sindinali wokonda saladi wapadera, koma kusiyanasiyana kumeneku kunandipatsa mwayi.

Svetiktomsk

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/14909/

Pali mitundu yambiri yakale ya saladi wofiira "Lolla Rosa", ndipo pali enanso ambiri ofiira. Ndiwokongoletsa kwambiri, wowawa, chifukwa mumapezeka ayodini ambiri mkati mwake, othandiza kwambiri.

valucha

//www.forumhouse.ru/threads/14909/

Dubachek ndiye ndimaikonda, samatulutsa. Lolla Rossa ndiyenera. Zabwino komanso zokoma. Ndipo zimakhala zokongola kwambiri kuwabzala pafupi ndi bedi limodzi. Ndipo ngati sichikhala m'mizere yosavuta - moyo wabwino kwambiri

Marina

//dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t17736.html

Chifukwa cha kuphweka kwa kukula, saladi imatha kukongoletsa tebulo lathu chaka chonse. Ndipo pazinthu izi sikofunikira konse kukhala ndi kanyumba, wowonjezera kutentha kapena chiwembu chakhomedwe - khonde kapena zenera lakumwera ndiloyenera. Bzalani mitundu itatu ya saladi mu bokosi lililonse la pulasitiki kapena mumphika - ndipo nthawi zonse mudzakhala ndi zokometsera komanso zopatsa thanzi patebulo.