Yarrow ndi chomera cham'mera kuchokera ku banja la Asters. Itha kupezeka paliponse ku Central Asia, Far East ndi Europe gawo la Russia. Mitundu yamtambo wamba imakopa chidwi chochepa, kupatula ngati ndi masamba ofunda. Mutha kukumana ndi nkhokwe zotere m'dera lankhondo, m'misewu, pamiyala yamiyala ndi mchenga. Mpaka pano, sikuti aliyense akudziwa kuti yarrow ali ndi mitundu yokongoletsera yaminda yomwe ili ndi inflorescence yayikulu yamitundu yambiri. Nthawi zambiri zimalimidwa m'mabedi amaluwa. Komanso, chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala, chosavuta kusamalira.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Yarrow (Achillea) - zitsamba zosatha zokhala ndi mpweya wamphamvu komanso wolimba. Amakhala ndi ndodo zingapo ndipo nthawi imodzi amakula mlengalenga. Zimayambira pang'onopang'ono nthambi za pansi. Pang'onopang'ono zimayandikira pafupi ndi khosi la muzu. Kutalika kwa mphukira ndi 15-50 cm (nthawi zina mpaka 1 m). Nthawi zambiri, mphukira amakula vertically, kokha nthawi zina amapinda.
Nthambi pa yarrow imamera pang'ono, imapezekanso. Masamba a Petiole amakhala ndi ma cirrus-otayidwa ndi mapindikira opindika, opakidwa utoto wonyezimira kapena wobiriwira. M'mphepete mwa nkhanu zing'onozing'ono ndi serata.
Pakati pa chilimwe, nsonga ya tsinde imatalika. Mtengo wa corymbose inflorescence wopangidwa ndi mabasiketi ang'onoang'ono ambiri, umatulutsa maluwa. Dengu lililonse limakhala ndi mtundu wachikasu wonyezimira wamaluwa amitundu iwiri ndipo umapangidwa ndi maluwa oyera kapena oyera a bango. M'lifupi mwa dengu ndi 3-20 mm.
Maluwa amapukutidwa ndi tizilombo komanso mphepo. Pambuyo pa izi, achenes popanda crests ndi yaing'ono oblong mbewu zipse. Kumera kumatenga zaka 4.
Mitundu ya Yarrow
Mitundu ya yarrow ndiyambiri, imakhala ndi mitundu yoposa 150 ya mbewu.
Yarrow. Wokhalanso m'nkhalango, malo am'mphepete mwa msewu ndi ziwembu zomwe anthu amapanga popanda kusamalidwa, ngati udzu. Mizu yake imaphukidwa kwambiri. Mphukira zolimba zimakutidwa ndi masamba opindika. Mu June-Ogasiti, chishango chachikulu chomwe chili ndi mitundu yoyera kapena yamaluwa apinki pamwamba. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Paprika - wokutidwa ndi maluwa ofiira;
- Marie Ann - amasungunikira zikopa zowala zachikasu;
- Apple yamaluwa - imakhazikika ndi inflorescence yapinki ya pinki.
Yarrow ptarmika. Chomera chimakonda kuzizira komanso chilala. Chilengedwe cholimira chilili pafupi ndi nthaka. Nthambi zamphamvu zolimba zimapangidwa ndi shrub mpaka 1 m kutalika. Amakutidwa ndi masamba opindika. Mitengo yofukiza yamkati yoyera ndi maluwa oyera kapena a kirimu imayamba kuphuka mu Julayi-Ogasiti. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Adakutidwa - ndi maluwa a terry oyenera kudula;
- Pearl - akuwombera mpaka masentimita 75 pakusungunula mabasiketi okhala ngati masentimita awiri.
Yarrow meadowsweet. Nthambi zotalika mpaka 1,2 m zimamera masamba obiriwira otuwa komanso obiriwira. Dengu lina la munthu aliyense ndi 5 mm. Amayikidwa m'magulu azitsulo a corymbose mpaka mainchesi 13. Mitundu ya utoto yojambulidwa chikasu chagolide. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba mu Julayi. Zosiyanasiyana:
- mbale yagolide - chitsamba chokongola kwambiri chokongola makamaka ndi makulidwe owuma ndi obiriwira achikuda owala;
- kuwala kwa mwezi - zitsamba zazitali za 4-6 masentimita limamasula ndimu chikasu inflorescence.
Njira zolerera
Kubzala mbewu ndi koyenera kwa mbewu zamtchire, chifukwa chake wamaluwa sagwiritsa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona kudzilamulira nokha. Mbande zoyamba kubadwa. Kuti muchite izi, kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February, mabokosi osaya ndi mchenga womasuka ndi dothi la peat amakonzedwa. Mbewu zimagawidwa pamtunda ndi mtunda wa 2 cm ndikuchepera pang'ono pansi. Pamwambapo amafafizidwa kuchokera ku botolo la utsi. Mphikawo umasiyidwa pamalo abwino owira komanso otentha. Kuwombera kumawonekera masiku 10-15. Masamba enieni awiri akamakula, mbande zimadumphira mumphika wosiyana wa peat. Kupitilira kwina kumachitika mosamala, popeza mizu yolimba ndiyosavuta kuwononga ndikuwononga mbewuyo. Mbande imafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse, nthaka ikadzuma, imafa msanga. Kubzala panthaka kumachitika koyambirira kwa Meyi, pomwe kutalika kwa mbewu ndi masentimita 10-15.
Ndikosavuta kufalitsa mbewu zachikale pogawa chitsamba. Njira imeneyi ndiyofunikira kupewetsa ukalamba. Muzigwiritsa ntchito zaka 2-3 zilizonse. Chitsamba chimakumbidwa pakati pa kasupe kapena kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, chimasulidwa ku dothi ndikuchidula ndikadula pang'ono ndi malo okula. Zomera zomwe zimabzalidwe m'nthaka yatsopano ndikuthirira madzi ambiri.
M'nyengo yotentha, kudula kumatha kudulidwa kuchokera kumtunda kwa mphukira zam'mbali. Amazika mizu poyera, koma poyamba amapeka pang'ono. Kwa masabata 1-2, zodulidwa zimathiridwa madzi mosamala ndikusungidwa ndi cap. Zomera zimathandizira tsiku lililonse. Pambuyo pozika mizu, amaziika kumalo okhazikika ndi mtanda waukulu wapadziko lapansi.
Kusankha Pamalo ndi Chisamaliro
Yarrow amakula bwino pamalo otseguka komanso dzuwa. Pokhotakhaka yarrow yokha imangofunika mthunzi wocheperako ndi chitetezo cham'mawa. Zomera zimakonda dothi lotayirira, lopanda madzi pamtunda wokwera, pomwe madzi osalowa pansi samalowa. Mitundu yamtchire imatha kumera ngakhale pamipanda yamchenga, koma yarrow yokongoletsera imafunikira nthaka yachonde.
Asanabzala, maluwa okumbidwawo amakumbidwa ndipo mchenga ndi kompositi zimayambitsidwa. Kukhala wakhama ndi feteleza sikuyenera. Zochulukirapo zimathandizira kukula kwa unyinji wobiriwira, ndipo maluwa amatuluka pang'ono komanso pang'ono. Ubwino wa yarrow ndikuti ma rhizomes ake amatha kupanga sulufufufufufufufufufuyo ndikupanga nthaka ndi iyo. Kutengera kutalika kwa mitundu, mtunda pakati pa tchire ndi 15 cm cm. Mutabzala, kuthirira kambiri kumafunikira.
Kusamalira ana tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kosavuta. Zomera zothirira ziyenera kukhala zoperewera, posakhalitsa mvula. Kuthirira nthawi ya budding ndi maluwa ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kukhazikika kwamadzi munthaka sikuyenera kuloledwa.
Kuti pakhale bwino, dothi limamasulidwa nthawi zonse ndipo udzu umachotsedwa. Tchire totalikirapo timafunikira garati, koma pamalo otseguka ndi dzuwa komwe amatha kuchita popanda icho, popeza zimayambira zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndikulimba.
Mitundu yamaluwa imadyetsedwa ndi ma mineral complexes katatu pachaka. Amachita izi nthawi yamasamba, maluwa, ndikamaliza. Zokonda zimaperekedwa ku maofesi onse amamineral.
Momwe inflorescence imafota, imadulidwa, kuletsa kucha kwa mbewu. Zimakhala zovuta kusiya kudziletsa. Kumbukirani kuti yarrow ndi chomera chankhanza. Amafunika kuwunikira pafupipafupi komanso kuchepera.
M'dzinja, mphukira zimadulidwa pafupifupi pansi. Njira zodzitchinjiriza ndi zina zoteteza mbewu sizofunikira ngakhale nyengo yotentha. Mizu yake imalimbana kwambiri ndi kuzizira, ndipo kasupe wobiriwira watsopano amawoneka.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga pafupifupi sizivuta yarrow. Kukula kwake kumakhala ndi fungo looneka bwino, koma losasangalatsa kwa tizilombo, motero majeremusi ali tchire samatha. Komanso, zimayambira zouma zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi tizilombo, mwachitsanzo, monga kubwezeretsa. Yarrow samakhudzanso yarrow. Pokhapokha ngati sizisamalidwa bwino komanso dothi lonyowa kwambiri limakhala mizu yoola. Kuyambira amathandizira mankhwalawa ndi fungicide ndikutsatira njira yothirira.
Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake
Openwork, masamba ofewa a yarrow ndi osangalatsa kukhudza ndipo amasangalatsa mawonekedwe a wamaluwa. Chomera chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyika mabedi amaluwa ndi maluwa owala kapena maluwa onunkhira pakati pa udzu. Yarrow wabzalidwa kuti adzaze malo pakati pa tchire, mu mixborder ndi miyala miyala. Kupangitsa kuti bedi la maluwa lizikhala lokwanira, mitundu ingapo ya yarrow yokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya inflorescence nthawi zambiri imakhala yophatikizika. Komanso, kampaniyo imatha kumupanga ma dolphiniums, lavender, sage, echinacea, poppy, chamomile.
Mankhwala ndi contraindication
Yarrow amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala wamba. Zomera zonse kapena ma inflorescence ake omwe amakolola ngati mankhwala opangira mankhwala. Nthawi yabwino yokolola ndi gawo loyambirira la maluwa (lisanade kwambiri kwamitu). Zomwe mumachiritsa ndizatsopano madzi, tincture wa mowa ndi msuzi.
Yarrow amadziwika ndi antimicrobial, anti-yotupa, machiritso a bala ndi anti-allergen. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamavuto ndimatumbo am'mimba:
- kutsegula m'mimba
- mitengo;
- chisangalalo;
- urolithiasis;
- cholelithiasis;
- minofu yosalala;
- matenda a chiwindi.
Mankhwala amatengedwa chifukwa cha kutukusira kwam'mimba komanso kwamkodzo, komanso ziwalo zoberekera wamkazi. Kuphatikiza apo, yarrow imawonjezeredwa pamagulu osakanikirana omwe amathandizira kupweteka mutu, chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo. Amayi oyamwitsa amatenga gawo kuti athandizire kuyamwa. Ngati kutupa kumayambira mkamwa, ndiye kuti ma tannins apamwamba amathandizira kuthana nawo mwachangu.
Yarrow apezanso ntchito mu cosmetology. Amapukuta khungu ndi tonic, ndibwino kuwonjezera chodzikongoletsera kusamba kuti muchepetse dongosolo lamanjenje ndikusintha mkhalidwe wa khungu. Kulimbitsa tsitsi, ayenera kuchapidwa ndi yarrow decoction mutatsuka.
Contraindication kutenga ndi nthawi ya mimba komanso amakonda thrombosis. Kugwiritsa ntchito mopitilira muyeso sikosafunikanso, chifukwa kumabweretsa ming'oma ndi chizungulire.
