Muscari ndi masamba osatha omwe ndi abwino kukongoletsa dimba lamasika. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira mkati mwa masamba obiriwira owala bwino amapangika pang'onopang'ono pamtunda wopanda kanthu komanso wakuda. Muscari ndi wa banja la Asparagus. Mwodziwika bwino, amadziwika bwino ndi mayina "sner uta" kapena "hyacinth ya mbewa." Kwawo kwa chomeracho ndi Mediterranean ndi Western Asia. Mitundu yambiri imamera ndipo nthawi yozizira imakhala bwino m'malo otentha komanso ozizira. Kusamalira chomera ndikosavuta. Malamulo angapo sangathandize osati kukwaniritsa zokongola, komanso kusankha nthawi yoyenda maluwa.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Muscari ndi anyezi wocheperako wa anyezi 10 mpaka 40. Mbali ya pansi pa tsinde lake imakhala ya anyezi wa 3.5-5 masentimita awiri ndi awiri cm. Gulu la mizu yopyapyala limamera pansi pake.
Kumayambiriro kwam'mawa, chomera chimapanga rosette ya masamba obiriwira osayenda bwino kutalika masentimita 17-20. Babu iliyonse imakula masamba 2-6. Amakhala ndi chingwe chocheperako kapena chopanda chowongolera chokhala ndi m'mphepete mwamphamvu komanso kumapeto. Palibe mawonekedwe papepala.
Nthawi yamaluwa, kutengera mitundu ndi nyengo nyengo, imayamba kuyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Juni. Zimakhala milungu iwiri. Poyamba, matupi oyamba, amakula kuchokera pakati pa tsamba. Ili ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical komanso mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Pafupi ndi maluwa, tsinde limayamba kugwira mawu.
Mtundu wa racemose inflorescence umakhala ndi maluwa ambiri ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala pafupi. Kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 7-8. Duwa lolekana ndi corolla logwirizana limafanana ndi kakombo wa m'chigwacho. Mphepete mwa miyala ya maluwa-ngati mbiya mumiyeso mwamphamvu ndikugawidwa m'mabowo 6. Kupaka utoto ndi loyera, lilac, lamtambo, lamtambo kapena lofiirira. Nthawi zina m'mphepete pamakhala malire. Pamaluwa, mitundu yambiri imakhala fungo labwino kwambiri.
Kukula kwamaluwa kumayamba maluwa kuchokera kumaluwa apansi. Pamwambapo pali masamba osabala kuti akope tizilombo. Njuchi ndi agulugufe amatulutsa timadzi tokoma kuchokera chubu ndi ma poluchi wawo ndiku munguwa. Pambuyo povundukula, mwana wosabadwayo amapangidwa ngati bokosi loyambira kapena looneka ngati mtima ndi makhoma. Mkati mwake muli njere zazing'ono, zofiirira.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya muscari
Mitundu ya Muskari iphatikiza mitundu 44 ya mbewu. Ena mwa iwo ndiofalikira pakupanga mawonekedwe ndipo ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera.
Muscari ndi Chiarmenia. Mitundu yambiri pakati wamaluwa imatulutsa inflorescence yayikulu yosanja (mpaka 50 masamba). Maluwa amayamba pakati pa Meyi. Maluwa abuluu owala amatha mpaka milungu itatu. Kutalika kwa duwa limodzi ndi pafupifupi 5 mm. Dera loyera loyera likuwonekera m'mphepete mwenimweni mwa miyala. Amapatsa fungo labwino. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Alba - limamasula maluwa oyera oyera;
- Sapphire - limamasula ndi masamba amdima wabuluu, koma osakhazikitsa mbewu;
- Blue Spike - nthambi iliyonse ya peduncle katatu, kotero inflorescence imawoneka yayikulupo komanso yotsika, imakhala ndi masamba a buluu wa 150-170.
Muscari plumeosis (wachikhulupiriro). Chomera chotalika masentimita 15 mpaka 20 chimasiyanitsidwa ndi inflorescence yotsika kwambiri ya mawonekedwe osazolowereka. Kutalika kwa nthongo ndi masentimita 5-8. Mbali imodzi yamaluwa, mabatani akuluakulu ndi owala amakula, ndikupanga crest pa inflorescence. Maluwa onse amapakidwa utoto wamtambo-violet. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa Meyi. Pang'onopang'ono, muvi umakula ndipo pakutha maluwa, kutalika kwake kumafikira 70 cm.
Muscari wapindika. Chomera chochulukirapo chotalika kuposa masentimita 15 kumapeto kwa muvi chimapanga inflorescence yowoneka ngati mbewa. Mphukira zazing'ono zimapakidwa zoyera kapena zapinki ndipo zimapanikizidwa mwamphamvu. Zosiyanasiyana:
- Album - yokhala ndi maluwa oyera oyera;
- Carneum - mu inflorescence maluwa ofiira a pinki amakula kwambiri wina ndi mnzake.
Mulcari wideleaf. Kuchokera pansi pa bulb lonse masamba ambiri amafanana ndi masamba a tulip. Amapaka utoto wonyezimira wakuda. Pa chomera chimodzi, mitengo ingapo itha kuoneka yokhala ngati masamba obiriwira amdima.
Njira zolerera
Muscari amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu komanso zipatso. Pali mitundu yomwe imasankha imodzi mwazomwe zidatchulidwa. Ndi kufalikira kwa mbewu, zilembo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana sizifalikira. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pambuyo pa miyezi 12 yosungirako, kumera kwa mbewu kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Zofesedwa mwachangu pamalo otseguka, m'mabowo okhala ndi kuya kwa masentimita 1-2. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu zimayamba kubwererana ndipo mbewu zoyamba zimawonekera kumayambiriro kwamasika. Kwa miyezi ingapo, mbande zimapanga bulb ndikupanga misa yobiriwira. Maluwa amayamba mchaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu cha moyo.
Njira yosavuta yodziwika bwino yolerera ndikulekanitsa ana (mababu achichepere). Mwamwayi, munyengo yochepa chabe angapo a iwo. Sikoyenera kulekanitsa ana chaka chilichonse. Ndikwabwino kuwalola kukula ndi kupeza mphamvu pazaka 3-4. Nthawi yabwino yogawa ndikugulitsa imayamba mu Ogasiti-Seputembala. Kummwera, njirayi yakonzekera October-November. Kutengera ndi kukula kwa mababu, kuya kwakubzala ndi 4-6 cm.
Zinsinsi Zosamalira
Tikufika Ndikwabwino kufalitsa mbewu kumapeto kwa maluwa ndi masamba (Ogasiti-Okutobala). Zimagawidwa m'magulu a mpaka zidutswa za 10-15, koma malo omasuka azikhala pakati pa mababu amodzi. Chifukwa chake dimba la maluwa lidzakhala lokongoletsa kwambiri komanso lowonekera. Musanabzale, mababu amayendera kuti awononge, amasanja zovunda komanso zamdambo ndikuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Choyamba, amazidulira mu njira ya Karbofos, kenako ndikuviika kwa ola limodzi mu yankho lamphamvu la manganese.
Tsambali likuyenera kukhala ladzuwa kapena losalala. Nthaka imakumbidwapo ndi kuswa ndi ma clad akulu. Kubzala maenje kwakutali kwa 8-10 masentimita amapanga osaya (mpaka 8 cm). Mababu ang'onoang'ono amabzalidwa m'malo otetezeka mumizere mumabowo. Choyamba, mchenga umathiridwa pamabowo pansi, kenako ndikumadzala ndikuyala. Mababu amawazidwa ndi dothi, ophatikizika komanso madzi ambiri.
Kukumba muscari pachaka sikofunikira. Zomera nyengo yachisanu imakhala nyengo yotentha, koma zaka 4-5 zilizonse kubzala ndizambiri. Afunika kuwonda ndikusintha pamwamba.
Kusiya. Kusamalira pafupipafupi kwa muscari kumaphatikizapo kuthirira. Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono, koma popanda kusunthika kwa madzi, apo ayi mababu adzawola. Pakalibe mvula, kuthirira kumachitika m'mawa.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mbewu zimaphatikizidwa ndi kompositi kapena humus. Chovala chapamwamba choyamba chimachitika pakumera. Kukonzanso feteleza kwakukonzekera nthawi ya budding. Ngakhale maluwa a muscari amatulutsa, ndikokwanira kuti nthawi zina tamasula dothi pafupi ndi dimba la maluwa.
Mbeu zokhwima zimagwera pansi mosavuta, zimathandizira kuti zibzale zambiri. Kuti mupewe, masamba atafota, inflorescence imadulidwa.
Maluwa amasiyanitsidwa ndi chitetezo chokwanira, komabe, mababu amatha kudwala matenda a fungus. Izi zimachitika mu malo okhuthala, pamtunda wolemetsa komanso wopingasa, komanso polumikizana ndi mbewu yodwala. Mwa majeremusi, mbewa zaukhondo zimagunda nsabwe za m'masamba. Samangomwa madzi amadzimadzi, komanso amatenga matenda oyamba ndi tizilombo. Malingaliro amakhudzidwa ndi osatheka kusunga. Ayenera kukumbidwa kuti ateteze kufalikira kwa matenda.
Zisanu. Muscari watchula nthawi yochulukirapo komanso yopumira. Kale kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, inflorescence imawuma kwathunthu, koma masamba amakhalabe mpaka chisanu. Kudula patsogolo pawo osavomerezeka, chifukwa panthawiyi pamakhala kupezeka kwa michere. M'nyengo yozizira, mkati mwa matalala, kufunika kothirira kumatha. Mphukira wouma umadulidwa, ndipo pansi panthaka ndimatidwa ndi peat ndikuwazidwa ndi masamba owuma.
Kukakamiza Kwambiri
Mutha kudzisangalatsa ndi inflorescence onunkhira nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Kuti muchite izi, pangani makina anu maluwa a muscari. Masamba akangochoka, mababu amakumbidwa ndikuwuma m'chipinda chozizira. Kenako amaikidwa mumbale zokhala ndi peat kapena mchenga kuti zisungidwe. Poyamba, kutentha kwa mpweya kumasungidwa pa + 15 ... + 17 ° C. Pambuyo pa milungu ingapo, mababu kwa miyezi 3-4 amasamutsidwa m'chipinda chomwe kutentha kwa + 5 ... + 9 ° C. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chipinda chamasamba mufiriji.
Pafupifupi milungu itatu tisanayambe maluwa, mababu amabzalidwa mumiphika ndi nthaka yachonde, yopanda dothi lakuya pafupifupi masentimita awiri. Zomera zimasinthidwa kupita pamalo owunikira bwino ndi kutentha pafupifupi + 10 ° C. Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, kutentha kumakweza mpaka + 15 ° C. Zitatha izi, masamba amakula mwachangu, ndipo patatha milungu iwiri, peduncle amawonekera.
Gwiritsani ntchito Muscari
Mouse hyacinth amalimidwa makamaka pofuna kukongoletsa. Amazunguliridwa ndi mabedi a maluwa, njira, komanso obzalidwa m'minda yamiyala ndi kutsogolo kwa zitsamba. Mithunzi yokhazikika ya inflorescence imalemeretsa dimba lamalimwe ndi matalala oyera abuluu, ofiirira, ofiira kapena oyera.
Muscari amawoneka bwino pafupi ndi daffodils ndi tulips. Amathanso kuphatikizidwa ndi crocuses ndi ma kopi. Ndibwino kubzala mbewu zambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya inflorescence ndi nthawi ya maluwa. Mitundu ina ndi yoyenera kukula m'mipanda pamakhonde ndi ma verandas. Fungo lamaluwa wamaluwa limasowetsa tizilombo tovuta, motero nthawi zambiri limabzalidwe pakati pa mbewu zina, monga tinthu tachilengedwe.
