Sophora Japonica ndi mtengo waukulu, wamtundu womwe umachokera ku mtundu wa Styphnobius m'mabanja achimuna. Zomera zakunyumba ndi Japan ndi China. Chifukwa chofanana ndi mthethe, imakonda kutchedwa "mthethe wa ku Japan" kapena "pagoda." Sophora ali ndi korona wobala wobiriwira wopepuka. Chomera chimatha kukongoletsa bwino dimba kum'mwera zigawo kapena nyengo yotentha. Komabe, ambiri a sophora samadziwika chifukwa cha zokongoletsera zake, koma chifukwa cha zambiri zakuchiritsa kwake. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mu mankhwala achikhalidwe ndi anthu, chifukwa chake, kuti adotolo munyumba yanuyo azikhala osapezeka.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Japan Sophora ndi mtengo wopingasa 20-25 m.Uli ndi korona wobisika, wopindika kapena maambulera. Nthambi za mafupa zimakula mosalala, zoyambirira zimakhala zotsika. Zigawo zonse zokhala ndi limba zimakutidwa ndi makungwa owala amtambo wamdima wakuda wokhala ndi ming'alu yakuya. Mphukira zazing'ono zimakhala ndi khungu lowoneka bwino wobiriwira. Mulibe minga pachomera.
Masamba a Petiole panthambi amakonzedwanso. Ali ndi mawonekedwe osatupa ndipo ali ndi masamba 9-17. Kutalika kwa tsamba limodzi ndi petiole ndi 11-25 cm. Oblong kapena ovoid lobes amakula ndi 2-5 cm. Ndizosangalatsa kuti usiku uliwonse masamba amapindapinda ndikugwa, ndipo m'mawa kutulukanso.
Mu Julayi-Ogasiti, maluwa obiriwira komanso onunkhira oyera oyera amatuwa. Amasonkhanitsidwa mu panicle inflorescence kumapeto kwa mphukira. Kutalika kwa inflorescence ndi pafupifupi masentimita 35. Maulendo olowera, othinidwa amakhala ndi maluwa okongoletsedwa ndi miyala yofewa. Duwa lirilonse lalitali masentimita 1 limakhala ndi zoyenda pang'onopang'ono.
Sophora ndi chomera chabwino kwambiri cha uchi. Uchi uli ndi ma amber opepuka ndipo amachiritsa kwambiri. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, zipatso zimakhwima mu Okutobala-Novembala, nyemba zowutsa mudyo 3-8 cm. Tizilombo tokhala tokhazikika ndi utoto nthawi yomweyo zikamera zimapaka utoto wonyezimira. Nyemba zimatha kupachika nthambi nthawi yonse yozizira.
Kufalitsa kwa Sophora
Sophora kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi kudula. Pofesa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zatsopano. Kuti mbande ziziwoneka posachedwa, ndikofunikira kuchita stratation yotentha (kuthira madzi otentha kwa maola 2) kapena kuperewera (gwiritsitsani khungu ndi fayilo ya msomali) ya njere. Atatha kukonza, amabzala m'miphika ndi mchenga wosakanikirana ndi peat mpaka akuya masentimita 2-3. Zomera zimapukutidwa ndikufundidwa ndi filimu. Ndikofunikira kukulira mbewu firiji komanso kuwala bwino. Mphukira sizimawoneka mwachangu, mkati mwa miyezi 1.5-2. Wokula mbande wokhala ndi masamba awiri enieni amathira pansi (kudula muzu ndi wachitatu) ndi kuwaika m'miphika yaying'ono.
Pofuna kufalitsa mbande ndi zodula, ndikofunikira kudula masamba angapo apical 10-15 masentimita angapo ndi masamba olimba nthawi yamasika kapena chilimwe. Gawo limathandizidwa ndi "Kornevin" ndikubzala m'nthaka yonyowa. Zodulidwa zimakutidwa ndi chipewa cha pulasitiki. Ayenera kuwongolera tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kunyowa ngati pakufunika.
Malamulo akumalo
Sophora wa mkati mwachangu amapanga korona ndi rhizome, koma ndizovuta kwambiri kulekerera. Ngakhale mitengo yaying'ono inaziwitsidwa mchaka chimodzi. Zomera zazikulu zokha zimangobwecha pamwamba pamtunda. Sophora, ngati nthumwi zambiri za banja lanyumba, amalowa ndi bowa wokhala ndi dothi. Zotsatira zake, zisindikizo zing'onozing'ono zimayala pamizu. Kwa mbewu, mgwirizano wotere ndi wofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa chake, pozula, ndizosatheka kuti nthaka yonse isachoke pamizu.
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yonyamula zinthu ndi Januware-February, mpaka nthawi yomera iyamba. Sophora alibe zambiri zofunikira pamtunda. Ndikofunika kuti ndizopepuka komanso zopumira. Nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito chilengedwe kapena munda wamunda ndikuphatikizidwa ndi mchenga wamtsinje. Pansi, onetsetsani kuti mukutsanulira mzere wamadzi.
Kulima ndi chisamaliro
Sophora Japanese ndi wodzichepetsa pochoka. Itha kudalilidwa poyera komanso m'nyumba. Mumsewu, mbewuyo imatha nthawi yozizira ku Caucasus, Crimea, Sakhalin ndi madera ena mpaka kumwera kwa Siberia. Zomera zam'nyumba zimafuna kudulira nthawi zonse komanso kutalika kwakutali. Poterepa, mtengowo ndi wabwino maofesi ndi nyumba zowonongera. Imafunika kumera mu mphika yayikulu ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, imatengedwa kupita kumweya watsopano wamalimwe ndi chilimwe. Kuti sophora ikule bwino, malamulo ena osamalira ayenera kuyang'aniridwa.
Kuwala Mtengowo ndiwofera kwambiri. Imafunikira nthawi yayitali masana ndikuwala kowala. Dzuwa lolunjika limaloledwa. Komabe, m'chilimwe, pamatenthedwe olimba, zimalimbikitsidwa kuti muvute korona. M'nyengo yozizira, kuyatsa kowonjezera ndi nyali kungafunike.
Kutentha Sophora amasintha bwino malinga ndi chilengedwe. Imapirira kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe, koma imafunikira kukwera ndege pafupipafupi. M'nyengo yozizira, mmera uyenera kusamukira kumalo ozizira. Ndikofunika kuti isungidwe pamtunda wa 0 ... + 13 ° C. Ma sophor akunja amatha kupirira chisanu chochepa kwambiri chokhala ndi kutentha mpaka -25 ° C. Ngati simungathe kupereka nthawi yozizira, muyenera kusamalira kuyatsa kwambiri.
Chinyezi. Mwachilengedwe, Sophora amakhala kumadera achipululu, motero amatha kuthana ndi chinyezi chochepa. Sichifunikira kuthiridwa mwapadera, koma ndikofunika kusamba ndikusamba kuchokera kufumbi nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kuthirira. Sophora amakonda kuthirira pang'ono ndipo amatha kupirira chilala chochepa. Kutalika kwambiri kuti muchepetse kuthirira sikuyenera, apo ayi masamba ena a sophora adzatayidwa. Koma kuthira osavomerezeka, chifukwa mtengowo umatha kufa mwachangu. Sophora sakukhudzidwa ndi kapangidwe ka madzi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito madzi apampopi.
Feteleza. Kuyambira pa Okutobala mpaka Ogasiti, Sofora amafunikira kudya pafupipafupi. Kawiri pamwezi, yankho la feteleza kapena michere yachilengedwe yamaluwa yamaluwa limathiridwa mu dothi.
Zisanu. Zomera zakunja kwa dzinja zimafunikira kutetezedwa. Nthaka pamizu yake idayamika ndi peat ndikuphimbidwa ndi masamba agwa. Mitengo yamkati yokhala ndi nyengo yozizira bwino imatayiranso masamba onse. Izi ndizabwinobwino. Kumapeto kwa Januware, nthawi masana ikukwera, masamba ayamba kutuphuka ndipo amadyera achinyamata amawoneka. Masamba atsopano amakhala ngati chizindikiro chothirira yambiri ndikuyambitsa gawo loyamba la feteleza.
Kudulira. Sofora yomwe ikukula mwachangu iyenera kudulidwa pafupipafupi, chifukwa kukula kwa zomerazo kumatha kufika mita 1.5. Mphukira zazing'ono zimatsina nthawi zonse kuti zithe bwino. Nthambi zikuluzikulu za chigawo choyamba ndi chachiwiri zimadulidwa ndi ma secateurs.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika, mizu imatha kukhudzidwa ndi zowola. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuchita zingapo za mankhwalawa ndi fungicides. Nthawi zina, mbewu zimakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo tambiri, ma aphid, ndi moth-buleans. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndizotheka kuthana ndi majeremusi mwachangu.
Sophora japanese m'munda
Sophora ngati mtengo waukulu womwaza ndiwothandiza kwambiri kuti apumule. Pansi pake mutha kuyika gazebo kapena kukonza bwalo lamasewera. Nthambi zamphamvu zolimbana ndi katundu wolemera ndipo ndizoyenera kuteteza pachimenechi. Korona wofalikira amateteza mokwanira ku dzuwa lotentha, ndipo fungo labwino, lopanda tanthauzo limathandizanso kuti pakhale chisangalalo. Mtengowo ndi waukulu kwambiri, ndiye chomera chimodzi chokha chokwanira pamalowo. Koma m'mapaki adabzala mitengo yonse.
Mankhwala ndi kapangidwe kake
Magawo onse a sophora aku Japan ali ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza. Zina mwa izo ndi:
- flavonoid rutin (kulimbitsa ma capillaries, kuchepetsa magazi, kuwononga edema);
- pachycarpin alkaloid (sedative kwenikweni, kukondoweza kwa uterine contractions, kuchepetsa matenda oopsa);
- kufufuza zinthu (potaziyamu, boron, magnesium, ayodini, nthaka, chitsulo) - kulimbitsa minofu, mafupa, kukonzanso khungu, kuchotsa poizoni;
- glycosides (vasodilation, sputum excretion, utachepa kwambiri);
- organic acid (kuchotsa kwa poizoni, cholepheretsa njira zina zothandiza kugaya chakudya).
Zinthu zake zimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri kuzungulira kwa magazi, makamaka pamitsempha yamagazi ndi ma capillaries. Sophora amatsuka mipata yamkati, komanso amalimbitsa makhoma ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zawo. Monga zopangira zachipatala, maluwa osachepera, masamba kapena zipatso zosapatsa chikasu zobiriwira amatuta. Ziwume mu chipinda chotsegukira bwino, komanso malo ozizira. Gwiritsani ntchito zomwe zikusowa miyezi 12. Tea, msuzi ndi zikhomo za mowa zakonzedwa kuchokera kwa iwo.
Mankhwala ali ndi mankhwala awa:
- kuchepa kwa fragility yamitsempha yamagazi;
- kuchotsedwa kwa cholesterol plaques;
- kuchepa kwa kufinya;
- kulimbana ndi magazi amitsempha yaying'ono;
- matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya njira;
- onjezerani chitetezo chokwanira;
- kuchepa kwa thupi lawo siligwirizana;
- matenda a kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- kuchepa kwa mawonekedwe a tachycardia.
Popeza rutin imapereka kwambiri kuchokera ku chithandizo, ndipo imasungunuka mu mowa, ma tinctures a mowa amapezeka nthawi zambiri mumafakisi. Atengereni madontho ochepa mkati. Chithandizo choterechi chimathandizira kulimbitsa thupi, kukhazikitsa mtima pansi komanso kuthana ndi matenda ena. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito zakunja, ma lotion ndi ma compress amaikidwa m'malo otupa kapena kufinya. Ubweya wa thonje wothira mu tincture umapaka dzino.
Kupititsa patsogolo kufalikira kwa magazi, sophora imakhala ndi phindu pa ubongo. Nthawi zambiri amakakamizidwa ndi madokotala kuti ateteze matenda a hemorrhoidal.
Ambiri amayeserera kumwa mankhwala ndi Japan Sophora paokha, koma ndibwino kukambirana kaye ndi dokotala wanu. Kupatula apo, mankhwala aliwonse ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika atha kuvulaza. Popeza mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu mankhwala azachipatala, dokotala amapereka malangizo othandiza pa regimen ndi zomwe akuyembekeza.
Contraindication, mavuto
Sophora alibe chilichonse chotsutsana. Koma anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu pazomera ayenera kuyamba kusamala kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a khungu la ziwengo amachedwa nthawi. Ndiye kuti, zidzolo zimawonekera patatha masiku angapo kapena masabata atayamba kuyang'anira.
Akatswiri ena amati sophora ndi poizoni. Komabe, ngati mankhwalawo amawonekera, kuvulaza kulibe. Komabe, chithandizo sichikulimbikitsidwa kwa omwe ali ndi mavuto omwe ali ndi matendawa, amayi oyamwitsa komanso amayi apakati (makamaka oyamba kukonzekera) ndi ana osakwana zaka 3.
Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa zimaphatikizira kutsekula m'mimba, kusanza, nseru, kugona ndi kupweteka m'mimba. Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za kuwonongeka kwa thanzi, ndikofunikira kusiya mwachangu kupita kuchipatala.
