Muzu wakuda ndi udzu wambiri kapena wosatha wa banja la Borachnikov. Chifukwa chokongoletsa pang'ono mitundu ina, imakhala ngati udzu wamba, womwe umapezeka pamalo opanda anthu ambiri, msewu ndi minda. Chomera chimadziwikanso ndi mayina a "khungu khungu", "sopo wamphaka", "cynoglossum", "burdock", "belena wofiira", "muzu wa galu". Mizu yakuda idaganizika ngati chomera chothandiza. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala wowerengeka komanso m'nyumba. Kununkhira kosasangalatsa kwa masamba ndi mapesi kumachotsa makoswe ndi tizilombo zovulaza. Mitundu yambiri yokongoletsa imatha kukongoletsa bwino mundawo, chifukwa cha blackroot muyenera kusankha malo pang'ono pamalowo.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Muzu wakuda ndi chomera chomera pachokhaza kupendekera kwa 40-100 cm. Imakutidwa ndi khungwa lakuda. Mphukira imayala kumtunda, ndikupanga njira zambiri zamakedzana, zomwe nthawi yamaluwa imakutidwa ndi masamba owala. Zimayambira ndi masamba ake zimakhala zokhala ndi mulu waufupi.
Masamba obiriwira owala ali pamitu, yomwe, chifukwa cha siliva-imvi villi, imawoneka yosalala. Pansi pa mphukira, masamba ali ndi petioles lalifupi. Lalizi kapena masamba obalalika masamba amakula masentimita 15 mpaka 20, ndipo 2-5 cm mulifupi.
Chakumapeto kwa Meyi, maluwa ang'onoang'ono amaphuka pamwamba pa mphukira. Maluwa atalika nthawi yayitali yonse. Masamba amatengedwa ndimantha. Poyamba, inflorescence wandiweyani imafupikitsidwa kwambiri, koma pang'onopang'ono imakulitsidwa ndikukula ndi corollas yatsopano. Maluwa ali ndi corolla yowala kwambiri yofiirira yakuda, buluu, yapinki, yofiirira kapena yofiirira. Chikho chotsekedwa chokhala ndi mulifupi wamtunda wa mamilimita asanu ndi awiri chimatha ndi mafupa ofewa owumbika mwamphamvu. Pambuyo kupukutira kumapeto kwa chilimwe, zipatso zimacha - mtedza wowota wokutidwa ndi spikes yambiri.
Madzi a chomera chatsopano amakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa komanso lofanana ndi mkodzo wa mbewa. Ndiwowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa mukatha kugwira ntchito m'mundamo muyenera kusamba m'manja mokwanira, komanso kupewa kulowa muzu wakuda wa nyama ndi ana.
Mitundu yazomera
Mtundu wa muzu wakuda ukuphatikiza mitundu 83 yazomera. Ena mwa iwo ndi otchuka.
Black muzu mankhwala. Zomera zotalika pafupifupi 90-100 cm ndizitali, zopindika kwambiri. Masamba otsutsana ndi lanceolate yokutidwa ndi mulu wopezeka ali paliponse kutalika kwa mphukira. M'mwezi wa June, nkhawa za mtundu wa lilac-ofiira zimafalikira kumapeto kwa mphukira. Pamakhala zofewa. Pakatikati pali peephole. Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe, komanso zachuma kuthana ndi mbewa, timadontho ndi mbewa.
Muzu wakuda ndiwosangalatsa. Chomera chokongoletsera pachaka 40-50 masentimita amtali otumphuka, tchire zowenderera. Mithunzi yobiriwira bwino ndi masamba ake imatsitsidwa ndi mulu wa imvi. Maluwa okhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi mamilimita 15 amapakidwa utoto wonyezimira ndipo amatengedwa mopsinjika, kukula inflorescence.
Muti wakuda wa Cretan. Chomera chamtunda 30-60 masentimita chimakhala ndi mphukira umodzi wokwera. Masamba osalaza mpaka 10-15 masentimita amakhala pamalo ake. Masamba opindika amtundu wakuda bii amakula pamtengowo. Kukula konse kwamakutidwa ndi foloko yofewa. Mu Ogasiti, maluwa ang'onoang'ono adachita maluwa ozungulira. Maluwa a maluwa achichepere amapaka utoto, ndiye amatembenukira buluu kapena pinki, ndipo pambuyo pake amatembenukira utoto wofiirira.
Muzu wakuda waku Germany. Chomera chobiriwira chowoneka bwino chimakutidwa ndi mulu wopepuka. Masamba a Lanceolate amapezeka kutalika konse kwa tsinde. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono a Lilac-pinki amaphuka pamwamba pa mphukira mu Julayi.
Kukula
Kunyumba, muzu wakuda umamera kuchokera ku mbewu. Iwo amatengedwa kuchokera ku mbewu chaka choyamba kapena chachiwiri cha moyo. Kucha, nthanga zodontha zimaterera pansi ndikumatira zovala. Zomera sizimagwira bwino kwambiri chisanu, nthangala zimafesedwa nthawi yomweyo. Mbewu zimachitika mu yophukira mpaka kuya kwa masentimita 2-3. Ngati ndi kotheka, dziko lapansi limasungunuka nthawi ndi nthawi.
Chapakatikati, mphukira yoyamba yakuda imayamba mu mtundu wa masamba a masamba oyambira. Ngati ndi kotheka, mbewu zitha kuziika ndi mtanda waukulu. Kuti muzutse bwino mmera, "Kornevin" ndi "Ammonium nitrate" amawonjezedwa pa dzenje lobzala.
Malamulo Osamalira
Muzu wakuda umakhala wopanda tanthauzo. Ngakhale masiku otentha kwambiri, amafunika kuthirira osowa. Zomera sizigwirizana ndi chisanu ndi chilala, koma zimakonda kuwala kowala. Amabzalidwe m'malo opanda dothi labwino. Muzu wakuda sulekerera dothi la acidic. Amafuna dziko lapansi osalowerera kapena zamchere. Pa izi, laimu ikulimbikitsidwa kuti iwonjezedwe pansi. Asanabzalidwe, dothi anakumbidwa, ma dothi akuluakulu am'mbali amawonongeka.
Chomera sichimawopa kusintha kwadzidzidzi mu kutentha ndi kukonzekera, komabe, ndikulimbikitsidwa kumangiriza kukula kwambiri kuti asawonongeke.
Tsinoglossum imalekerera chilala kuposa kusefukira nthaka. Sichithirira madzi, osapitirira kamodzi pa sabata posagwa mvula yachilengedwe. Kuthirira nthawi ya maluwa ndikofunikira kwambiri. Popanda icho, kuchuluka kwa masamba kudzachepa kwambiri.
Blackroot amadyetsedwa kuchokera chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Ndikokwanira kuwonjezera yankho la feteleza wachilengedwe kapena michere m'nthaka yophukira komanso koyambirira kwa chilimwe.
Tchire lakuda ndilabwino ndipo silifuna kudulira. Chomera chimadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa inflorescence. Ndiye kuti, tsinde pang'onopang'ono limakula kuchokera kumtunda ndipo masamba atsopano amawonekera mkati mwake.
Blackroot samadwala matenda a parasite komanso matenda a chomera. Kuphatikiza apo, nayenso ndi mankhwala othandiza kupha tizilombo (kuthamangitsa udzudzu, njenjete, tizilomboti ndi tizirombo tina), osati kuchokera kwa iye yekha, komanso kwa anthu onse okhala m'mundamo.
Mizu yakuda
Ngati muzu wakuda utakula m'mundawo, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwa mbewa kuchokera ku mbewa, makoswe ndi timadontho tambiri kudzachepetsedwa kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti masamba ndi mizu ya m'munda sadzaonongeka. Nyama izi sizilekerera fungo losakanikirana lamadzi a chomera. Mwanjira yake yatsopano, ndiyosasangalatsanso anthu, koma udzu wouma suununkhira anthu.
Mphukira ndi mizu ya cynoglossum zimayikidwa muzipinda zapansi, zotchingira ndi zipinda zina. Chinyengo chochokera ku chomera chimatha kuwonjezeredwa ndi thonje la makoma. M'nyengo yozizira, udzu wouma umabalalika pafupi ndi mitengo yamaluwa kuti uteteze makungwa ake ku makoswe. Kuti tipewe timadontho, mbewu zimathiridwa m'maenje.
Nyama zimayesetsa kupewa kubera blackroot. Ngati mukuyenera kulumikizana naye mwachindunji, imfa imachitika patangopita mphindi zochepa. Kusintha kwa ma alkaloids kumakhala ndi mphamvu yodwalitsa.
Mankhwala
Mtsitsi wakuda umakhala ndi mainsins, mafuta ofunikira, ma alkaloids, coumarins, utoto ndi ma tannins. Monga mankhwala aiwisi, ma rhizomes ndi mphukira amatuta. Kukonzekera kwa Blackroot kumakhala ndi antibacterial, sedative, anti-yotupa, zopeka ndi ma analgesic.
Mafuta ndi mafuta odzola amathandizira kuchotsa kuyaka, kupweteka pakhungu ndi zithupsa. Ndi kukhumudwa kapena kutupa kwamatumbo, komanso khansa ya m'mimba, tengani zakumwa zoledzeretsa ndi zakumwa zina. Kuchokera pamisuzi mumakhala malo osamba akumapweteketsa mafupa ndi mafupa.
M'mapangidwe
Mabatire okongoletsa akuda muzu wakuda ndi oyenera kukongoletsa mabedi amaluwa, zokongoletsa zosakanikirana, ndipo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'minda yowala pakati pa udzu. Chomera chimatha kubzala osati potseguka, komanso m'mbale zomwe zili pa khonde kapena poyambira. M'mundamo, oyandikana nawo abwino m'munda wamaluwa wamaluwa ndi verbena, aster, matthiola, snapdragon ndi coneflower. Ma inflorescence ofiirira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga maluwa. Mu vase, muzu wakuda udzaimilira milungu yopitilira iwiri.
