Lilac ndi shrub ya maluwa ndi masango obiriwira a maluwa osakhwima, osangalatsa kwambiri. Chomerachi chimatha kudulira, chomwe chimakulolani kukongoletsa malo ndi mitundu yokongoletsa yokha, ndi magulu, komanso ngakhale mipanda.
Kumene angabzala lilac
Mkhalidwe wabwino kwambiri wa mailali ndi awa: malo okongola; Nthaka imakonzedwa, ndi madzi abwino ndi zizindikiro za acidity, pafupi ndi ndale; ndime ya pansi pamtunda mamita limodzi ndi theka kuchokera pamwamba; kuwala kwa dzuwa tsiku lonse; malo osungirako zojambula. Lilac siimakula m'madera otsetsereka kapena kawirikawiri. Pazochitikazi, ngati palibe chotheka china, chimabzalidwa pamapiri atakwera pamtsinje motsogoleredwa ndi chitsanzo cha alpine.
Nthaka yobiriwira musanadzale iyenera kuchitiridwa ndi laimu kapena ufa wa dolomite. Lilac amalekerera mthunzi wa tsankho, ndipo mumthunzi umalephera, umachepetsa kukula ndi kukula, umamasula bwino komanso osati mochuluka. Koma pa malo owunikira - ndi shrub yowala ndi yobiriwira amadyera, amphamvu mphukira ndi ambiri inflorescences.
M'madera otseguka, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, lilac limatentha, lomwe limakhudza maluwa. Sankhani kubzala malo ozizira a dzuwa, otetezedwa ndi mphepo, mwachitsanzo, pakati pa zomera zazitali zosatha.
Nthawi komanso momwe mungabzalitsire lilac
Lilac amavomerezedwa bwino, zonse zomwe zimafunikira ndikutsatira zokhumba, malo obzala bwino ndi kusamala.
Mukudziwa? Panthawi ina, mbuzi yakale ya Chigriki-monga mulungu Pan, ikuwotchedwa ndi nymph Siringe. Mkazi wokongola, wochita mantha, anathawa popanda kuyankha kwa chifundo cha Pan. Akuthawa kuchokera ku Pan, yemwe anali kum'thamangitsa, Syringa anaima pamtsinje womwe unatseka njira yake. Iye anapempha thandizo la mulungu wa mtsinjewo, ndipo anasandulika kukhala chitsamba chobiriwira ndi maluwa owala a lilac. Kuyambira apo, lilac amatchedwa dzina la nymph yokongola.
Nthawi yoyenera yobzala zitsamba
Nthawi yabwino yolima lilac ndi August-September. Panthawi imeneyi, mbande zimakhala ndi mizu mpaka chisanu. Bzalani chomera madzulo kapena tsiku lamdima. Zitha kuchitika kumapeto kwa masika asanayambe kuwuka kwa impso. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kukonzekera nthaka yobzala.
Momwe mungasankhire chodzala
Yankho la funsoli: momwe angasungunule lilac pa chiwembucho, amayamba ndi kusankha kwa mbeu. Maluwa a mtundu wa lilac ayenera kukhala ndi masamba obiriwira, mizu yolimba bwino ndi mizu yoonda kwambiri.
Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yopangira sapling ndi zaka 2-3, chomeracho chikhoza kumtengedwera ndi kukhala ndi mizu yake, ndipo kukula kwa sapling kumachokera ku 50 mpaka 70 cm, kukula kwa muzu lobe ndi pafupifupi 30 cm. Mitengo yotere imalolera kuika mosavuta ndi kuphuka mosavuta, mizu yawo imakhala yovuta kwambiri. Taganizirani izi mtsogolomu mukamakumba mbande zanu: mizu siingakhoze kuonongeka, mmerawo umakumba ndi clod ya dziko lapansi.
Lilac chodzala chitsanzo
Mukamabzala, poyamba, kuthana ndi dzenje la mmera: mu nthaka yachonde, kuya kwa dzenje kuli kofanana ndi kutalika kwa mizu (mpaka 30 cm), pa dothi losauka, dzenje liri ndi kukula kwa mita pa mita. Ikani madzi pansi pa dzenje (zidutswa za njerwa, miyala yaikulu), manyowa ndi dothi losakaniza ndi humus (15 kg), phulusa (200 g), superphosphate (30 g).
Komanso, mtunda wa pakati pa tchire umadalira mtundu wa kubwera. Ngati mukukonzekera kukwera komodzi, pangani mtunda wa mamita 2, gulu limodzi - theka, ndi kukwera mtunda wa mita imodzi ndilololedwa.
Bzalani chitsamba, yongolani mizu, kusiya mzuwo muzu, ngati simukufuna kukula kwa mizu kukula, 2 cm pamwamba pa nthaka. Ngati mukufuna kupanga kufalitsa - mosiyana, kukulitsa mutu wa mizu. Pewani nyemba ndi nthaka, yikani kuzungulira thunthu ndikutsanulira. Pambuyo pa nthaka imatenga madzi, mulch ndi peat kapena zinthu zina.
Momwe mungadyetse ndi lilac
Ngati mutabzala nthaka munali bwino feteleza, feteleza muzaka zoyamba ziwiri sizimafunika. Komanso, kuti apange kukula, pamwamba pa kuvala kwa lilac kumachitika m'chaka ndi nayitrogeni mankhwala, kwa bwino maluwa - ndi phosphate. Pakatha zaka ziwiri amadyetsa feteleza fetereza atatha maluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Mavitamini a feteleza amatsutsana mu gawo lachiwiri la nyengo yokula. Simungathe kuidya ndi nitrojeni: lilac imafalikira kwambiri, zimakula zambiri zomwe ziribe nthawi yowonjezera ndi kuzizira pang'ono m'nyengo yozizira.Musagwiritse ntchito nkhanza za organic nitrogen fetereza kwa lilac m'chaka: manyowa, zitosi za nkhuku - izi zidzakhudzanso maluwa. Kuthirira madzi owala kunkafunika chaka choyamba mutabzala kuti mupulumuke. Zitsamba zazikulu zimathiriridwa pokhapokha panthawi youma.
Malamulo a kudula lilac, kaya adule
Pofuna kuti tchire tikhale tcheru komanso zokongola, kudulira mitengo yamatengo n'kofunika. Pamene ikufalikira, lilac pang'ono amataya pempho lake. Mwachirengedwe, chitsamba chimamera kukula mofulumira ndipo chimangokhala pang'ono: kumbali zonse, kukulitsa mwamphamvu.
Pamene lilac kudulira ikufunika
Nthawi yoyenera - nyengo isanayambe kayendedwe ka juisi pamthambi - ndikumayambiriro kwa masika. M'nyengo yotentha, mphukira zokhazokha kapena zopanda ntchito zimachotsedwa. Nthawi yoyenera kutulutsa lilac, uzani kalendala: m'chilimwe, zotsatira za kudulira zingagwiritsidwe ntchito monga cuttings kapena grafts. Pambuyo pa maluwa, masamba oumawo achotsedwa mosamala, musawononge masamba. Zipatso zouma ndi zouma zingachotsedwe kuthengo nthawi yonse ya chitukuko - maluwa. Mitengo yosonkhanitsidwa imatsukidwa, makamaka kuchokera ku kukula kwamtchire.
Chenjerani! Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tipange tchire la lilac m'dzinja - m'nyengo yozizira, nthambi yomwe imachiza kuchidula idzaundana.
Momwe mungayang'anire molondola
Kupanga chitsamba "pansi pa chilengedwe" chidzawoneka bwino chotsutsana ndi chikhalidwe cha rustic m'munda. Kuti apange korona yotere, pangani maziko. Chitsamba chimapangidwa kuchokera ku nthambi 3 mpaka 4, kuchotsa mu chaka choyamba zonse zowola komanso zolowera nthambi. Ngati 2 ofanana ndi nthambi zachitukuko zimakhazikitsidwa, zomwe zimamera pang'onopang'ono, imodzi mwa iwo, yofooka, imachotsedwa. Nthambi za m'munsizi zimachepetsedwa ndi theka la kutalika, kusiya masamba omwe amayang'ana ku kukula kwa nthambi zamtsogolo.
M'chaka chachiwiri, nthambi zonse zomwe zimakula m'kati mwa chitsamba zimadulidwa, mphukira zapachaka zimadulidwa ku masamba, kumene mphukira zomwe zimapanga mawonekedwe zidzakula. Ntchito yaikulu chaka chino ndikulumikiza korona, yopanda void komanso yosokoneza. Izi zikadzatha, kuchepetsa kuyimitsa. Kenaka, muyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe, nthawi zina kuchotsa kapena kuphuka mkati mwa nthambi, mphukira zosafunika.
Ngati pali tchire zambiri, kupangika kungakhale kosavuta. Zaka zingapo zoyambirira kuti chitsamba chikulire momasuka, ndikudula onse ofooka, kusokonezana wina ndi mzake akuchoka, kusiya mphamvu. Pambuyo maluwa, mungathe kufupikitsa nthambi kuti aliyense aziwoneka chimodzimodzi.
Kupanga lilac mu mawonekedwe a mtengo - thunthu - chitsamba chaka ndi chaka chifupikitsidwa pa kutalika kwa thunthu, kusiya masamba 3-4. Kuwombera kumene kumakula kuchokera ku masambawa kumapanga ngati chitsamba, kuyika maziko a korona. Kenaka muyenera kudula mphukira zonse pamtunda wa thunthu ndikupukuta korona.
Lilac kubereka
Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira lilac. Awamvetsetsa, alimi aliyense amasankha yekha kukhala woyenera.
Zosangalatsa Elizabeth I Tudor, Mfumukazi ya England ndi Ireland, anasangalala ndi mphatso ya mfumu ya Austria. Mtsogoleri wina wa ku Austria anabweretsa chitsamba chofiira ku Istanbul. Lilac wakhala mmodzi wa maluwa omwe amakonda mfumukazi.
Mbewu
Kusonkhanitsa mbewu kumachitika kumapeto kwa autumn mu nyengo yamvula, kotero kuti mbewu zisamangidwe mwangozi. Mbeu zambewu zimayidwa masiku angapo, gwedezani mbewuzo, kuchotsa zinyalala.
Mbewu ziyenera kuzimitsidwa: kuthira mu mchenga wouma, kugona mu chidebe ndi mabowo pansi ndi kutumiza miyezi iwiri m'chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa 0 mpaka 5 madigiri Celsius. Mu March, amafesedwa m'bokosi lokhala ndi nthaka yotentha (popewera matenda). Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mphukira imaonekera patapita masiku 10 kapena miyezi 2-3.
Pamene masamba awiriwa amapangidwa, amamera mabokosi omwe ali pamtunda wa masentimita atatu. Iwo amabzalidwa poyera mwezi wa May. Mukhoza kubzala pansi pa chisanu cha chisanu. Mbewu imayikidwa 1.5 masentimita mu nthaka, ndipo kumapeto amatha kulowa mabokosi ndikukula.
Cuttings
Mbewu za Lilac ndi mphukira za lignified sizibala zipatso, koma m'malo mwa malamulo. Ganizirani kuswana mphukira zobiriwira. Kololani cuttings kumayambiriro kwa maluwa. Phesi iyenera kukhala 1 internodes ndi 2 masamba. Mdulidwe wapansi wachitidwa, kuchoka 1 masentimita kuchokera ku Mphukira, masamba achotsedwa. Kuti bwino rooting asanadzalemo, azichitira ndi kukula stimulator. Bzalani kuya kuya 1 masentimita.
Kuberekera kwa lilac cuttings m'chaka ndi kotheka kunyumba: rooting ikhoza kupangidwa mu chidebe ndi chivindikiro choonekera. Pochita izi, konzekerani nthaka yathanzi ndi mchenga wambiri. Kutentha kumayenera kusungidwa mkati mwa madigiri 25-28. Tsiku lililonse perekani ziphuphu kuchokera ku sprayer ndi madzi. Patatha mwezi umodzi, mizu imapangidwa, ndipo kugwa mukhoza kugwa pansi pansi, kuteteza ku kuzizira.
Muzu umatuluka
Mbande zoyamba zimasiyanitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa June, mphukira isanaphuke. Musanalekanitse, nthaka yomwe ili pafupi ndi chitsamba chopereka chitsimikizo iyenera kuyambitsidwa. Popeza mizu ikadali yofooka, yesetsani ndondomekoyi pa tsiku lofikira kwambiri kuti asawume. Kutalika kwa mizu iyenera kukhala 3-5 masentimita. Pansi pa chotola bokosi, ikani yonyowa mchenga kapena peat, chomera mbande pamenepo ndikuwaza madzi. Kenaka pitani mu ozizira ozizira patali mtunda wa masentimita asanu.
Masiku 7 oyambirira zomera zimakhala pansi pa filimuyi ndipo zimapopera kawiri pa tsiku. Kenaka filimuyo imachotsedwa, ndipo kuthirira kumakhala kofunika. Nthawi yabwino yokula ndi nthawi ziwiri zokula. Ndiye tchire zimabzalidwa m'malo osatha. Chisamaliro ndi kusunga nthaka chinyezi ndi zochepa ngati kuli kofunikira. Nthaka pristvolnyh mabwalo mulch.
Maluwa a maluwa oterewa amayamba zaka 5-7. Ngakhale kumapeto kwa maluwa, njira yoberekerayi imapereka moyo wautali wautali.
Inoculation
Pali njira zingapo za katemera, tiyeni tiyankhule za anthu ambiri.
Kuwongolera ndi njira yomwe minofu yothandizira ndi katundu ali pafupi kwambiri. Zogulitsa ndi scion mphukira ziyenera kukhala zofanana. Kuphatikizana kumachitika pa khola lazu mu tsinde pa msinkhu wosankhidwa ndi mu korona. Nthambi iliyonse ya mafupa imalumikizidwa padera. Pogwiritsa ntchito bwino miyezi 2.5 scion imakula palimodzi.
Kuphatikizana ndi kophweka, kapena kudula oblique kumachitika pamaso pa kuyambira kwa kuyamwa kutuluka. Kudula kumadulidwa pa ngodya ya madigiri 45 mpaka 2 cm m'litali, kudula katundu. Mzerewu unakanikizidwa ku chitsa ndi mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Kusinthidwa kwa Chingerezi. Zigawozi zimapangidwa pa mphambu ya madigiri 45 mpaka ku longitudinal axis of nthambi. Kuonjezera gawo la kukhudzana ndi kugwirizanitsa scion ndi katundu pafupi ndi mwamphamvu, kudula kotenga nthawi kumapangidwa m'magawo awiriwo.
Katemera wodalirika umadalira nyengo. M'nyengo yozizira yomwe ili ndi kuchepa kwa mpweya rootstocks amamwe madzi masiku angapo asanakhale inoculation. Zomera zotsatiridwa ndi kuphatikizidwa zimasowa nthawi zambiri kumasula ndi kuthirira, kukulitsa. Graft baka, kufika pa kukula, ndi zofunika kumangirira ku zingwe. Kusamalidwa bwino ndi kusamala kwa malava kudzadza malo anu ndi zonunkhira zosavuta komanso zobiriwira zofiirira kapena zoyera.
