Tsuga ndi chomera chobiriwira nthawi zonse kuchokera kubanja la Pine. Ndizofala ku North America ndi Far East. Mitundu Tsugi siyambiri. Ili ndi mitengo yayitali komanso yocheperako. Olima m'nyumba sakonda kubzala tsugu pa ziwembu zawo. Ndipo amachita izi pachabe. Mtengo womwe umakula pang'onopang'ono umapangidwa ndi masamba obiriwira omwe nthawi zambiri amapitilira mitengo ya spruce ndi mitengo ya payini mokongola. Kusamalira Tsuga ndikosavuta, ingotsatira malamulo osavuta.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Tsuga m'chilengedwe limakula ngati mtengo waukulu. Kutalika kwake ndi 20-65 m. korona wa mbewuyo ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana kapena ovoid. Mitengo yakale pang'onopang'ono imalephera. Mphukira zoonda zosasunthika zimakutidwa ndi imvi kapena bulauni la scaly bark. Ndi zaka, ming'alu yakuya ndi makina akuwonekera pa iyo. Nthambi zachigoba zolimba zimasunthika, ndipo nthambi za mbali zopyapyala zimawerama. Pa iwo, kufupikitsika mphukira kumayamba, ndikupanga chivundikiro chobiriwira chobiriwira.
Singano pa nthambi zimakhazikitsidwa m'mizere iwiri kapena radially mbali zonse. Amawoneka amodzi nthawi imodzi ndikupitilira kwa zaka zingapo. Mbale yokhala ndi lanceolate imakhala yozungulira komanso yopendekera pang'ono m'munsi, yomwe imafanana ndi petiole. Kutalika kwa singano zobiriwira zakuda sikupitirira 1.5-2 cm.
Pa mtengo umodzi, cones wamwamuna ndi wamkazi amakula. Kutalika kofewa kwamtundu wonyezimira kwamaso kumakula 2,5 cm. Amapanga kumapeto kwa nthambi. Mkati mwake muli njere zazing'ono za ovoid zamapiko ang'onoang'ono. Kutalika kwa mbewu sikupitirira 2 mm.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magulu, mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mitundu 10-18. Ku Russia, kufala kwambiri Tsuga waku Canada. Mtengo wofinya wa chisanu uwu umatalika masentimita 25. Korona wake umakhala ndi mphukira zophukira zokhala ndi singano zazing'ono zakuda zobiriwira. Pa masamba apamwamba lanceolate, mzere wopyapyala umawoneka. Mimba zokhala ndi ma 25 mpaka 25 mm zazitali zokhala ndi mabuluu a bulauni. Mitundu wamba:
- Nana Chitsamba choluka ndi mphukira yolowera nchotalika 50-80 masentimita.Ulifupi wazomera sizidutsa 160 cm.
- Pendula ndi mawonekedwe abwino a chomera chokhala ndi mitengo ikuluikulu. Imakula 3.5 m kutalika. Kufalikira kumafikira 9 m.
- Jeddeloh. Mtundu wamba wamba mpaka 1.5m utali wokutidwa ndi nthambi zowala komanso masamba owala obiriwira. Makungwa ake amakhala ndi utoto wofiirira.
- Minuta. Chomera mpaka 0,5 m m'mwamba chili ndi korona wakhungu wowoneka bwino. Mphukira zazitali, zosinthika zimakutidwa ndi singano zazifupi, zazifupi. Pamwamba pa singano pali mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndipo tubules yoyera kwambiri imawoneka kuchokera pansi.
Tsuga Caroline - Mtengo wotsika kutentha pang'ono wokhala ndi korona yodziyimira. Nthambi zimakulitsidwa m'mbali mbali zonse. Makungwa pa mphukira zachinyamata amapangika utoto, koma pang'onopang'ono imayamba imvi. Singano zobiriwira zakuda kwambiri za 10mm mm pansi pake zimakutidwa ndi mikwaso yoyera. Sedentary cones ili kumapeto kwa mphukira. Kutalika kwawo ndi 3.5 cm.
Njira zolerera
Tsugu imatha kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi njira zamasamba. Mbewu zoyenera kubzala zipsa pamitengo yoposa zaka 20. Mbewu zofesedwa mumtsuko ndi dothi lotayirira. Kwa miyezi 3-4, zotengera zimasungidwa pamalo ozizira kutentha kwa 3-5 ° C. Kenako chidebe chimasinthidwa kupita pamalo owala ndi mpweya wotentha + + 15 ... + 18 ° C. Ndipo mphukira zokha zikaonekera, kutentha kumawonjezeka kufika + 19 ... + 23 ° C. Mbewu zimawonekera pang'onopang'ono komanso zopandaubwenzi, zosaposa 50% yazomera zimamera. Tsuga imakulidwa m'malo obisalamo mpaka zaka 2-3, ndipo zitatha izi amazilowetsa panja.
Tsugi ikhoza kufalitsika ndi kudula nthawi yamasika. Ndikofunikira kudula achinyamata akuwombera ndi chidendene. Kudula kwa chogwirira kumachiritsidwa ndi muzu ndikubzalidwa panthaka yopanda 60 °. Panthawi yozula, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale kutentha kwa chipinda komanso chinyezi chachikulu. Kuwala kuyenera kusinthika. Mizu yokhazikika ikhoza kusunthidwa pang'onopang'ono, imalekerera chisanu popanda chowonjezera.
Kuti tisunge ndikufalitsa zidutswa za Tsugi, zidalidwa. Monga sitoko mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Tsugu yaku Canada.
Kutenga ndi kusamalira
Kubzala Tsug yaying'ono poyera kuli bwino mu Epulo kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Mtengowu umayenera kugawa malo opanda 1-1,5 m. Malowa amafunika kusankhidwa pang'ono pang'ono, chifukwa nthawi zonse kuwala kwa dzuwa kumayambitsa mbewu.
Dothi la Tsugi liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lachonde. Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi ntcheto, nthaka yamasamba, mchenga ndi peat. Kukhalapo kwa laimu padziko lapansi ndikosayenera; kumabweretsa matenda komanso kukula. Pakubzala, amakumba dzenje lakuya masentimita 70. Kuphatikizira kwa feteleza wamamineral kumalowetsedwamo. Mtsogolomo, Tsugu amayenera kumeza feteleza mpaka zaka zitatu zokha. Kenako aphonya zida zotsata ndi singano zake zomwe zidagwa. Pofuna kuti tisawononge mizu, ikamatera imachitika.
Tsuga amakonda madzi, choncho muyenera kuthirira madzi nthawi zonse. Pansi pa mtengo wachikulire, ndowa imathiridwa sabata iliyonse. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti ufeze korona nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muwonjezere chinyezi.
Nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira kumera udzu pansi pa mtengo kuti mpweya udutse bwino kumizu. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala, kuzama kosaposa masentimita 10. Mutha kubowola dothi ndi peat kuti konkodzi kutumphuka isakhale pamtunda.
Mitengo yaying'ono siyifunira kudulira, koma mbewu zachikale zitha kupangika korona. Chitani izi m'chaka. Tsuga nthawi zambiri limalekerera njirayi.
Canadian Tsuga nyengo yotentha ilibe malo okhala, komabe, mitengo yaying'ono imaphimba dothi ndi thunthu kapena lapnik. M'nyengo yozizira, masingano amatha kusanduka ofiira kuchokera ku chisanu, koma izi sizikuwonetsa mavuto.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Tsugi amakhudzidwa ndi majeremusi monga Tsugovy moth, scythe ya pine singano, akangaude, nkhupakupa wa Tsugovoy singano. Makoswe ang'onoang'ono amathanso kuwononga mbewu. Nthawi zina amadulira pansi pa thunthu.
Ndikamasefukira pansi mobwerezabwereza, muzu mutha kukhazikika. Matendawa amayambitsa kukula kwa mtengowo ndipo pang'onopang'ono umayamba kufa.
Kugwiritsa Tsugi
Mitundu yokongoletsera ya Tsugi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino kukongoletsa mundawo. Mtengo waukulu wa piramidi wabzalidwa pakati pa udzu, mitengo yolira ndiyabwino pampanda. Zomera zazing'ono zingabzalidwe m'magulu. Masamba obiriwira obwera pansi ali ndi chithumwa chapadera. Zingwe zopachikidwa pa iwo zimakongoletsa kwambiri.
Gwiritsani ntchito Tsugu mankhwala. Makungwa ake ali ndi ma tannins. Kapangidwe kamakola kameneka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka mabala, kuchiritsa kutupa pakhungu, komanso kuletsa kutaya magazi. Masingano ali ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa ascorbic acid ndi mafuta ofunikira. Tiyi kuchokera pamenepo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira komanso polimbana ndi matenda oyamba ndi tizilombo. Chithandizo cha boma chatsimikizira kuti Tsugi mafuta ofunikira ali ndi antibacterial, antiseptic, diuretic komanso expectorant katundu. Amapinda ndi zilonda zapakhosi kapena kutupira. Zimathandizanso kupirira ndi eczema.
