Lukhovitsy nkhaka: momwe angakulire ndi zomwe ziri zabwino

Lukhovitsky nkhaka ndi ofunika kwambiri ndi wamaluwa, chifukwa ali ndi kukoma kokoma, mawonekedwe abwino ndipo ali oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwatsopano komanso kumalongeza. Ngakhale mitundu iyi ikukula muzochitika zapadera, mungayesenso kuchita izi kunyumba. Mu nkhani tidzakambirana mmene kukonza zofunika zofunika kwa Lukhovitsky nkhaka kuti bwino kwambiri yokolola, komanso kupereka kufotokoza ake wotchuka mitundu.

Zamkatimu:

• Mphamvu ndi zofooka
• Kubzala malamulo Lukhovitsy nkhaka
• Zosamalira
• Kumalo otseguka
• Mu wowonjezera kutentha
• Kukolola

Kufotokozera ndi mitundu yabwino

Nkhuka za Lukhovitsky zimachokera ku nsomba ya Lukhovitsky, yomwe ili pafupi ndi Mtsinje wa Oka ndipo ili ndi nyengo yapadera, yomwe imakhudza kwambiri mapulani a zogulitsa. Nkhaka zimadziwika ndi yaing'ono kukula, mkulu wochuluka, ali ndi ziphuphu ndi crunch pa nthawi

Onani mitundu yambiri ya nkhaka: "Masha f1", "Wopikisana", "Zozulya", "German" ndi "Courage".

Pakati pa otsiriza atumwi, Lukhivitsky nkhaka anali zambiri mitundu, koma Masiku ano otchuka kwambiri pa kulima amaonedwa ngati mitundu:

• "Vyaznikovsky" - zochepa zosiyana siyana ndi kutalika kwa nkhaka mpaka masentimita 11 ndi kulemera kwake kufika 130 g. Maonekedwewo ndi oongue-ovate, greenish lumpy, alibe chakuwa. Perekani makilogalamu 3.5 pa 1 lalikulu. m, kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi madontho otentha;
• "Murom" - kugonjetsedwa ndi powdery mildew ndi bacteriosis. Zelentsy amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 14 ndi kulemera kwa 140 g, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a ovoid, aang'ono-tubercular, opanda kuwawa. Zokolola zimakwana kufika makilogalamu 3.1 pa 1 sq. Km. m;
• "Mirinda" - sing'anga-kutalika zosiyanasiyana, ali ndi cylindrical tuberous amadyera popanda kuwawa, kufika 12 masentimita m'litali ndi kulemera 110 g. Zosiyanasiyana ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi cladosporia ndipo amadziwika ndi mwachilungamo mkulu zokolola pa lalikulu mita. M olemera makilogalamu 6.3;
• "Libella" - srednepletistoy chomera, chodziwika ndi ovary wambiri. Nkhaka cylindrical, yaing'ono-tuberous, ifike masentimita 12 m'litali ndi kulemera kwa 100 g, Kulima - mpaka 80 t / ha;
• "Zokongola" - mosiyana mitundu, yosagonjetsedwa ndi maolivi. Zelentsy ellipsoid, yaying'ono-tuberous, imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 13 ndi kulemera kwa 140 g. Zokolola, malingana ndi kukula kwa mbeu, zimakhala zolemera 5 mpaka 7 kg pa 1 sq. Km. m;
• "Solinas" - mitundu yolimba yotsutsana ndi powdery mildew ndi fodya. Zelentsy zimapangika, zimakhala ndi ma whitish tubercles, mpaka 9 cm m'litali ndi kulemera kwa 100 g. Zokolola zimakwana 100 t / ha;
• "Adamu" - Mitundu yambiri yomwe imakhala ndi wickers wochulukira kwambiri imatengedwa kuti imakhala yosagwirizana ndi powdery mildew, cladosporia ndi nkhaka. Mpanda wobiriwira wamtunda umafika masentimita 13 m'litali ndi kulemera mpaka 95 g. Zokolola ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 10 pa mita imodzi. m

Mukudziwa? Nkhaka imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa masamba akale kwambiri padziko lapansi - zaka zake ziri pafupi zaka 6,000.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Ubwino wa nkhaka Lukhovitsy:

• kukula kwakukulu ndi kutalika;
• Pa nyengo yakucha, masamba onse ali ofanana kukula, omwe ndi ophatikizapo kwambiri kumalongeza;
• Zingakhale zowonjezeka pamtunda komanso mu wowonjezera kutentha;
• Zelentsy yosalala ndi yoyera;
• chokolola chachikulu;
• Zipatso zabwino;
• kucha msanga;
• greenhouses alibe voids mkati;
• Zipatso sizizimveka;
• thupi ndi crispy ndi yowutsa mudyo;
• khalani ndi nthawi yaitali yosungirako;
• kuyenda bwino;
• pafupifupi mitundu yonse imatengedwa kuti imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ofala kwambiri a nkhaka.

Zina mwa zolephereka, ndizotheka kuzindikira kuti Lukhovitsy nkhaka kuti apeze mbewu zazikulu komanso zapamwamba kwambiri ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse azipereka chisamaliro chapadera.

Kubzala malamulo Lukhovitsy nkhaka

Kuti kukulaku kuchitike popanda mavuto ambiri, m'pofunika kulingalira malamulo odzala nkhaka za Lukhovitsy.

Nkhaka za Lukhovitsy zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mfundo yakuti amakula mu nyengo yapadera yomwe ingaperekedwe kokha kudera linalake. Iwo ali oyenera nthaka yochuluka, mkulu chinyezi ndi nthawi yaitali popanda chisanu.

Nkhaka zimakonda kuyatsa bwino, kotero muyenera kuganizira izi pamene mutabzala.

Komanso, kubzala nkhaka zomwe zimapangidwa pa nthaka yabwino, yomwe imamera bwino, chifukwa chomera chimafuna zakudya. Pochita izi, musanadzalemo mukhoza kutsanulira manyowa ovunda kapena zitowe za nkhuku.

Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga greenhouses, kumene kuli kosavuta kukonza zofunikira.

• Ndikofunika kuika udzu pansi pa wowonjezera kutentha kotero kuti ukagwa umapatsa zomera ndi kutentha kofunikira.
• Pamwamba pa udzu umatsanulira nthaka kusakaniza kokhala ndi peat, nthaka ndi humus.
• Mbewu ziyenera kutsogolo;
• Pangani mabowo osalimba pamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, bzalani mbeu ziwiri muzitsime zonse ndikuziphimba ndi nthaka pang'ono.
• Kutentha kwakukulu sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa madigiri 18.

Mukudziwa? Pali zodabwitsa nkhaka maluwa. Chipatso cha chomeracho chingakhale chachikasu, choyera komanso chofiira.

Pakukula nkhaka pamalo otseguka, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tikulitse mbande, chifukwa pofesa mnthaka, mbewu sizingalekerere kusinthasintha kwa kutentha. Kufesa mbewu za mbande ndi kofunikira mu greenhouses, kumamatira ku chigawo cha kutentha kuti chikhale chonchi.

Kubzala mbande Lukhivitsky nkhaka tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita kumayambiriro June, pamene mpweya kutentha amatha mokwanira ndipo kuthekera chisanu adzatulutsidwa. Kubzala mminda yotseguka yabwino yomwe yayamba kale kupanga masamba anayi enieni.

Kuwaza kumayenera kuchitidwa mosamala, kuti asawononge mizu.

Kubzala kumachitika pamtunda wa masentimita 50 pakati pa zitsime, zisanafike madzi.

Zosamalira

Mbali za kusamalira Lukhovets nkhaka mitundu zimadalira kukula kwa zinthu - wowonjezera kutentha kapena lotseguka pansi.

Kumalo otseguka

Poganizira kuti nkhaka mwachibadwa anabzala Lukhovitsy, m'pofunika kuyesa kusunga zomwezo pamene mutabzala lotseguka pansi.

Nkhaka zimafuna nthaka yosasunthika, chifukwa mizu ili pamwamba pa dothi ndipo imafuna bwino mpweya wabwino.

Ndikofunikira! Kutsegula malo pabedi ndi nkhaka sikuletsedwa, chifukwa mizu imavutika ndi njirayi, zomera zimachepa ndipo zimafa.

Njira yabwino yowonetsetsa kuti dziko lapansi likhale lopanda pake - nthawi yowonjezeramo zinthu zakutchire m'nthaka ndikupanga mulching.

Nkhaka ndi m'malo chinyezi wokonda zomera, choncho m'pofunika kulipira mwapadera kuthirira. Kuthirira ndi kofunika nthawi zonse pamene dothi limayamba kuuma, ndikuliletsa kuti liwume. Ndibwino kuti muzitsuka mabedi madzulo pamene kutentha kumachepa pang'ono. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera kuthirira pa fruiting, kuti zipatso zikhale ndi chinyezi chokwanira kuti apange nkhaka zapamwamba.

Ngati mutabzala musanayambe kutsanulira manyowa mu dzenje, ndiye kuti chomeracho sichisowa chovala. Ngati mankhwala osakanizidwa sanagwiritsidwe, perekani chomera ndi nayitrogeni feteleza, phosphate ndi fetashi feteleza. Njira yabwino ingakhale ammofosk (10 g pa 1 sq. M.).

Pakuti viability ndi fruiting wa nkhaka, kudyetsa iwo ndi nayitrogeni feteleza: calcium nitrate, nitrophosphate, nitroammophos ndi Azofoskoy.

Mu wowonjezera kutentha

Kumapeto kwa nyengo, kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha kumayenera kusungidwa pa 25 ° C, ngati kutentha kumatuluka pamwamba, ndiye ndikofunika kuti tizimitsa, kapena kutsegula chimango. Onetsetsani kuti kutentha sikudutsa pansi pazero usiku. Zowonjezera zowonjezera ziyenera kuchitidwa ngati kutentha sikukwera pamwamba pa 16 ° C.

Pamene zomera zakula pang'ono ndipo pali masamba atatu enieni, nkofunika kusamalira feteleza. Pachifukwachi amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito "Sudarushka". Pakudya koyambirira, muyenera kutenga theka la izi ndikuwonjezerapo supuni ziwiri za manyowa. Tsatirani malangizidwe a fetereza pa phukusi.

Ndikofunika kuthirira nthaka nthaka ikauma. Pamene wowonjezera kutentha ndi okonzeka, nkofunikira kukhazikitsa wapadera ulimi wothirira kuti izi zichitike mofanana ndi pang'onopang'ono.

Ndikofunikira! M'chaka, kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa kawirikawiri, ndipo m'chilimwe kuthirira ndi kawirikawiri. Onetsetsani kuti mumwa madzi zomera musanamwe feteleza.

Kuti zomera zikhale bwino, nthaka iyenera kukhala yosungunuka nthawi zonse, sayenera kuloledwa kuuma, komanso chinyezi chochuluka sichikanakhalanso. Choncho, penyani dothi la pamwamba pamene limayamba kuuma - kuthirani mbewuyo ndi madzi kutentha kuti muyambe kuyamwa madzi ndi mizu ya mbewu.

Kukolola

Ngati kasupe ali oyambirira ndi ofunda, ndiye kucha kwa woyamba koka wa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha kumapezeka kumayambiriro kwa May. Mutabzala chomera mutseguka, pambuyo pa mwezi ndi theka, mukhoza kuyamba kukolola nkhaka. Mwachitsanzo, mutabzala nkhaka kumayambiriro kwa June, mbewu yoyamba idzapangidwa pakati pa mwezi wa August. Ngati malamulo a kasamalidwe ka mbeu akuwonetsedwa, zokolola za nkhaka za Lukhovitsy zidzakhala zambiri mokwanira komanso zapamwamba kwambiri, koma mwa njira imodzi zimadalira maonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana.