Lychnis ndi chomera chokongola chokhazikika m'mabanja a Carnation. Kugawidwa ku North Hemisphere kuchokera ku kutentha komanso kotentha. Anthu nthawi zambiri amatcha mbewuyo "m'mawa" kapena "adonis". Amakhala ndi makatani amtundu, wokutidwa ndi maluwa, motero lichenis ndi alendo olandiridwa pabedi kapena dimba lililonse. Malamulo omusamalira sakhala ovuta, wobzala novice kapena munthu wodziwa pang'ono kusamalira mbewu zam'munda akhoza kuzidziwa bwino.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Lychnis ndi chomera chachikulu padziko lapansi, ndichipingamu chotalika 40-100 cm. Mphukira zingapo zimamera kuchokera pakumphuka kamodzi. Sakhala ndi nthambi nthawi zambiri. Kutumphuka kwa mtundu wofiirira kapena imvi wokutidwa ndi mulu waufupi, wakuda. Masamba aatali owoneka ndi mtima amapanga rosette yoyambira. Timapepala ta pubescent tosalala ndipo malekezero okhala amakhala pa tsinde.
Nthawi yamaluwa imagwera kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Pamwamba pa tsinde, pamakhala maluwa amiyala yaying'ono ya corymbose. Phata lamkati mwa corolla ndi masentimita 1.5-2. Pamapeto pa chubu chopapatiza, ma petals amatseguka kwambiri. Zitha kupaka utoto wofiira, carmine, lilac, pinki kapena zoyera. Kukondwerera kwakanthawi kutuluka pakati. Maluwa amatha kupitilira mwezi.
Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, chipatso chimacha - nati yomwe ili ndi masamba ambiri ang'ono. Mbeu iliyonse ya impso ndi ya bulauni ndipo imakhala yoyipa. Danga lake ndi pafupifupi 2 mm. Mbewu zikhale ndi mphamvu yoti zimere mpaka zaka 4.
Mitundu yotchuka ya larchis
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 30 ya mtundu wa Lychnis. Zina mwazomwe zimachitika chaka ndi chaka.
Lynchnis wavala korona. Chomera chosatha chokhala ndi masamba opindika chimafikira kutalika kwa 80-90 cm. Mphukira zaimvi zimabisika pansi pa masamba obiriwira owala. Mu khumi zapitazi za Meyi, maluwa oyamba amawoneka. Amasonkhanitsidwa mumakola amiyala a corymbose ndipo amajambulidwa mu rasipiberi, oyera kapena ofiira. Maluwa amasungidwa mpaka Okutobala. Mitundu yokongola:
- Angela Blanche - wodziwika ndi rasipiberi wamkulu kapena pinki inflorescences;
- Chilumba Chodabwitsa - maluwa ali ndi pinki pakati komanso malire oyera pamiyala.
Lychnis chalcedony. Mtundu waukulu umatha kufikira 1 mita kutalika. Zoyala, zopindika pang'ono ndizophimbidwa ndi masamba ozungulira. Zowombera ndi masamba ndizofalikira kwambiri. Mphukira zazing'ono zimasonkhanitsidwa mumakina owirira omwe amakwera pamwamba pa nsalu. Dongosolo la corolla lokhala ndi ma petals oyera kapena ofiira sapitilira 1 cm.
Lychnis kukushkin. Zosiyanasiyana zimatha kukula m'misewu komanso m'mphepete mwa madzi. Imakhala yogonjetsedwa ndi dothi lonyowa madzi. Pansi pa tsinde pali rosette wandiweyani wa masamba ozungulira, ofupikitsidwa. Pamwamba pakepo pali mphukira zambiri 20-90 cm. kumtunda kwa mapesiwo kumakhala kokhazikika ndikukongoletsa ndi pinki inflorescence. Dongosolo lililonse la maluwa limafikira masentimita anayi. Amachita maluwa kumapeto kwa Meyi. Mitundu yokongoletsa:
- Nana - mpaka 15 cm;
- Rosea Plena - wokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa a pinki;
- Alba - inflorescence yoyera imaphuka pachitsamba.
Lychnis Viskaria. Zoyala zazitali, zopendekera pang'ono zimakutidwa ndi khungubwi. Kuopa inflorescences kumakhala ndi pinki, rasipiberi kapena masamba oyera. Maluwa oyambilira amatsegulidwa mu Meyi ndipo amakhala mpaka kumapeto kwa Julayi. Mitundu ya Rosetta ndiyotchuka, imakhala ndi maluwa owoneka bwino rasipiberi.
Lychnis alpine. Mtundu wamtunduwu wosapitirira 20 cm umakhala ngati chitsamba chofalikira. Chomera chopanda tanthauzo chimapanga wandiweyani pinki inflorescence. Ntchito bwino kukongoletsa zitsamba za mapiri. Mitundu yokongoletsera "Lara" yokhala ndi maluwa angapo opepuka a pinki ndiyotchuka.
Lachynch. Zitsamba zowumbika zimakula 35 cm cm. Masamba ndi masamba opanikizika amapentedwa burgundy. Maluwa amodzi kapena mitengo yaying'ono yamaluwa imaphukira pamwamba pa mphukira. Malalanje amtundu wa lalanje amatengedwa mu corolla yolingana ndi masentimita 3. Maluwa akupitilira kuyambira kumapeto kwa June mpaka pakati pa Ogasiti. Mitundu yokongoletsera "Vesuvius" imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba otambalala mtima owoneka bwino obiriwira komanso ma inflorescence ochulukirapo.
Lychnis Haage. Ma herbaceous osatha kupindika ma dothi otambalala 40-45 masentimita. M'malo mwake, masamba obiriwira obiriwira, okhala ndi mtima wamtali ali pakatikati konse ka tsinde. Maluwa owala a lalanje ali mumitundu. Dongosolo lililonse la corolla limafika masentimita 5. Zopendekera, zosemedwa zimakutidwa mosadukiza mpaka chubu. Maluwa amatseguka kuyambira kumapeto kwa Juni.
Njira zolerera
Lychnis ikhoza kufalitsidwa m'njira zitatu zazikulu:
- Kufesa mbewu. Mbewu zimamera bwino komanso mwachangu. Ndi thandizo lawo, mutha kupeza mbewu zambiri nthawi yomweyo. Kudzilimbitsa nokha si zachilendo. Mbewu zimachitika nthawi yomweyo panja. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa Epulo - Meyi, pomwe kutentha kwatsiku ndi tsiku kumafika + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Mbewu zimagawidwa pakuya masentimita 1-1.5. Zimamera m'masabata atatu. Kuti mphukira zidawonekera mwachangu, mutha kuphimba dothi ndi filimu. Mbewu zikagula masamba 2-3, zimakwiriridwa ndikuwokedwa m'malo okhazikika. Maluwa akuyembekezeka chaka chamawa.
- Mizu yodula. M'mwezi wa June, mphukira zazing'ono zopanda masamba zimadulidwa kutalika kwa 20 cm. Zimamera mu dothi lotayirira. Mutha kukonzekera bokosi kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Pofika mwezi wa Seputembiki, zodulidwazo zikhala ndi mizu yolimba ndipo zitha kuikidwa kumalo osatha.
- Gawani chitsamba. Pa chomera cha amayi, njira zoyambira zimapangidwa chaka chilichonse. Chitsamba chikakhala chambiri, timalimbikitsidwa kuchigawa m'magawo angapo. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu Epulo-Meyi. Mtengowo wakumbidwa kwathunthu ndipo njira zake zamtsogolo zokhala ndi mpweya wake womwe umasiyanitsidwa. Zoyesererazo zimabzalidwa nthawi yatsopano kuti mizu yake isazime.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira lexis sikovuta. Komabe, kukongola kwa maluwa kumatengera malo omwe adasankhidwa.
Kuwala Ndikwabwino kutola malo otseguka, abwino. Mthunzi pang'ono umaloledwa. Ndi Dzuwa lowala lomwe maluwa amatenga nthawi yayitali komanso ochulukirapo.
Dothi. Lynchnis iyenera kubzalidwa pamtundu wopepuka, woyatsidwa bwino. Mukakonza malowa, onjezani mchenga wozungulira. Musanadzalemo, muyenera kukumba dothi ndikuthira manyowa. Pa ntchito iliyonse:
- kompositi (mpaka 10 kg);
- superphosphate (50 g);
- kalimagnesia (40 g).
Kuthirira. Lychnis salekerera kusasunthika kwa madzi m'nthaka, iyenera kuthiriridwa kokha pakakhala chilala kwanthawi yayitali. Ndikofunikanso kupopera tchire kuchokera pamwamba.
Feteleza. Lynchnis tikulimbikitsidwa kuti idyetsedwe kuti ikhale yochulukirapo komanso yayitali. Panthaka yachonde, ma mineral complexes oyendera maluwa amathandizira nthawi 2-3 pachaka. Pa dothi lakutha, kuvala pamwamba kumachitidwa pamwezi kapena pafupipafupi.
Kudulira. Kutalikitsa maluwa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba. Mukadulira, mapesi atsopano amatha kuphukira. Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, gawo lonse la mbewu liyenera kudulidwa kwathunthu.
Zisanu. Lychnis nyengo yam'madzi ilibe malo abwino okhala. Ngati nyengo yozizira ikuyembekezeka, dothi liyenera kuwazidwa ndi masamba agwa kapena nthambi za spruce. Mitundu yamitchi imafunikira pobisalirapo.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Lychnis ndi wonyentchera, amagwirizana ndi matenda komanso majeremusi. Kuchokera kuphwanya kawirikawiri sayansi yaulimi, mbewuyo ikhoza kukhudzidwa ndi kuwola kwa mizu, dzimbiri komanso tsamba. Pofuna kuteteza maluwa ku matenda, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo akathirira ndikuchepetsa nkhokwe. Pachizindikiro choyamba cha matenda, chithandizo cha fungoku chimachitika.
Tizirombo tofala kwambiri ndi masamba a masamba ndi aphid. Mankhwalawa amatha kuthandizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena njira zina zingagwiritsidwe ntchito (masamba a masamba a fodya kapena nsonga za tomato).
Kugwiritsa ntchito dimba
Lychnis wokongola adzazika mizu m'munda wamaluwa. Palibe chifukwa chake dzina lake limamasulira kuti "nyali". Amayatsa maluwa ndi maluwa ake. Kubzala kwamagulu a nyemba zabwino pakati pa udzu wobiriwira. Mitundu ina monga kuyandikira kwa madzi, motero ndioyenera kukongoletsa m'mphepete mwa dziwe. Mitundu yamtunduwu ndi yowoneka mochititsa chidwi pamapiri a kumapiri a rock, mwala wamiyala ndi malo osakanikirana. Oyandikana nawo abwino a adonis ndi mabelu, primrose, gaylardii, nyvyanik. Ngati muphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mtundu wa lichnis ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mudzakhalanso ndi maluwa okongola.
Lychnis akhoza kukhala wamkulu m'munda wokha, komanso mphika. M'chilimwe chimayikidwa kunja, ndipo nthawi yachisanu chomera chimakondwera ndi masamba obiriwira m'nyumba.
