Goryanka ndi herbaceous osatha ochokera ku banja la Barberry. Amadziwikanso kuti maluwa a epimedium kapena elven. Mtengowu umakhala m'munsi mwa mapiri a Caucasus, Turkey, Alps ndi East Asia. Chophimba chomwe chili ndi masamba okongola ndichotchuka ku Western Europe, koma m'minda ya ku Russia ndi alendo. Pokhala osati zokongoletsa za m'mundamo, komanso chomera chothandiza chamankhwala, goryanka amayenera malo olemekezeka m'munda wamaluwa. Komanso, kuphunzira chisamaliro cha iye ndikosavuta.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Goryanka ndi malo osatha okhala ndi mpweya wolimba, wokhala ndi nthambi. Kutalika kwa mphukira ndi maluwa ndi masentimita 15-75. Tchire limakula msanga, koma pang'onopang'ono limafa. Mu mtundu wa Goryanka mumakhala mitundu yobiriwira komanso yabwino. Pa mphukira zopyapyala zokutidwa ndi khungwa lofiirira lofiirira, masamba ake amakhala pafupi. Mtunda pakati pawo ndi masentimita 1-7. Masamba akamayandikira, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtambo.
Masamba obiriwira a Petioles ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka amtima, lanceolate kapena elliptical. Masamba a masamba awiri komanso atatu amakhala ndi m'mbali zosalala kapena cholowera. Nthawi zina mitsempha yofiirira imawoneka papepala lakuda.
Mwezi wa Meyi, maluwa okongola a maluwa amaluwa amaluwa pamwamba pa katani. Corollas yokhala ndi mainchesi 5-5 mm ali ndi mawonekedwe achilendo. Amakhala ndi mizere iwiri ya m'matumba, anayi m'modzi. Mitundu ina, ma spishi okhala ndi zibowolezo amapezekapo pamatchulidwewo.
Pambuyo kupukutira, ma achenes owuma amakula pa goryanka. Kukula pambewuzo kumakhala ndi michere yomwe imakopa nyerere. Ndizilombo izi zomwe zimafalitsa mbewu za goryanka pamtunda wautali.
Mitundu ya kuwawa
Mitundu Goryanka ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 50 ya mitundu mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera.
Goryanka ndi-flowered (Grandiflorum) wamkulu. Chomera chakhala maziko a mitundu yayitali ndi mitundu yokongoletsera. Imapezeka m'nkhalango zamapiri zaku Japan. Kutalika kwa nsalu yotchinga nthawi zonse ndi masentimita 20-30. Masamba ofiira amtundu wowoneka wamtima ali ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wamkuwa wobiriwira pansi. Maluwa a Lilac amasonkhanitsidwa m'mabisiketi a zidutswa 4-15. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala kusunga thanzi la amuna ndipo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "Viagra wobiriwira." Zosiyanasiyana:
- Lilacinum - amasungunula ma corollas okongola ndi miyala yoyera-yofiirira;
- Mfumukazi Yoyera - imasiyana m'maluwa akuluakulu oyera-oyera;
- Pink Queen - amanyamula inflorescence ndi masamba owala a pinki.
Goryanka ofiira. Chomera chimakhala ndi mitengo yambiri yowongoka mpaka 40 cm. Mphukira zofowoka zimatha ndi inflorescences yaying'ono. Masamba okhala ndi masentimita ofika mpaka 1.5 masentimita omwe amapezeka ndi miyala yofiira chikasu ndi mzere wokhazikika pakati.
Goryanka mivi. Chomera chimatsegulidwa posachedwa. Amakhala chotchinga kutalika kwa 25-30 masentimita. Korona wandiweyani amakhala ndi masamba ambiri owongoka, osanjika. Kumalekezero a mphukira, maluwa amatuluka timaluwa tating'ono tating'ono.
Goryanka Chinese kapena Korea. Wosakhazikika osafikira mpaka 15cm utali wokutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira monophonic. Pakatikati, maluwa akulu akulu oyera amaluwa amera pachilichonse. Zosiyanazo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kulolerana kwa mthunzi ndi chisanu, koma zimakula pang'onopang'ono.
Kukula Zinthu
Kupanga goryanka, njira ziwiri ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- kufesa mbewu;
- kugawidwa kwa chitsamba.
Kubzala mbewu kumakhala nthawi yambiri, chifukwa pamafunika magawo awiri ndikukula mbande. Choyamba, mbewu zimasungidwa kutentha kwa masabata atatu, kenako ndikuziyika mufiriji kwa mwezi umodzi, kenako njirayi imabwerezedwa. Ndipo nditatenga nthambizo kachiiri kuchokera mufiriji, zimabzalidwa mumchenga ndi dothi la peat. Mbewu zimakutidwa ndi kanema ndikusungidwa kutentha kwa + 15 ... + 20 ° C. Kuwombera kumawonekera mkati mwa masabata 1-2. Mbande zikukula mwachangu ndipo ndizoyenera kuziika m'malo otseguka kumapeto kwa Meyi. Maluwa akuyembekezeka zaka 3-4.
Chitsamba chachikulu chitha kugawidwa m'magawo angapo ndikuchiyika. Ndondomeko ikuchitika kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Ndikofunikira kukumba chomera chonse, ndichimasuleni kwina lapansi ndikudula muzu ndi mpeni m'magawo angapo. Gawoli lirilonse liyenera kukhala ndi impso zitatu. Zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa zibzalidwe m'malo atsopano, m'maenje akuya masentimita 4-6. Mbewu zimathiridwa madzi pang'ono ndikuphimbidwa ndi masamba.
Mukabzala tchire la goryanka, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale pakati pawo masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Dothi la chomera liyenera kukhala labwinobwino komanso lonyowa. Masamba omasuka, opepuka okhala ndi mandimu ambiri ndi abwino.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kusamalira goryanka ndikosavuta. Chomera chobiriwirachi chimakula bwino pamthunzi, kapena padzuwa. Mitundu yambiri imalephera kusinthasintha kwa kutentha, koma imatha kuzizira kwambiri mu chisanu.
Goryanka amalola kutentha kutentha kwa chilimwe, koma amafunika kuthirira kwambiri komanso pafupipafupi. Chomera chimakonda hydration. Ndikofunika kuthirira goryanka nthawi zambiri. Komabe, mizu yake imakhala yovunda pakamayenda madzi.
Kuti mulowetse mlengalenga bwino, mumalimbikitsidwa kuyika dothi kapena udzu pafupipafupi. M'nyengo yozizira, nthangalazi zimayamwa kompositi. Ngati chisanu champhamvu chikuyembekezeka, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imakutidwa ndi masamba ndi nthambi za spruce. Mitundu yobiriwira nthawi zonse imafunikira malo ogona. Chisanu chikasungunuka, muyenera kuchotsa masamba akale ndikuchotsa mulch. Posachedwa masamba ang'onoang'ono, okongola adzamera.
Goryanka safuna kudyetsa pafupipafupi. Ngati dothi ndi lachonde lokwanira, mutha kuchita popanda iwo. Ngati ndi kotheka, tchire limadyetsedwa ndi kompositi ndi ma mineral complexes 1-2 nthawi imodzi.
Goryanka amalimbana ndi matenda ambiri komanso majeremusi. Nthawi zambiri, mphukira zimawononga slugs ndi mbewa zam'munda. Misampha kapena zida zina zabwino zimayikiratu tizirombo.
Kuchiritsa katundu
Magawo onse a goryanka amakhala ndi ma alkaloids, saponins, sodium, glycosides ndi flavonoids. Chomera chidadziwika kalekale ngati mankhwala akumwa komanso azikhalidwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tonic, choleretic, diuretic, stimulant kapena restorative. Kwa zaka mazana angapo, kukonzekera kozikika mtima kwakhala kukugwiritsidwa ntchito:
- mankhwalawa komanso kupewa matenda achimuna;
- kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira;
- kulimbana ndi kutopa kwambiri ndi kupsinjika;
- kusintha magazi ndi kuthana ndi matenda oopsa;
- kuyeretsa thupi la poizoni pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mothandizidwa ndi kuwawa, simungathe kuthana ndi matendawa, komanso kudzipangitsanso thupi, koma mmera umapangidwa mwa azimayi panthawi yoyembekezera komanso mkaka wa m`mawere, ana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a chithokomiro.
Goryanka pakupanga mawonekedwe
Goryanka amafundira pansi mwachangu ndi kapeti wobiriwira wopitilira, chifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kuyang'ana mmundamo, komanso madera omwe ali pansi pa mitengo. M'minda yamwala, miyala yamiyala kapena makatani osakanikirana adzakopa chidwi. Chapakatikati, pakalibe mbewu zambiri zamaluwa, mkazi wokongola amakhala ndi ma inflorescence osakhwima. Oyandikana nawo abwino amakhala ndi makamu, primrose, tiarella, medunica kapena fern. Muthanso kubzala mbewu za goryanka pafupi ndi mbewu monga chimanga kapena mbewu zazing'ono za bulb.
