Clarkia ndi udzu wokongola kwambiri wapachaka wokhala ndi mitundu yachilendo komanso yosangalatsa. Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pinki mithunzi komanso maluwa ambiri, Clarkia nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "sakura." Zomera ndizabanja la Kupro. Dziko lakwawo ndi la Chile komanso gombe la Pacific ku North America. Maluwa owala, ngati kuti amawuma pansonga zowonda, amapanga zilumba zamitundu yambiri m'mundamo. Izi zidzapangadi tsambalo kukhala lokongola komanso kukopa chidwi chochuluka. Munda wamaluwa wokongola udzakhala kunyada kwa eni ake. Clarkia sikuchepa mchisamaliro, koma chifukwa cha zidule zazing'ono, maluwa ake amakhala ochulukirapo ndipo akhala nthawi yayitali.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Clarkia ndi chaka chamtunda chokhala ndi chikho cham'maso mwake. Nthambi zowonda bwino, ndiye chomeracho chimapanga chitsamba 30-90 masentimita. Mphukirayo imakutidwa ndi khungwa lofiyira ndi kufupika kwakanthawi. Masamba okhazikika, owoneka kapena petioles lalifupi, amapaka utoto wakuda. Nthawi zina mikwaso yofiyira imawoneka pansi. Pepala lamasamba limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira okhala ndi malekezero osaloledwa.
Maluwa amayamba mu Meyi-Juni, miyezi 2 mutabzala mbewu. Pamutu pa mphukira, maluwa amodzi a axial amapangidwira pamafupi ofupikira. Ali ndi mawonekedwe oyenera komanso chubu kakang'ono. Zithunzi zazing'ono zowoneka bwino za utoto wa pinki, zofiirira kapena zamtundu wamlilime zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ziphuphu zimatha kukhala ndi magulu osalala kapena osanjika. Pali masamba osavuta komanso a terry. Maluwa amatulutsa fungo lonunkhira lomwe limakopa tizilombo tambiri m'deralo.
Pambuyo pakuvunda, zipatso zimamangidwa - makapisozi ang'onoang'ono a mbewu. Amabisala njere zazing'ono ndi zokutira zofiirira. Amakhala ndi moyo zaka 2-4. Mabokosi ambewu atakhwima, zomwe zimakwiyitsa.
Mitundu ya Clarkia
Clarkia siochulukirapo. Ili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 30, koma ndi mitundu inayi yokha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pachikhalidwe. Zoweta zinaberekanso mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera. Zomera zimawoneka bwino kubzala yunifolomu, komanso mukamagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Clarkia yomwe ili ndi masamba okongola.
Clarkia ndiwachisomo. Mtengowo umatalika masentimita 90. Umakhala ndi masamba ochepa kwambiri, okhala ndi nthambi zambiri. Masamba obiriwira amdima okhala ndi mitsempha yotupa amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana komanso m'mphepete mwamizere. Maluwa amachitika kuyambira Juni mpaka Seputembara. Pamutu pa zimayambira, ma carpal inflorescence otakasuka amapangidwa. Dongosolo lililonse la corolla ndi pafupifupi masentimita 4. Mitundu yotchuka:
- Kukwana kwa nsomba ya Salmon ("Chiyero cha Salmon") - - chimatulutsa masentimita 70-90 m'mwamba wokutidwa ndi miyala ya salmon;
- Albatross - maluwa oyera ngati chipale chofewa amatuluka pachitsamba 75 cm;
- Daimondi - nsonga za mphukira zimakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu a terry a pinki yowala;
- Gloriosa - mbewuyo imakutidwa ndi maluwa ofiira osavuta okhala ndi pakati.
Clarkia ndi wokongola. Mitundu yosakanikirana sikhala yotalika masentimita 40. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira amakhala ndi m'mphepete mwamphamvu komanso mokhazikika. Maluwa onenepa amaphuka kumapeto kwa mphukira. Amapezeka mwayokha kapena m'malo ocheperako. Mitundu yochepa, yazing'ono zofewa imagawidwa m'magawo atatu ndikufanana ndi nyanga yachilendo kapena nyanga zazingwe. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa Meyi.
Clarkia Breveri. Mawonedwewo adawoneka mchaka cha 2006 chokha. Chomera mpaka 50c wamtali sichitha kuzizira. Maluwa ofota ofanana m'mimba mwake samapitirira masentimita 3. Maluwa opinki a pinki amayerekezedwa ndi maluwa a sakura.
Clarkia Terry. Pachaka izi zimapanga mphukira yolimba chifukwa cha mphukira zophukira kwambiri. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi masentimita 40-65 (90). Masamba obiriwira obiriwira ozungulira amakhala ozunguliridwa ndi maluwa apawiri okhala ndi miyala yoyera, yapinki, yofiirira ndi burgundy.
Njira Zofalitsira ndi Kutchera
Njira yabwino yofalitsira matenda a Clarkia, monga pachaka chilichonse, ndikubzala mbewu. Nyengo imakhwima pamtengo waukulu pamtengowo, ndiye kuti palibe zovuta. Mbewu zitha kufesedwa chifukwa cha mbande kapena nthawi yomweyo panthaka.
Mbande zingabzalidwe koyambirira kwa Marichi, ndiye maluwa akuyembekezeka theka lotsatira la Meyi. Kukula mbande za Clarkia, mabokosi ambiri amakonzedwa kuchokera ku mbewu. Dothi limapangidwa ndi zinthu izi:
- land sheet (mbali ziwiri);
- inavunda humus (1 gawo);
- peat (gawo 1);
- mchenga (gawo 1).
Nthaka iyenera kuzimiririka ndi tizirombo, ndikunyowetsa nthangala kwa maola angapo mu njira ya potaziyamu permanganate. Mbewu zimayandikira mpaka masentimita 1.5-2. Pamwamba umafufinya kuchokera pamfuti yopopera ndikuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu. Kumera kumatenga masiku 14, pomwepo pothawirako. Mbande zakula bwino bwino.
Mbande zimakula popanda kudumphira m'madzi mpaka kumuika poyera. Mitundu yonse ya mphaka, koma makamaka mitundu yosakanizidwa, imafa ikaikidwenso. Kuti mupewe vutoli, mutha kufesa nthangala pamapiritsi a peat. Mwakutero, rhizome sichimavulala chodzalidwa panthaka. Ndikofunikanso kuti musazitse khosi lamizu.
Chovomerezeka kubzala mbewu nthawi yomweyo panthaka. Mbande zomwe zakula pamalo amodzi zimawoneka zamphamvu ndipo zimaphuka mwachangu. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu Meyi, pamene masika frost akatha. Pamalo obzala, muyenera kukumba dothi, kuchotsa udzu ndikupanga feteleza wa mchere. Mbewu zofesedwa mpaka 1.5-5 cm ndi mtunda wa 4-5 cm.
Kulima kwakunja
Malo. Clarkia ndi mbewu yobzala komanso yopanda msanga. Amamvanso bwino dzuwa lotseguka komanso pang'ono. Komanso, saopa zojambulajambula komanso kuzizira kwakanthawi. Chomera chimakonda dothi lopepuka komanso lachonde lomwe mpweya umalowera kumizu. Inde, Clarkia amatha kuzolowera dothi lolemera, koma silimakula kwambiri.
Tikufika Popeza Clarkia ali ndi nthambi zambiri, angafunike kuonda. Mtunda pakati pa zomera zazikulu uyenera kukhala wosachepera 15c. Izi zimalola dzuwa ndi mpweya kulowa mkati mwa mphukira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti masamba ndi maluwa adzakhalabe okongola kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuthirira. Ndikwabwino kuthilira Clarkia pafupipafupi kuti ndiye kuti nthaka yapamwamba ndiyokha. Mizu ikauma, masamba ndi mphukira zimayamba kutembenukira chikaso. Kusunthika kwa madzi kumapangitsa kuti mizu izipangika. Ngati mpweya ugwera pafupipafupi m'chilimwe, mutha kuchita popanda kuthirira. Kupanda kutero, kuthirira kumachitika m'magawo ang'onoang'ono amadzi.
Chinyezi. Chomera sichofunika chinyezi chambiri. Malo omwe ali ndi dzuwa komanso ndi mpweya wabwino amasankhidwa.
Feteleza. Kuyambira pomwe amafikira, Clarkia amafunikira kudya pafupipafupi. Kawiri pamwezi, njira yothetsera feteleza wamafuta azomera maluwa iyenera kuyikiridwa. Muli zinthu zonse zofunika ndipo sizivulaza tizilombo tothandiza.
Mapangidwe a Korona. Zomera zazing'ono zazitali masentimita 10 zimatha kudina kuti tipeze zitsamba zambiri zophika. Ndikwabwino kudulira maluwa m'mene angafune, kuti mbewuyo ipitirizebe kukongoletsa. Muyenera kusankha masamba ochepa azipsa. Maluwa atamalizidwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa mphukira zotsala ndikukula dothi. Ndizotheka kwambiri kuti kudzidula kudzawonekere chaka chamawa ndipo Clarkia adzatsitsimuka popanda zoyesayesa zake kale.
Clarkia m'nyumba
Clarkia imatha kubzala osati mumsewu, komanso khonde kapena chipinda. Komabe, chomera chobiriwira chimakhala ndi kukula komanso maluwa ang'onoang'ono. Mphika wa Clarkia uyenera kuyikidwa m'malo abwino. Mutha kulima ngakhale nthawi yozizira, pogwiritsa ntchito kuwunikira kowonjezereka.
Ngati mbewu poyera idamera mochedwa ndipo idalibe nthawi yophukira, imatha kukumbidwa ndi mtanda waukulu wapadziko lapansi ndikupitilirabe kulima kunyumba. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngakhale chisamaliro chokwanira sichidzasanduliza chisakanizo. Maluwa atatha, mbevuzo zimayamba kufa.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Clarkia ndi matenda. Pokhapokha pokhwima pamalo opanda, pamadothi osefukira, mizu ndi mphukira zimakhudzidwa ndi bowa. Maonekedwe oyera ngati malo oyera. Ndikosatheka kupulumutsa mbewu zoterezi, mphukira zonse ziyenera kuwonongedwa ndipo dothi limathandizidwa ndi fangayi.
Tizilombo tambiri tambiri ta Clarkia ndi utitiri wa m'munda. Amakhala pa mbande zazing'ono ndikulepheretsa kukula kwawo. Kuchiza ndi Karbofos kapena Fufanon kumathandiza kuchotsa majeremusi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito Clarkia
Clarkia amapeza chidwi chachikulu m'magulu akulu komanso ovuta. Kenako imafanana ndi kapeti wobiriwira wokutidwa ndi maluwa onunkhira. Nthawi zambiri chomera chimabzalidwa pafupi ndi mipanda kapena m'njira. Mutha kuphatikiza mitundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'munda wamaluwa amodzi. Clarkia amawoneka bwino m'dera la asters kapena phlox, maluwa kapena conifers.
Maluwa onunkhira amakopa tizilombo topindulitsa, kotero zitsamba ndizopindulitsa. Clarkia itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga maluwa. Mabulosi amaluwa osakhwima amayimilira pakatikati pa milungu iwiri.
