Poinsettia ndi wokongola nthawi zonse wochokera ku banja la Euphorbia. Chitsamba cha ku Mexico ichi chimakopa ndi masamba owala omwe, ngati nyenyezi zazikulu, amazungulira maluwa. Zomera zimatulutsa nyengo yachisanu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphatso yokoma ya Khrisimasi. Amakhulupirira kuti poinsettia imakopa kutukuka ndikuyenda bwino mnyumbayo. Komabe, sikuti aliyense amene akuchita bwino kuti akwaniritse, pambuyo pa tchuthi "nyenyezi zambiri za Khrisimasi" zomwe zili m'totoyi. Chifukwa cha maupangiri ochepa osavuta, poinsettia amasangalatsa eni ake kwa nthawi yayitali akubwera.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Poinsettia ndi chitsamba chopepuka. Munkhalango za Mexico, kutalika kwake kumatha kufika mamilimita 3-4, koma maluwa amkati ndi ofanana. Zomera zimadyerabe mothandizidwa ndi nthangala ya fodya. Pamwamba pa dziko lapansi pali nthambi zowongoka, zophukira kwambiri.
Korona wandiweyani amakhala ndi masamba ambiri a petiole. Mphepete mwa masamba a ovoid kapena oval ndi serrate kapena yosalala, yolozera m'mphepete mwawo. Nthawi zambiri, masamba amapaka utoto wobiriwira wokhala ndi mikwendo yopepuka m'mitsempha. Kutalika kwa pepala la pepala ndi 10-15 masentimita.
Poinsettia limamasula nthawi yozizira, masana pang'ono. Amakhala 2 mpaka 6 milungu. Maluwa omwewo amakhala m'malo ang'onoang'ono ndipo amakopa chidwi chochepa. Chowoneka bwino ndi mabatani. Masamba okhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati nyenyezi amakwera pamwamba pa korona wamkulu. Mbeu za Poinsettia zimacha m'mabokosi ang'onoang'ono a mbewu. Pambuyo maluwa, masamba ndi gawo la masamba amagwa ndipo nthawi yopuma imayamba.
Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mchikhalidwe poinsettia wokongola kwambiri. Masamba ake owonda amapanga korona wozungulira. Broker amakhala ofiira achikuda ndipo amafanana ndi nyenyezi zowala. Zoweta zidabzala mitundu ingapo yokongoletsera yamitundu yolingana ndi masamba owala ambiri.
- Carousel Pink - mitsempha yobiriwira imawoneka pa mabatani a pinki;
Carousel pinki - Cortez Moto - chomera chokhala ndi masamba akulu ofiira kuzungulira maluwa;
Cortez chimoto - Jingle Bells Sonora - mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhala ndi burgundy wofiirira, mabulogu okutidwa ndi mikwaso yoyera;
Mabelu a sonora - Regina - masamba akumwamba omwe amakhala ndi kuwala kwa ndimu, mandala obiriwira amawoneka;
Regina - Whitestar - osiyanasiyana okhala ndi mabulashi oyera-oyera.
Whitestar
Malamulo Ogula
Muyenera kusankha poinsettia ndi dothi lonyowa komanso kuchuluka kwa masamba otsekedwa. Tchire zotere zimaloleza kutengera malo atsopano. Panyumba muyenera kupeza malo owala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kwa +18 ... + 22 ° C. Zokonzekera kumera ndizophatikizika. Kwa milungu itatu, amayesa kuti asavutitse poinsettia, ndiye kuti kusintha kwake kumatengedwa ngati kwathunthu. Nyenyezi ya Khrisimasi ikhoza kuikidwa kukhala dothi labwino. Mukamatsatira malamulo osavuta awa, ndiye kuti mabulangete owala a poinsettia akhala miyezi ingapo.
Kuswana
Mu chilengedwe, poinsettia amafalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Zimadzipatsa tokha mbewu zambiri ndipo sizifunikira chisamaliro chapadera. Ndikosatheka kukwaniritsa kusasitsa kwa chomera, chifukwa chake, kunyumba, kubereka poinsettia kumachitika m'njira yopanga zipatso.
Zokula kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, zodulidwa za apical zimadulidwa kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Zimabzalidwa mumbale zosakaniza ndi mchenga-peat mpaka kuya kwa masentimita 2-3 ndikusungidwa kutentha kwa + 22 ... + 26 ° C. Mizu imatenga milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Ndikofunika kuthirira mbewu nthawi zonse. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, chomera sichitha kuwoneka bwino ngati munthu wamkulu komanso sichimaphuka. Ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kutentha kwa chipinda pansi pa + 16 ° C. Pofika pakati pa nyengo yophukira, poinsettias achinyamata amazika mu miphika yosaya mpaka 20 cm mulifupi ndi dothi la akulu akulu.
Malamulo Ogulitsa
Poinsettia ndikubala zowawa, motero njirayi imachitika pokhapokha ngati pakufunika. M'mwezi wa Meyi, tchire lisanayambe, chitsamba chimachotsedwa mosamala mumphika ndikuchisunga ku chidebe chatsopano popanda kuwononga mbiya yakale. Pansi pamphika, zinthu zonyowetsera madzi ndi zosakaniza dothi zomalizidwa zimayikidwa. Iyenera kukhala ndi zotsatirazi:
- mchenga;
- peat;
- pepala lapansi.
Pambuyo poika, kuvala pamwamba kwa miyezi iwiri kuyimitsidwa, popeza dothi latsopano lili ndi michere yokwanira popanda iwo.
Maluwa poinsettia
Poinsettia nthawi zambiri imagulidwa, koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa momwe angaisamalire bwino atamaliza maluwa. Ndikofunika kukonzekera mbewuyo kuti ikhale nthawi yotsika. Pakutha kwa mwezi wa February, pomwe mabulangere amagwa, zitsinde zimayenera kudulidwa. Mphukira zosaposa 12-15 masentimita sayenera kukhala pamwamba pa nthaka. Nthawi yokhala chete, poinsettia amathiridwa madzi pokhapokha masamba atayamba kuzimiririka. Kuyambira pakati pa kasupe, mphukira ndi masamba achinyamata zimayamba kukula. Muyenera kusinthitsa duwa kumalo opepuka ndikuthirira madzi pafupipafupi.
Kukwaniritsa mawonekedwe a maluwa a tchuthi cha Chaka Chatsopano, kuyambira September poinsettias amapereka usiku wamdima komanso wautali. Tsiku lililonse madzulo, chitsamba chimakutidwa ndi zinthu zakuda za opaque kwa maola 14-15. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa Disembala, masamba amapezeka pamalangizo a nthambi. Nthawi zambiri nthawi iyi pachaka tsiku limakhala laling'ono, choncho pogona sipafunikanso. Mutha kuyika mbewuyo pawindo, koma isakhudze galasi lozizira. Masamba akaoneka, masamba obiriwira omwe amawazungulira amasintha pang'ono kukhala mitundu yowala ndipo poinsettia imawoneka bwino.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kupanga poinsettia kuwoneka wokongola komanso pachimake pafupipafupi kunyumba, wophunzitsayo adzafunika luso. Kusamalira kumaphatikizapo kusankha malo oyenera. Mbewuyo imakonda zipinda zokhala ndi kuwala kosiyanasiyana. Dzuwa lolunjika lisamayere masamba.
Kutentha kwambiri kwa mpweya ndi + 18 ... + 24 ° C. Kuzizira pansipa + 16 ° C, komanso kutentha kwambiri pamwambapa + 27 ° C, kumabweretsa matenda komanso ngakhale kufa kwa mbewu. Ndikofunika kuteteza tchire kuti lisinthe mwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi kusanja. Ngakhale kulumikizana ndi galasi lozizira lawononga thanzi lawo.
Chomera chimafuna chinyezi chachikulu, koma kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumawoneka ndi mawonekedwe oyipa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wofinya, ikani dothi lonyowa pafupi ndi mphika kapena kupopera madzi kutali ndi korona.
Munthawi yamasamba okangalika ndi maluwa, poinsettia imakhala madzi ambiri nthawi zonse. Pamwamba pokha ndiye kuti ome. Madzi a poto ayenera kuthiridwa kuti mupewe kukula kwa mizu. Kuthirira, madzi ofunda amagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa supercooling ya mizu imatsogolera kugwa kwa tsamba.
Poinsettia amadyetsedwa ndi mankhwala osakanikirana azinthu zakunyumba. Kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka masiku 10 mpaka 10. Pa maluwa ndi matalala, kuvala pamwamba kumapangidwa.
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, poinsettia samadwala matenda azomera, koma amathanso kuukira. Korona wake wobiriwira nthawi ndi nthawi amawukiridwa ndi akangaude, tizilombo tating'ono, mealybugs. Kuchokera ku tizilombo timathandizira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kapena kusamba pansi pa shawa yofunda yofunda. Ndikofunika kuchiza ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
