Cactus echinopsis ndi imodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino m'banja la Cactus lero. Mipira yake yoseketsa imaphimba mapiri a Andes ku Bolivia, Peru, Argentina ndi madera ena aku Brazil. Chochititsa chidwi ndi maluwa akuluakulu amitundu yosiyanasiyana pamiyendo yayitali. Iwo, ngati antennas, amawongoleredwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera kunyumba, echinopsis blooms nthawi zonse ndikusangalatsa eni ake ndi mitundu yowala.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Echinopsis (echinopsis) ndi nkhokwe zosatha, zomwe zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Imakhala ndi nthangala yomera bwino, yomwe imapezeka kumtunda. Tsinde silimaphimbidwa nthawi zambiri ndi njira zamagama. Paubwana, zimatenga mawonekedwe, koma pang'onopang'ono zimatambasuka. Pamwamba pa tsinde pali timiyala tating'ono tokhala yokutidwa ndi areoles. Mu areola iliyonse pamakhala timiyala tating'ono tating'ono tokhala ndi timiyala tambiri tambiri, tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala.
Maluwa a echinopsis amayamba mchaka ndipo amatha mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Munthawi imeneyi, maluwa angapo okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 15 masentimita mbali zam'mphepete mwa tsinde. Ali ndi mwendo wautali mu mawonekedwe a puliny tubular mpaka kutalika kwa 20 cm. Mitundu ya Narrow imapangidwa m'mizere ingapo ndipo imatha kujambulidwa ndi zoyera, zachikaso, pinki, lalanje ndi zofiirira. mthunzi. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri. Mumtundu, mumakhala mitundu yokhala ndi maluwa ausiku ndi masana.
Pambuyo pa maluwa pamiyendo, zipatso zazing'ono zazitali zimamangidwa. Pulogalamu yowutsa mudyo imakhala ndi mbewu zambiri zosalala ndi khungu lakuda, lonyezimira.
Mitundu ya Echinopsis
Duwa la Echinopsis lili ndi mitundu yopitilira 50. Mitundu ingapo ya hybrid yaponso idapangidwa. Kunyumba, ena okha ndi omwe adakula.
Echinopsis ndi tubular. Chomera chokhala ndi tsinde lobiriwira chakudyacho chimakutidwa ndi nthiti za 10-12. Atsikana amatha kukhala oyera, siliva kapena wakuda ndipo amakhala ndi ma spine achikasu otuwa. Maluwa okhala ndi mawonekedwe okhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka 10cm ali pa phesi lakuya masentimita 25. Ziphuphu zimapakidwa utoto woyera kapena wotuwa.
Echinopsis ndi golide. Buluu wobiriwira bwino wobiriwira wokutidwa ndi nthiti zakuya. M'mabanja a pafupipafupi, pamakhala timiniti tambiri tambiri tofika kutalika kwa 1 cm.Maluwa okhala ndi mulifupi mwake wa masentimita 4-6 pamiyendo yayitali.
Ma Echinopsis Airies. Thupi losunthika la mtundu wobiriwira wopepuka limatenga nthiti za 11-18 zothandizira. Masewerawa ali wokutidwa ndi mulu wa silvery, pomwe singano zazifupi sizituluka. Pinki yoyera kapena yopepuka yamaluwa owala bwino m'litali imafika masentimita 25. Mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umapanga njira zingapo zamtsogolo.
Echinopsis Huasha. Chomera chimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira odera. Zitha kukhala zowongoka kapena zopindika. Pa nthiti pali ma areoles angapo okhala ndi mulu wa terracotta ndi ma spines ochepa, owutali. Pamwamba pa tsindewo pali korona wamaluwa angapo pamwendo wambiri komanso wofupikitsa. Ziphuphu ndi lalanje kapena ofiira.
Echinopsis amaloza. Chomera chokhala ndi tsinde lobiriwira lakuda komanso m'mimba mwake mpaka masentimita 25. Lili ndi nthiti za 8-14 zopindika ndi mizere yakuya. Ma areps ocheperako amaphimbidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi ndi singano zoyera. Maluwa ofiira kapena ofiira ali pamtunda wa spiny 22 cm.
Echinopsis ndi wosakanizidwa. Chomera chokhala ndi tsinde lamdima chakuda chimakutidwa ndi nthiti. Spines imapezeka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono mu arelia. Pa miyendo yayitali, yopyapyala komanso yokhotakhota ndi duwa lalikulu lomwe lili ndi miyala yayikulu yoyera kapena yoyera ya pinki.
Echinopsis subdenudate (theka-maliseche). Ngakhale chomera chachikulu chimakhala ndi tsinde lalifupi la mtundu wobiriwira. Dongosolo lake ndi lalifupi ndi masentimita 12 ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 5-9. Iliyonse mwa iwo mumakhala mulifupi umodzi 2 mm kutalika. Pakatikati, maluwa oyera amatuluka pachomera ndi chubu mpaka 20 cm.
Zambiri Zofalitsa
Kubalana kwa echinopsis kumachitika ndi njira yodzala mbewu kapena mizu ya ana. Njira zake zimasiyanitsidwa mchaka. Masana amakhala owuma mu mpweya mpaka filimu yowonekera ipangidwe. Kenako muyenera kukankhira mpirawo mumchenga wonyowa ndikuwuthandizira. Zomera zimatenga masabata 1-2, kenako mbande zitha kuikidwa mosamala kumalo osatha.
Mbewu zofesedwa mu March m'mbale ndi turf ndi mchenga. Nthaka iyenera kuyamba kuwerengedwa. Mbewu zimanyowetsedwa kwa maola angapo mu manganese, ndikugawidwa panthaka yonyowa. Mbaleyo imakutidwa ndi kanema ndikusungidwa pamalo otentha (+ 18 ... + 20 ° C). Ndikofunikira kuti mpweya wabwino uzikhala pang'onopang'ono komanso nthaka. Mphukira yaubwenzi imawonekera patatha masiku 15-20.
Thirani
Pakubzala echinopsis, muyenera kusankha miphika yayitali komanso yopanda. Kuika mbewu za anthu akuluakulu kumachitika pena zaka 2-4. Dothi la cactus liyenera kukhala ndi mchenga wambiri, miyala komanso miyala ikuluikulu. Mutha kuwonjezera njerwa zosakhuta, perlite, miyala yotsalira ku kompositi ya dothi losakanizidwa.
Pakukula, ndikofunikira kusuntha mosamala kachidutswa zakale kuti zisawononge mizu ya duwa. Pakatha sabata limodzi kuchokera pakubzala, echinopsis siyikulimbikitsidwa kuti imwe madzi.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kunyumba, kusamalira echinopsis, monga cacti yambiri, ndizovuta.
Kuwala Duwa limakonda zipinda zowala ndi nthawi yayitali masana. Komabe, zimayenera kuzolowera dzuwa lotseguka pang'onopang'ono kuti zowotcha zisawonekere pakhungu. Mudzafunikiranso kutetezedwa ku dzuwa lamadzulo
Kutentha Echinopsis saopa kutentha. M'nyengo yotentha, amamva bwino kwambiri + 25 ... + 27 ° C. Kuyambira pakati pa nthawi yophukira ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambe kutsitsa kutentha kwa mpweya ndikubwera ku + 6 ... + 10 ° C. Izi zipangitsa kuti nkhadze zizipumula ndikupanga maluwa okwanira.
Chinyezi. Khuni lolimba ndi sera wokutira limateteza modzimira kuti lisatseke kwambiri, kotero duwa limamvekera bwino ngakhale ndi ma radiators. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusamba echinopsis nthawi ndi nthawi pansi pamadzi osamba kuti muchotse fumbi.
Kuthirira. Cactusyu amalolera chilala pang'ono kuposa kusefukira nthaka. Ngakhale nyengo yotentha imathiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata, kotero kuti nthaka ili ndi nthawi youma ndi theka. M'nyengo yozizira, dziko lapansi limasungunuka osatinso pamwezi.
Feteleza. Kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa, Echinopsis ipindula ndi feteleza. Njira yothetsera mavalidwe apamwamba amamineral a cacti imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwezi uliwonse pansi. M'nyengo yozizira, feteleza ayenera kuyimitsidwa, mwina tsinde limatha kuvunda.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Echinopsis amalimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Pangokhala kusefukira kwanthawi yayitali m'nthaka, kukula kwa matenda a fungal ndikotheka. Pankhaniyi, dziko lapansi liyenera kusinthidwa momwe mungathere ndi chomera, chithandizo ndi fungicide ndikuchepetsa kuthirira.
Nthawi zina, pa tsinde mumatha kuwona zingwe za akangaude kapena mealybugs. Mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndizotheka kuthana ndi vutoli mwachangu.
