Lantana ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri yosatha kuchokera ku banja la Verbena. Dziko lakutali la lanthanum ndi magawo a India, Colombia, Mexico, lero limasinthidwa bwino ku Mediterranean ndi Central Asia. Zitsamba zobiriwira masamba obiriwira zimaphuka kwambiri nthawi yonse ya chilimwe. Komanso, ozungulira inflorescence amasintha mtundu. Dzulo, lantana idakutidwa ndi maluwa oyera-achikasu, ndipo lero amasangalala ndi pinki mithunzi. Chomera ichi ndi chosazindikira komanso chikukula mwachangu, sizibweretsa mavuto kwa wamaluwa.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Lantana ndi chitsamba chophukira ndi nthambi zophukika. Nthawi yabwino, imatha kukula mpaka 3 m kutalika. Chomera chimakula msanga, chifukwa chake chimafunikira chipinda chambiri. Mitundu yamakono ya haibridi ndi yaying'ono kutalika komanso kuchepa kukula.
Mizu ya lanthanum imapangidwanso bwino. Mizu yolimba yolimba imalowera munthaka. Amafunikira mphika wakuya komanso wopaka, pokhapokha mbewuyo izasinthidwa kangapo pachaka.
Nthambi za lanthanum zimakutidwa ndi khungwa lolira labwinobwino. Pa mphukira za mitundu ina pali timabala tating'onoting'ono. Ma Leaflets pama petioles achidule amapezeka moyang'ana kapena kuzungulira. Mbale ya masamba a pubescent imakhala ndi ovoid mawonekedwe okhala ndi m'mphepete mwachowoneka ndi mano ang'ono kumbali. Kutalika kwa tsamba ndi pafupifupi masentimita 5. Itha kujambulidwa ndi utoto wowala, koma pali mitundu yokhala ndi mikwingwirima yobiriwira m'mphepete. Mafuta ofunikira okhala ndi fungo linalake amamasulidwa kudzera m'matumbo tating'ono pamtunda.
Nthawi ya maluwa imagwera pa Meyi-Seputembara. Tizilombo tambiri tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono timene timakhala tambiri tomwe timakhala tomwe timakhala tomwe timatulutsa masamba. Nthawi yamaluwa, amasintha utoto kuchokera wachikaso ndi loyera mpaka pinki kapena lofiirira. Kuphatikiza apo, masamba omwe ali ndi ma petals osiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi akhoza kukhala pa inflorescence imodzi.
Mitundu ya Lanthanum
Pafupifupi mitundu 150 yamanthanum imamera mwachilengedwe, koma awiri okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima m'nyumba.
Lantana Camara. Mtengowo umakhala ndi timiyendo tating'ono. Patsamba pali masamba obiriwira odera obiriwira pamtima kapena ozungulira. Mbali yawo yakumwambayo ndi yosalala komanso yowuma pang'ono, ndipo villi yayifupi ili pansipa. Mawonekedwe olimba a inflorescence mu axils masamba mu Meyi. Amakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a tubular. Mphukira zachikasu kapena zapinki mu mtundu, koma pamapeto pake zimasanduka zofiira kapena lalanje. Maluwa amapitilira mpaka kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Mitundu yotchuka yokongoletsera:
- Mtambo wagolide - maluwa achikasu owala;
Mtambo wagolide - Phukusi - limamasula terracotta ndi lalanje;
Paphwando - Naida - masamba oyera oyera ngati chipale;
Naida - Pink Queen - maluwa a salmon-achikasu, pang'onopang'ono kupeza mtundu wowala wa pinki.
Mfumukazi yapinki
Lantana Montevidea. Mtunduwu suwapezeka nthawi zambiri, komanso umafunidwa. Nthambi zouluka zimakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Zili zazing'ono kukula kuposa mitundu yam'mbuyomu. Mitengo yaying'ono ya corymbose inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a lilac-pinki. Maluwa amayamba mu Juni ndipo amatha kupitilira kumayambiriro kwa Okutobala.
Njira zolerera
Kubalanso kwa lanthanum kumachitika pofesa mbewu kapena mizu yodula mizu. Kubzala mbewu kumafuna khama, koma kumakupatsani mbewu zambiri nthawi imodzi. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mitundu ya zinthu zomwe zimamera pambewu sizimangoperekedwa nthawi zonse kwa ana, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuyitanitsa mbewu pamalo ogulitsira, m'malo mongisonkhanitsa nokha.
Mbewu tikulimbikitsidwa mu Novembala. M'mbuyomu, mbewuzo zimanyowetsedwa kwa maola 1.5-2 m'madzi ofunda (50-60 ° C), ndiye kuti azichizidwa ndikukula komanso pokhapokha pofesedwa mumchenga-peat. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi filimu ndikuyika malo otentha ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Kuwombera kumawonekera pambuyo pa masabata a 3-4, pambuyo pake kutentha kumayenera kutsitsidwa kukhala + 12 ... + 14 ° C. Kuti muchepetse kukula, muyenera kubwerera m'mbuyo. Zomera zokhala ndi masamba 2-3 zingabzalidwe mumaphika osiyana.
Njira yosavuta yodalirika yofalitsira ndikudula. Ndikokwanira kumapeto kwa kasupe mutatha kudulira kuti musankhe masamba odulidwa ndi masamba 4 kutalika kwa 10 cm. Muphika wokhala ndi mbande umasamutsidwira kuchipinda chowala, chotentha. Pakati pa masabata awiri mutabzala, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwaphimbe ndi film. Kenako pobisalira chimachotsedwa kwa maola ochepa, ndipo sabata itatha.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Popeza mizu yake imakula mwachangu, lantana amazidulira nthawi iliyonse kwa zaka 1-3. Izi zimachitika bwino mu theka loyamba la masika. Miphika iyenera kusankhidwa yopendekera ndi yakuya. Pansi, ikani zisa zamadzimadzi (shards, dongo lokulitsidwa, timiyala) kuti madzi ochokera kuthirira asasanduke.
Zotsatirazi ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi dothi la lanthanum:
- pepala lamtundu (zigawo 4);
- dziko la turf (magawo atatu);
- dziko la humus (1 gawo);
- mchenga wamtsinje (gawo limodzi).
Pakubzala, mbali ina ya dothi lakale lomwe limachotsedwa kuti mbewuyo ilandire michere yambiri kuchokera m'nthaka yatsopano.
Zomera zomwe zimamera
Kusamalira lanthanum yakunyumba ndikophweka. Zomera zimamera mosavuta ndipo sizifunika nyengo yapadera. Ndimakonda kwambiri kuwala kowala komanso maola ambiri masana, motero ndibwino kuyika miphika pazenera lakumwera. M'chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenga tchire kumunda, kumene amapanga unyinji wobiriwira ndi pachimake kwambiri. Crohn saopa kuyatsidwa mwachindunji ndi dzuwa, ngakhale kutentha kwambiri. Mukayika mbewuyo pamalo otetezeka, masamba amatha kuzimiririka, ndipo maluwa amatuluka ochepa.
Lantana amakonda chikondi. M'madera okhala ndi chilimwe chotentha, amamva bwino, kumangofunika kuthirira kambiri. Ngati nthawi yachisanu ikudutsa popanda chisanu, mbewuyo imatha kulimidwa panthaka. Kutentha kwambiri m'chipindacho ndi + 22 ... + 27 ° C. Kwa nthawi yozizira ndikofunikira kupereka zoziziritsa kukhosi (+ 10 ... + 12 ° C). Mitundu ina imatha kupirira kuzizira kwakanthawi kochepa kufika 2 ° C.
Palibe chifukwa chowonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya pafupi ndi lanthanum. Amamva bwino kumakomo. Komabe, nthawi zina zimafunikirabe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndikusamba masamba. Panthawi yamaluwa, sikulimbikitsidwa kupopera maluwa, izi zimapangitsa kufota kwawo kufulumira.
Kutsirira pafupipafupi ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa mbewu. Ndi kuyanika dothi pafupipafupi, masamba amayamba kuzimiririka ndikukula kumacheperachepera. Ngakhale masamba omwe amapanga amatha kugwa popanda kuphuka. M'pofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti dothi lawuma kokha kumtunda. Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala oyera komanso ofunda.
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa maluwa, lanthanum imafunikira feteleza. Amabweretsedwa m'nthaka kawiri pamwezi mu madzi osokoneza. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusinthira mavalidwe amamineral ndi organic pazomera zamkati.
Kuti tipeze chitsamba chokongola, nthawi zambiri lanthanum imafunikira kudina ndi kudulira. Izi zimalimbikitsa mapangidwe a mphukira zam'mbali. Ndi kudulira koyenera, zitheka kupanga mtengo yaying'ono kapena korona wamtengo wapamwamba, womwe nthawi yotentha imakutidwa ndi utoto wowala.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
M'chipinda chozizira komanso chonyowa, lanthanum imakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri. Ndi kuthirira kwambiri, kukula kwa mizu zowola ndikotheka. Kuti muthane ndi nkhungu, muyenera kusintha momwe duwa limakhalira ndikumasula dothi nthawi zonse. Chomera chodulidwacho chimadulidwa ndikumachiza fungus.
Masamba opatsirana nthawi ndi nthawi amagwidwa ndi tizilombo tambiri, nsabwe za m'masamba, nthomba, nthata za akangaude ndi mealybugs. Potseguka, chomera chimakhala ndi tizirombo pafupipafupi, motero mchaka tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite zodzitchinjiriza ndi Actellic kapena Aktara.
