Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato "Tolstoy F1" ndi yotchuka ndi alimi a zamasamba chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa ndi zokolola zambiri. Zipatso zake ndi zowala, zazikulu komanso zokoma kwambiri.
M'nkhani yathu tidzakhala ndikufotokozera momwe zimakhalira ndikudandaulirani momwe mungamere bwino bwino kuti mukolole zokolola zambiri.
Maonekedwe ndi kufotokozera mitundu yoyamba kucha
Matimati wa phwetekere "Tolstoy F1" - hybrid woyamba kubadwa. Amakula m'mitengo ya zomera ndi kumunda, akupereka zokolola zabwino m'magulu awiriwa.
Mukudziwa? Chiyambi cha mawu oti "phwetekere" amachokera ku "pomo d'oro" ya ku Italy ("apulo golide"). Aztecs anautcha kuti "phwetekere", yomwe mu French inasandulika kukhala "tomate" (phwetekere).
Matimati "Tolstoy" wamtali wokwanira, tchire lake limakula mpaka 130 masentimita, kupanga mapiri ambiri a zomera. Nthawi yochokera ku mphukira yoyamba mpaka kucha kwa masamba imatenga masiku 110-115. Aliyense inflorescence wa chomera amapereka maburashi awiri. Pa chitsamba china 12-13 maburashi amapangidwa, omwe amakula kuchokera ku zipatso 6 mpaka 12.
Matenda a tomato a Tolstoy amapatsa juicy, zipatso zamtundu wofiira ndi zobiriwira, zolemera zawo zimasiyanasiyana ndi 80 mpaka 120 g.Pakati pa kucha sizimasokoneza, ndipo tomato wosapsa amachotsedwa ku nthambi akhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Chitsamba chimodzi chingapereke kwa 3 makilogalamu a tomato.
Mungathe kudziwa momwe phwetekere "Tolstoy F1" ikuwoneka ngati mukuyang'ana chithunzi cha chitsamba cha chomera ichi, komanso kuti muwerenge vidiyo yothandiza:
Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi
"Tolstoy F1" wakula pogwiritsa ntchito mbande. Kufesa mbewu kumakhala mwezi wa March - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April, ndi kuziika mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena nthaka ikuchitika kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa May mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June.
Kufesa ndi kukula mbande
Mitunduyi imakonda nthaka kuchokera ku peat ndi munda wa nthaka ndi kuwonjezera mchenga wa mchenga kapena vermiculite. Mbewu ziyenera kuchepetsedwa mu njira ya peroxide kapena potassium permanganate.
Ndikofunikira! Musanafese mbewu zimalangizidwa kuti mufufuze kuti zimera. Kuti achite izi, ayenera kuikidwa mu chidebe ndi madzi amchere. Kuyang'ana mbewu zomwe zimamira pansi pambuyo pa mphindi 1-2.Mbeu yokonzeka ndi youma imafesedwa potsitsi ya peat yokhala ndi masentimita awiri (2 cm). Ndiye muyenera kuwaza madzi ambiri otetezera ndi kuphimba ndi zojambulazo. Kutentha kwabwino kumera ndi +25 ° C. Pambuyo kumera, mbande ziyenera kusunthira kumalo okongola: pawindo lawindo lakumwera, kuyang'ana dzuwa, kapena pansi pa nyali zamagetsi. Pakuti yunifolomu kukula kwa mbande miphika ndi mbande nthawi zonse ayenera kutembenuzidwa.
Kuthirira kwabwino kumalimbikitsidwa kwa zomera zazing'ono, ndipo nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa mosamala.Kufika pansi
Mukamabzala tomato pamalo otsegulira, muyenera kutenga malo otentha ndi loamy. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mukhoza kuwonjezera feteleza.
Ndikofunikira! Musanadzalemo pansi, zomera zimayenera kuumitsidwa. Kwa masabata 2-3, mbande zimaonekera poyera, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe imakhala pamsewu.
Nyamayi "Tolstoy" idabzala, kuyenda mtunda wa masentimita 30-40 pakati pa tchire ndikusiya mipiringidzo yambiri. Pofuna kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikusunga malo ofunika, tifunika kuwonjezera peat kunthaka.
Mu 4-5 masiku oyambirira mutatha kuziyika, mbande ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi pulasitiki. Mitengo imafunika madzi okwanira panthaŵi yake popanda chinyezi chokhazikika m'nthaka. Kuonjezera kutsekemera, masamba apansi ayenera kuchotsedwa pa tchire.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Matimati "Leo Tolstoy" sagwidwa ndi matenda, koma matenda ena omwe amawoneka ngati a hybrids sangathe kuwonongedwa bwino: fusarium, kuchepa kochedwa, imvi yovunda. Pofuna kuteteza, nthaka imatetezedwa ndi matenda a potaziyamu permanganate kapena sulphate yamkuwa.
Pofuna kupewa kuchepa kwa miyendo ndi miyendo yakuda, pansi pakati pa mizera imakhala ndi peat kapena udzu. Kwa matenda a fungal, sungani tchire ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate. Ngati chomera chikupezeka, chiyenera kuonongeka nthawi yomweyo kuti asatenge matenda ena onse. Kupewera koyambirira kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a phwetekere osachepera.
Matenda a Tolstoy angathe kuonongeka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: nsabwe za m'masamba, whitefly, thrips, akangaude. Kumalo otseguka, zomera zimaopsezedwa ndi Colorado kafadala ndi chimbalangondo.
Chotsani nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zidzathandiza decoction ya chitsamba chowawa kapena peyala peel. Ndi maonekedwe a slugs ndi mphutsi za kafadala, mankhwala amadzi a ammonia amathandiza. Akangaude amawonongeka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. 
Ndikofunikira! Pochita ndi mankhwala oopsa, sayenera kuloledwa kugunda padothi, maluwa ndi zipatso.
Kusamalira phwetekere wosakanizidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha
Kukula kwa mbande kumathenso kumatentha. Izi zimatulutsa malo abwino kwambiri. Zina zowonjezera zidzangomveka madzi okwanira, omwe amamera bwino nthaka. Chomeracho chimaikidwa pamalo okhalitsa pambuyo pa mapaundi awiri a masamba ndi burashi yoyamba maluwa.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
M'madera ena, kulima kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere kumaloledwa kokha mu greenhouses. Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera pansi. Sikoyenera kulima chomera m'nthaka yomwe kale idagwiritsidwa ntchito pa tsabola, biringanya kapena mbatata. Pankhaniyi, pali mwayi waukulu wa matenda a nthaka.
The mulingo woyenera wotsatiridwa wa tomato "Wopanda F1" ndi amadyera, mizu masamba ndi kabichi. Mitengo ya wowonjezera kutentha imadzazidwa ndi nthaka ya nthaka ndi kuwonjezera peat kapena utuchi, pamtingo wa ndowa zitatu pa 1 mita imodzi. m) Pambuyo pake iyenera kuwonjezeredwa feteleza mchere. 
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Nthata ya "Tolstoy" ingabzalidwe m'mizere kapena muyeso ya checkerboard, kuteteza mtunda pakati pa tchire la 50-60 masentimita. Mapangidwe a tchire amapangidwa mu 1-2 zimayambira. Masabata awiri oyambirira amafuna madzi okwanira ambiri, ndiye ayenera kuchepetsedwa. Madzi a tomato ayenera kukhala pazu, osalola chinyezi ku chomera. Kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira malire a 18 ... +30 ° С.
Mukudziwa? Tomato poyamba anabwera ku Ulaya pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1600 ndipo sanazindikiridwe kuti amadya kwa nthawi yaitali. Olima munda ankawagwiritsa ntchito ngati zomera zosangalatsa zachilendo.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti fructification ikhale yaikulu
Kuti tomato "Tolstoy" abweretse zokolola zambiri, muyenera kudziwa zina mwazomwe mukulima:
- Zosiyanazi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mfundo yakuti mwamsanga imatenga zakudya zonse m'nthaka, choncho, kamodzi pa sabata kapena awiri, tomato ayenera kudyetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zovuta mchere feteleza.
- Pofuna kuchotsa kutentha kwa dzuwa kuchokera ku chomera, kuthirira ndi feteleza ziyenera kuchitika m'mawa.
- Pankhani ya kulima phwetekere mu wowonjezera kutentha, imayenera kuyendetsedwa nthawi zonse kuti yothetsa chinyezi.
- Pansi pa nyerere yakucha, m'pofunika kubudula masamba, koma osapitirira mapepala atatu pa sabata kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi.
- Kuti musatayike mbeu, ndi bwino kuchotsa ana opeza kuchokera ku tchire.
Mkulu Wapamwamba: Zipatso Processing Nsonga
Ndi kucha kucha, zipatso zimachotsedwa masiku 4-5 onse. Mankhwala a tomato amatha kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo tomato samatchera ndi kusunga mawonekedwe okongola, okongola. Kusankha tomato opangidwa ndi kukula. Kusungirako kumachitika kumalo otsekemera mpweya.
Tomato "Tolstoy F1" amadziwika ndi transportability yabwino, yomwe imalola, popanda kutaya mtundu wa zipatso, kuti aziwanyamula kutalika.
Makhalidwe abwino amachititsa kuti izi zitheke kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa mosiyanasiyana, salting, kumalongeza, kukonzekera timadziti ndi tomato timadzinso ndikugulitsanso. Matenda ambiri a beta-carotene omwe ali mu tomato, amawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa mwana ndi zakudya.
Matimati "Tolstoy F1" adapambana kutchuka pakati pa wamaluwa a mitundu yosiyana siyana. Pogwiritsira ntchito chidziwitso ndi malangizo pa kukula ndi kusamalira chomera, sizidzakhala zovuta kuti chipatso chake chikhale chokwanira, ndi njira yakukula kukondwera.
