Ledeburia imayamikiridwa chifukwa cha masamba ake okongoletsera, omwe pang'onopang'ono amadzaza pansi poto ndikupanga chisa chobiriwira chowoneka bwino ndi mikwera yasiliva. Amakhala munkhalango zotentha za Latin America ndipo zakhala zikufalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Pakati panjira, duwa la ledeburia limamverera bwino ngati chomera.
Kufotokozera
Ledeburia ndi mbewu yosatha ya banja la Asparagus. Mizu yake imakhala ndi mawonekedwe a babu okhala ndi mizu yopyapyala yoyera. Gawo la chomera chachikulire likuyimiriridwa ndi mphukira zobiriwira zobiriwira zomwe zimakhala ndi njira zambiri zotsogola. Kutalika kwambiri kwa mtengowo ndi 20 cm.
Masamba osalala ali ndi mawonekedwe lanceolate komanso m'mphepete mozungulira. Kutalika kwa pepalalo nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi 13. 13. Pamwamba pa pepalalo papepala limakhala utoto ndipo limatha kukhala ndi mawanga ndi mikwingwirima. Masamba amapanga kontena, dongo. Zomera zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Masamba atsopano atatu okha atatu amakula chaka chilichonse.
Munthawi ya kasupe-nthawi yachilimwe, ledeburia limamasula maluwa. A inflorescence wokwera ngati mawonekedwe burashi amakhala 30-50 masamba. Mabelu ang'onoang'ono oyera kapena apinki okhala ndi mafinya osiyidwa m'mimba mwake ndi 4-6 mm.
Mitundu yazomera
Mu mtundu wa Ledeburia, pali mitundu 40 yokha, koma mitundu yocheperako yokha ndi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pachikhalidwe.
Ledeburia Cooper - yaying'ono-deciduous chomera. Maboti kutalika kwake ndi 5 cm cm zokha, ndipo m'lifupi - mpaka 5 cm. Masamba olimba ali ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso m'mphepete. Kutalika konse kwa pepalalo, mizere yofiirira yosiyanasiyana imawoneka. Kukula kwamphamvu mpaka 25 masentimita okwanira kumakhala ndi maluwa owala a pinki okhala ndi masamba otseguka komanso ma stamens amtali. Dawo lililonse la maluwa ndi 6mm okha.
Ledeburia ndi pagulu. Chomera chotalika masentimita 10 chimakhala ndi masamba opindika Masamba osalala amakhala ndi masamba amtundu wa siliva komanso obiriwira omwe amapezeka mosiyanasiyana. Kutalika kwa masamba ofunda kwambiri otambalala ndi masentimita 10. Duwa lowonda lalitali pafupifupi 25 masentimita limakwera pamwamba pa rosette.
Ledeburia Luteola. Tchire tating'ono timakhala ndi masamba owala masamba. Masamba a Lanceolate amaphimbidwa ndi madera obiriwira achikasu ndi malo obiriwira obiriwira.
Kuswana
Ledeburia wopangidwa ndi njere komanso kugawanika kwa nsalu yotchinga. Osatengera njira yomwe yasankhidwa, ndi bwino kuchita njirayi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pomwe mbewuyo ikukula mwachangu. Mukabzala mbewu, zinthu zatsopano zomwe zatulutsidwa ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mchenga wosakanikirana ndi mchenga umathiridwa m'chidebe chomwe wakonzacho, gawo lapansi limasungunuka pang'ono ndipo njere zimagawidwanso. Sakuyenera kuzamitsidwa. Pamwamba pa mbalepo amaphimbidwa ndi galasi ndikuwasamutsira kumalo otentha. Mphukira zoyambirira zimawonekera patatha milungu iwiri. Mbande zimamera pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimakonzeka kumuwongola pambuyo pa miyezi 1-2.
Ledeburia amakula mababu aakazi msanga, omwe amapanga nsalu yokongola kwambiri pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Poika mbewu, mutha kupatulira mababu mbali ndikubzala mosiyana. Ana amasiyanitsidwa ndi tsamba lakuthwa ndipo nthawi yomweyo amabzala m'nthaka yokonzeka. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusiya theka la babu pamwamba. Mphika umakutidwa ndi zojambulazo ndipo wowonjezera kutentha amawulutsa tsiku lililonse. Masamba achichepere amawonekera patatha masiku 12-16. Izi zimayimira mizu yopambana. Tsopano pogona amatha kuchotsedwa kwa maola angapo patsiku, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka.
Chisamaliro cha Ledeburia
Kusamalidwa ku Ledeburia kunyumba sikovuta. Omwe alimi ena mwakulimba kwodabwitsa amayerekeza maluwa ndi udzu. Ledeburia amafunika kuwala kwa tsiku lalitali ndi dzuwa lowala. Popanda kuyatsa, amayamba kutaya masamba amtundu wa masamba, kenako ndikuyamba kutaya masamba. Mapangidwe a maluwa amatengera kutalika kwa maola masana.
Mawindo akumadzulo kapena akummawa, komanso zipinda zokhala ndi mazenera akumwera, adzakhala malo abwino owongolera. M'chilimwe, mutha kuyika miphika pa khonde kapena m'munda. Ndikofunika kusankha malo omwe mulibe zojambula komanso kutentha kwamphamvu. M'chilimwe, boma lotentha kwambiri ndi + 21 ... + 24 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kutentha mpaka + 16 ... + 18 ° C. M'madera omwe mulibe chisanu komanso kuzizira pansipa + 8 ° C, ndikololedwa kubzala ledeburia pamalo otseguka osapeza malo pang'ono.
Pakubzala, gwiritsani ntchito dothi labwino. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito primer yogulitsa paliponse kapena kupanga zosakaniza zotsatirazi:
- dothi lamasamba (magawo awiri);
- humus (1 gawo).
Thirani ndikuchitika ndikofunikira, osaposanso kamodzi pa zaka zitatu. Mababu sangayikidwe m'nthaka. Nthawi zambiri izi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwawo ndi kufa kwa mbewu.
Muyenera kuthirira ledeburia nthawi zambiri, koma pang'ono. Kuuma kwa dongo kumaloledwa potalika kutalika, masamba a limp amachitira umboni kuti ayanika. Za kuthirira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi apampopi osamalidwa bwino. Chomera chimafuna mchere wam'madzi wopezeka m'madzi otere. Ndi kuchuluka kokwanira kwa zakudya zowonjezera sikofunikira. Ngati zili choncho, ledeburia sikumakula bwino, ndizotheka kuyambitsa gawo lazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga mchere kamodzi pamwezi pachilimwe.
Wokhala m'malo otentha chonchi samadandaula ndi mpweya wouma ndipo safunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Madzi pamasamba nawonso samayambitsa mavuto.
Ledeburia safuna kudulira, kupatula kuchotsedwa kwa masamba owuma ndi matebulo. Pambuyo pa zaka 8-10, kukongola kwa thengo kumacheperachepera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zina mubwezeretsenso mbewuyo.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Ledeburia amalimbana ndi matenda ambiri komanso majeremusi. Mavuto akulu atha kukhala okhudzana ndi chisamaliro chosayenera. Ndi kuthirira kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, matenda am'mimba amatha. Kuukira kwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi ntchentche zam zipatso ndizothekanso. Sinthani mbewuyo kuchipinda chouma ndikuchepetsa kuthirira. Zigawo zomwe zakhudzidwazo zimadulidwa, kuchulukana kumathandizidwa ndi yankho la tizilombo.
Mlengalenga ouma kwambiri, masamba abwino amatha kuthana ndi akangaude. Masamba akayamba kuuma ndikugundidwa, ndipo kambuku wooneka pang'ono samadziunjikira m'mphepete, izi zikuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa tiziromboti. Ndikofunikira kuti muzitsuka chomera pansi pa shawunda yotentha ndikuchiritsa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
