Cryptanthus ndi wokongoletsa kopambana kuchokera kubanja la Bromili. Brazil ndi kwawo, ngakhale lero linoptptanthus angagulidwe m'masitolo padziko lonse lapansi. Zomera zilibe tsinde, ndipo masamba ake osongoka amapanga kanthu kakang'ono pansi panthaka. Mwa izi, duwa nthawi zambiri limatchedwa "nyenyezi yadothi".
Kufotokozera
Cryptanthus ali ndi mpweya wolimba, wopindika. Pali tsinde lalifupi kwambiri pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, kapena litha kulibe. Mu nthawi zachilengedwe, mbewuyo imatalika masentimita 50, koma ikakula mkati mwake imakhala yotsika kwambiri. Kukula pachaka ndizochepa kwambiri.
Masamba obisika amakhala ndi masamba 4- sessile masamba. Tsamba lililonse limakhala ndi mawonekedwe lanceolate okhala ndi malekezero osaloledwa. Kutalika kwa pepalali kumatha kufika 20 cm, ndipo m'lifupi ndi masentimita 3-4. Mapulogalamu achikopa amtunduwu amakhala ndi m'mbali mwake. Udzu umatha kupakidwa utoto wobiriwira bwino, komanso umakhala ndi milozo yayitali kapena yopingasa. Timaluwa tating'ono timakhala pansi pa tsamba.
Maluwa a Cryptanthus siodabwitsa kwambiri. Amapangidwa pakatikati pa rosette ya masamba ndipo amatengedwa pang'ono ndi kwamtali kapena kwamizeremizere wozungulira. Masamba okhala ngati mabelu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi m'mphepete lakunja amapaka utoto woyera wokutidwa ndi bulangeti wobiriwira. Mtundu wonyezimira bwino umatuluka pakatikati pa duwa. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi nthawi yotentha. Masamba atafota, mabelo a mbewu zazing'ono amapangidwa ndi mbewu zazing'ono zambiri.
Mitundu ya Cryptanthus
Pali mitundu 25 ndi mitundu ingapo ya haibridi mu mtundu wa cryptanthus. Zosankha zazikulu zimapangidwa ndi obereketsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba, motero cryptanthus nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi nyenyezi yeniyeni. Tiyeni tizikhala pamitundu yotchuka kwambiri.
Cryptanthus ndiwosakhazikika. Zomera zilibe tsinde kapena kukwera pa mphukira mpaka kutalika kwa 20 cm.Lanceolate masamba 10-20 masentimita ali m'malo obisika ambiri a zidutswa za 10-15. Nthambi zake zili ndi m'mphepete mwake komanso m'mbali mwake. Masamba ndiwobiliwira. Pakatikati pake pali inflorescence ya maluwa ochepa.
Mitundu Yodziwika:
- acaulis - masamba obiriwira mbali zonse ziwiri pali kupindika pang'ono;
acaulis - argenteus - masamba glossy, minofu;
nkhwangwa - ruber - masamba ofiira kumunsi ali ndi utoto wamtundu, ndipo m'mbali mwake amaponyedwa ndi utoto wofiirira.
ruber
Cryptanthus ndi njira ziwiri. Mtengowo umapanga mtundu wokhazikika wa masamba a lanceolate kutalika kwa masentimita 7.5 mpaka 10. M'mphepete mwa masamba yokutidwa ndi ma cloves ang'onoang'ono ndi mafunde. Tsamba lililonse lobiriwira limakhala ndi timizere tating'ono tating'ono ta mthunzi wopepuka. Ma inflorescence oyera oyera amatha kupanga nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka.
Mitundu yotchuka:
- bivittatus - pakati pomwe tsamba lidapakidwa utoto wonyezimira, ndipo mikwingwirima yoyera imakhala kumapeto;
bivittatus - kuwala kwa nyenyezi ya pinki - pali mtundu wa pinki mumtundu wa masamba, womwe umakhala wowala kwambiri pafupi ndi m'mphepete;
kuwala kwa pinki - nyenyezi yofiira - masamba opakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino wa rasipiberi ndi chingwe chakuda, chobiriwira pakati.
nyenyezi yofiira
Cryptanthus striated (zonatus). Zomera ndizofala ku nkhalango zotentha za ku Brazil. Rosette wokongola amakhala ndi masamba obiriwira. Kutalika kwa pepalali ndi masentimita 8 mpaka 15. Mtundu waukulu wa mapepalawo ndiwobiliwira ndi mikwingwirima yambiri. Maluwa oyera pakatikati pa chipinda chapamwamba amafika mainchesi 3 cm.
Mu chikhalidwe, mitundu yotsatirayi ilipo:
- viridis - masamba osalala pamwamba ali pafupifupi obiriwira kwathunthu, ndipo pansi amakhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda;
viridis - fuscus - masamba adakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira;
fuscus - zebrinus - masamba okutira kwathunthu pansi ndi choyera ndi chokoleti
mavu.
zebrinus
Cryptanthus Chipanda. Yogawidwa pamapiri a ku Brazil ndikupanga chitsamba chakufikira 35c. Masamba a chikopa amatalika mpaka 40cm mpaka 5 cm. Kutalika konse kwa pepalali kusiyanitsa zingwe za siliva.
Cryptanthus bromeliad. Chipatso cha herbaceous chokhala ndi masamba opindika kwambiri (20 cm). Amapaka utoto wamkuwa, wamkuwa kapena wofiyira. Mbali yakumtunda ya tsamba ili ndi chikopa, ndipo m'munsi chimakhala chaching'ono. M'chilimwe, mbewuyo imapanga inflorescence yowoneka ngati maluwa ndi maluwa oyera.
Kuswana
Cryptanthus imafalikira pofesa mbewu ndi mizu yazomwe zimachitika pambuyo pake. Mbewu zofesedwa mutatha kutolera mumchenga ndi peat. Asanafese, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizilowetsa nthangala tsiku limodzi m'njira yofooka ya manganese. Kufesa kumachitika m'miphika yosalala ndi gawo lonyowa. Zombozo zimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi ndikusiyidwa pamalo otentha, owala. Kuwombera kumawonekera mkati mwa masiku 3-10. Mbewuzo zimapitilirabe mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa milungu iwiri yoyambirira ndikumapopera nthawi.
Ngati ma cryptanthus apanga njira zamkati (ana), amatha kudzipatula komanso kuzika mizu. Nthawi zambiri, ana amawonekera atamasulidwa. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, masamba ake 2-4 amawonekera kale ndipo mwanayo amatha kupatulidwa. Mizu yaying'ono ya mpweya imafunika kusungidwa. Kubzala kumachitika m'miphika yaying'ono ndi sphagnum moss ndikuwaphimba ndi kapu. Ngakhale kuzika kwamadzi kumachitika, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chinyezi kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pa + 26 ... + 28 ° C. Malowa akuyenera kukhala owala, koma opanda dzuwa lowongolera. Pakatha mwezi umodzi, mbewuzo zimakhala zolimba ndipo zimatha kuzolowera kukula popanda pogona.
Kusamalira mbewu
Cryptanthus ndi yoyenera kulima m'nyumba ndipo panyumba pamafunika kukonzedwa kochepa. Chomera chimakhala bwino m'chipinda chowala kapena chamtundu pang'ono. Dzuwa lowala masana limatha kuyatsa masamba. Popanda kuwala, mtundu wa masamba owongoka suwonekera. M'nyengo yozizira, zimalimbikitsidwa kuwunikira cryptanthus ndi nyali.
Kutentha kwampweya wabwino kwa chomera chachikulu ndi + 20 ... + 24 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kutentha mpaka + 15 ... + 18 ° C. Kuzizira mpaka + 10 ... + 12 ° C kumatha kuvulaza mbewu. M'chilimwe, miphika imatha kunyamulidwa pa khonde kapena m'munda, koma kukonzekera kuyenera kupewedwa.
Wokhala m'malo otentha amafunikira chinyezi chambiri. Kupanda chinyontho kumawonekera kumapeto owuma masamba. Chomera chimatha kuikidwa pafupi ndi malo am'madzi kapena akasupe ang'onoang'ono. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupopera masamba nthawi zonse. Mukutentha kwambiri, mutha kuyika ma pallet ndi timiyala tonyowa kapena dongo lokulitsa pafupi. Komanso kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa kapena samba yotentha sikopanda tanthauzo.
Cryptanthus amafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi komanso kambiri, koma madzi owonjezera ayenera kusiya potoyo nthawi yomweyo. Mbewuyi imabzalidwa mumipanda yokhala ndi mabowo akuluakulu oyikapo ngalande ndi dothi lokwanira. Pamtunda wokha ndiwomwe ungawume, apo ayi masambawo ayamba kupukuta. Cryptanthus amafunika feteleza nthawi zonse nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe. Kuvala kwapamwamba wa Bromilium kumawonjezeredwa ndi madzi kuthirira kawiri pamwezi.
Kuchulukitsa kumachitika monga momwe zimafunikira (nthawi zambiri zaka 2-4 zilizonse). Podzala, sankhani mapoto ang'onoang'ono malinga ndi kukula kwa mpweya. Dothi lingagulidwe mu malo ogulitsira (gawo laling'ono la a Bromilievs) kapena kukonzedwa palokha pazokha:
- makungwa a paini (magawo atatu);
- sphagnum moss (gawo limodzi);
- peat (gawo 1);
- land sheet (1 gawo);
- tsamba humus (magawo 0,5).
Zosanjikiza tchipisi tating'onoting'ono, dongo kapena miyala yanthonje iyenera kukhala gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwa mphikawo.
Cryptanthus amakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira ku matenda odziwika ndi majeremusi, motero safunikira chithandizo chowonjezera.
