Cotyledon ndi chomera chamuyaya cha banja la Tolstyankov. Mumtunduwu, muli mitundu pafupifupi 40 yamtundu wa mitengo yaying'ono kapena mitengo yokhala ndi masamba osapindika. Malo omwe mbewuyi idabadwira ndi ku Africa: kuchokera ku Ethiopia ndi ku Arabia Arabia kupita ku South Africa. Tchire zokongoletsera kwambiri zimawoneka zabwino mumiphika ndipo zimatha kuphimba nthaka yonse. Mitundu ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga bonsai.
Kufotokozera
Impcome ili ndi mizu yopanda michere komanso minyewa yolimba. Kutalika kwa mbewu ndi 30-70 masentimita, kukula pachaka ndizochepa. Mtundu wa timitengo, monga masamba, umasiyana kuchokera kubiriwira wobiriwira kupita pamtambo wamtambo ndi wofiyira. Zikamakula, tsinde limayamba kukhazikika ndipo limakutidwa ndi makungwa a bulauni.
Masamba amalumikizidwa ndi timitengo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri tating'onoting'ono kapena tating'onoting'ono konse. Maonekedwe a pepalalo amatha kusiyanasiyana. Zosiyanasiyana zimapezeka ndi masamba opindika atatu, ozunguliridwa, opingasa, ozungulira kapena lanceolate. Masamba ofiirira amatha kukhala owoneka bwino kapena okongola. Nthawi zina m'mphepete lakunja mumakhala ndi eyeliner osiyana. Pamaso pake pamakutidwa ndi tambiri tambiri loyera.
Nthawi yamaluwa imatenga mwezi wa March mpaka August. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono a tubular amasonkhana panicle inflorescence. Chidutswa chilichonse chimakhala ndi belu lozungulira ndipo chomwe chimakhala ndi miyala yambiri. Ziphuphu nthawi zambiri zimakhala zachikasu, zoyera kapena lalanje. Phula limamera pamwamba pa msipu wobiriwira ndi 20-30 cm.
Mitundu ya cotyledon
Ma Cotyledons ndi osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha kapena wosangalatsa kwambiri.
Kukonzanso Cotyledon. Chomera chimapanga chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba owonda, osalala. Kutalika kwa pepala limodzi kumatha kukhala masentimita 15. Mphepete lakunja lili ndi mafunde ochepa komanso malire ofiira. Masamba otambalala amaphimba pansi panthaka, ndipo chapakati pamakhala miyendo yamiyendo. Zomera zimayamba kutuluka mu Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June ndi masamba owala a pinki omwe amakhala ndi masamba ambiri.
Cotyledon yazunguliridwa. Chomera chimamera tchire lokwera mpaka 90 cm. Zimayambira chimakwirira masamba owoneka ngati timiyala tating'onoting'ono. Mtundu wa masamba osalala ndiwobiliwira, wokhala ndi malire ofiira m'mphepete. Ambulera inflorescence yokhala ndi masamba owala imapangidwa pamtunda wautali wa 30 cm.
Saxifrage Cotyledon - Chomera chotsika chotsika mtengo wokhala ndi masamba owonda masamba. Masamba amaphimbidwa, ali ndi mawonekedwe lanceolate komanso malekezero. Pamalo pake pamakutidwa ndi mulu wakuda. Pa peduncle yayitali ndimantha a inflorescence ang'onoang'ono oyera. Maluwa amapezeka mu June.
Cotyledon wavy Amapanga chitsamba chamtengo wapamwamba mpaka 80cm. Kuthengo kumawoneka bwino kwambiri. Masamba amtundu wa Rhomboid amakhala ndi madera oyera kwambiri. Pamwamba pa pepala losalala pepala limakutidwa ndi zokutira za ufa. Pamodzi ndi mikwingwirima yoyera, mitundu yoyera yoyera ikuwonekera, ndipo maambulera owala amitundu ikulu pamwamba. Masamba ofiira komanso ofiira otulutsa lalanje amakhala ndi mikwingwirima yaying'ono.
Cotyledon adamva Mitundu yaying'ono yolimba mpaka mainchesi 15. Yophukika, nthambi zophukira zimakutidwa ndi masamba amtundu wa ovoid. Kutali, masamba amafanana ndi zimbalangondo zokhala ndi maonekedwe ofiira. Amayerekezeredwa ndi zibala pamiyendo ya nyama. Zimayambira ndi masamba zimafupika pang'ono. Panicle inflorescence wokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ofiira amatuluka pamwamba pa chitsamba.
Cotyledon colloidal kukumbukira malawi ochokera kutali. Zimayambira pang'onopang'ono pansi ndipo zimapindika pang'ono ndipo zimakutidwa ndi masamba ofiira. Tsitsi loyenda limakhala lalitali masentimita 30 ndi mantha a inflorescence. Ziphuphu zimatha kupakidwa utoto wofiira kapena lalanje.
Cotyledon Amapanga chitsamba chokulirapo mpaka masentimita 80. Pamiyala yokhazikika pali masamba ovunda amphepete. Masamba ndi mphukira zopakidwa utoto wakuda ndipo wokutidwa ndi banga. Pazoyenda masentimita 20 kutalika kwake ndikuwotcha maluwa obiriwira ofiira.
Cotyledon anachita mantha ndi woimira wamkulu wamtunduwu. Kwa zaka zingapo, imakhala yolimba kwambiri, ndipo malekezero ake amakhala masamba. Zolemba zokhala ndi mazira zimafikira 8cm m'litali ndi 4 cm mulifupi. Umbrella ndi mantha a inflorescence ochuluka amakutidwa ndi maluwa ofiira.
Kuswana
Cotyledon imaberekana bwino ndi mbewu ndi njira zamasamba. Pakubzala mbewu zazing'ono gwiritsani ntchito dothi lowala kuchokera kumchenga wosakanizika ndi dothi lamasamba. Poyamba gwiritsani ntchito mabokosi athyathyathya kapena mapallet. Mbewu zimayikidwa mu dothi lonyowa, ndikusunga mtunda pakati pawo. Finyani ndi mchenga pamwamba ndikuphimba ndi filimu. Tsiku ndi tsiku wowonjezera kutentha amawaulutsa ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, amafafaniza kumfuti.
Kuwombera kumaonekera mkati mwa masabata 1-3. Mbewu zachikale zimazidulira mumiphika ing'onoing'ono yokhala ndi gawo laling'ono la akuluakulu. Zomera zazing'ono zimafunika kuthirira mosamala, popeza zimatha kusokonezeka ndi mizu.
Mukadula mizu, magawo apical ndi masamba 2-4 amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Malo odulawo amawazidwa makala ochapira komanso owuma pamtunda masana. Zitatha izi, njirayi imabzalidwa mumsanganizo wa mchenga-peat ndikunyowetsedwa mosamala. Panthawi yozizira, kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala m'malo + 16 ... + 18 ° C.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira kunyumba kwa cotyledon ndikosavuta. Chomera chimafuna kuwala kowala ndi nthawi yayitali masana. Kutentha kwambiri, sikulimbikitsidwa kuyika miphika pazenera lakumwera, kuti musawotche masamba osalala. Popanda kuwala, mtundu wopendekera uja umazimiririka, ndipo masamba amatha kutembenukira chikaso pang'ono pang'ono.
Zomera nthawi zambiri zimalolera kutentha komanso kusintha pang'ono kwa mpweya. Kwa chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika ziweto pamakomo kapena m'munda. Kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe ndi + 18 ... + 25 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, mkati mwa matalala, ndikofunikira kusamutsira mbewuyo kuchipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa + 10 ... + 12 ° C.
Cotyledon amafunika kuthirira kwambiri, amamugwiritsa ntchito chilala pafupipafupi. Pakati pa ulimi wothirira, dothi liyenera kuti liume kwathunthu, ndipo chinyezi chowonjezereka chizituluka kudzera m'maenje okuya. Mpweya wouma si vuto la cotyledon. Nthawi zambiri samawona kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kapena kusamba. Komabe, kudzikundikira kwa madzi m'munsi mwa masamba oyambira masamba kuyenera kupewedwa.
Cotyledon adazolowera dothi losauka ndipo amawononga zinthu zopindulitsa. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumatha kuchitika m'chilimwe chokha. Zophatikiza zama mineral cacti zimawonjezeredwa pamwezi. Podzala, gwiritsani ntchito dothi lokonzekereratu kuti mupeze ndalama kapena konzekerani zosakaniza izi:
- mchenga;
- miyala
- makala;
- dothi lamasamba;
- dziko loumbika dongo.
Thirani ndikuchitika pomwe nthambizo zimamera mumiphika yaying'ono yokhala ndi madzi.
Cotyledon safuna kudulira pafupipafupi. Ndi kuyatsa kokwanira, kumakhalabe ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa kwa nthawi yayitali. Nthawi zina kukhomeka mphukira zazing'ono kumapangitsa kuti munthu azikhala wopanda nzeru. Kudulira kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mitengo yaying'ono. Zomera zimazindikira njirayi.
Zomera sizigwirizana ndi matenda komanso majeremusi. Ndi kuthirira kwambiri, kachilombo ka fungal matenda ndikotheka. Chotsani madera omwe akhudzidwa ndikuumitsa gawo lapansi. Nthawi zina mealybug imapezeka pa cotyledon. Itha kuthana mwachangu ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
