Dyschidia ndi mpesa kufalikira womwe umakhala m'nkhalango zamvula za Polynesia, Australia ndi India. Ndi epiphyte ndipo amadya pa madzi a chomera chomwe adaphatikiza. Kunyumba, dyshidia imamera bwino mu msanganizo wamiyala ya moss ndi pine, yosangalatsa ndi ulusi wamtali wabiriwira ndi masamba osazolowereka, obiriwira.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Dyschidia ndi wa banja lalikulu mu banja la Lastovnie. Liana ali ndi mizu yambiri ya filatera, yomwe ili m'munsi mwa chitsamba, ndipo mphukira zam'mbali zimakutidwa. Momwe mizu imathandizira kuphatikiza, komanso kupeza michere kuchokera kumlengalenga. Mphukira zimakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu ndipo ndizobiriwira utoto. Pazinthu zachilengedwe, amatha kutalika kwa 5 m.
Dyschidia amakula masamba awiri amitundu. Zoyambirira ndizoterera, zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena owongoka. Amayikidwa pang'onopang'ono petioles ndipo amavala zolimba zazitali kutalika konse. Zachiwiri ndi mtundu wamtundu wosungira, zimakhala ngati coconut kapena jug mu mawonekedwe ndipo zimafikira masentimita 5. Masamba ndi thovu, losalala komanso lophimba mkati. Tizilombo timakonda kudutsa mkati ndipo timatola zinyalala zosiyanasiyana za mbewu. Mothandizidwa ndi chinyezi, zopumira zimayamba kuvunda ndikupanga nthaka yathanzi. Popita nthawi, mizu yamlengalenga imamera mkati mwa chikhodzodzo ndipo chomera chimapeza mwayi wopita ku mabus ake.
Kangapo pachaka, dyshidia limamasula. Imakutidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ngati axillary mwanjira ya mabelu. Ziphuphu zimabwera zofiira, zapinki, komanso zoyera. Mphukira zimayikidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono amitundu yayitali ya 2-4.
Maluwa atatha, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi njere. Mbewu iliyonse imakhala ndi ambulera yaying'ono yomwe imawoneka ngati dandelion.
Mitundu ya Dyshidia
Mu vivo, mitundu yoposa 120 ya dyschidia imapezeka, koma ochepa okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pachikhalidwe. Zonsezi ndizoyenera kulima m'nyumba, ngakhale zimafunikira chisamaliro chochuluka.
Ovate Dyschidia. Mtengowo umakhala ndi masamba obiriwira, okhala ndi masamba osalala. Masamba ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi mtundu wa pinki, koma pang'onopang'ono amakhala wobiriwira. Mitambo yoyera imawonekera pamasamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kukongola kwa mtengowo. Mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umawona kukonzekera komanso kuzizira pang'ono.
Russo-dyschidia (Russifolia). Mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri okhala ndi masamba akuluakulu okhala ndi masamba ofunda. Kwa maonekedwe otere, olima maluwa nthawi zambiri amadzitcha "dyshidia mitima ya miliyoni." Pakutha maluwa, maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera ngati chipale chofewa amawonekera m'mizere ya masamba. Maluwa amaphatikizidwa ndi fungo labwino la uchi.
Scalloped dyschidia. Zomera zoyala zimakutidwa ndi mizu ya mlengalenga ndi masamba opitilira muyeso. Mphukira zimapakidwa utoto wobiriwira. Kawiri pachaka, ma liana amatulutsa ndi maluwa a pinki kapena ofanana.
Vidalia dischidia. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wowonekera bwino komanso masamba ambiri ozungulira. Maluwa opepuka a pinki amawonekera katatu pachaka.
Dyschidia wa Hirsut. Mtundu wosowa kwambiri wokhala ndi masamba owongoka, owala pang'ono. Pa tsamba lililonse, mitsempha yothandizira imawoneka. Pa maluwa, ambiri maluwa ang'onoang'ono ofiira amapangidwa pamiyendo yaying'ono.
Raffleza Dyschidia. Zomera zimamera mphukira zazitali (mpaka 5 m), zokutidwa ndi masamba owala, owoneka. Limamasula m'maluwa ang'ono achikasu, omwe amatengedwa mumambule yaying'ono.
Dischidia apulo tsamba. Imakhala ndi zitsamba zolimba komanso masamba akuluakulu. Tsamba lililonse limafanana ndi apulo ndipo limakhala lobiriwira ndi utoto woyera.
Njira zolerera
Dyschidia imafalikira pofesa mbewu kapena kudula. Popeza imapanga mizu yambiri ya mlengalenga, kuzika kwamizu kumakhala kosavuta kwambiri. Ndikokwanira kumadula mphukira yozungulira pafupifupi 10 cm ndikuyiyika. Mutha kuyika phesi mumadzi owiritsa kwa masiku angapo. Madziwo amasinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Amaloledwa kubzala mphukira panthaka. Podzala, gwiritsani ntchito mchenga wonyowa ndi peat gawo lapansi.
Chomera chimafuna chipinda chofunda, chosatsika kuposa + 20 ° C, komanso chinyezi chambiri. Mwezi woyamba, mutha kuphimba mphukira ndi botolo kapena filimu, koma onetsetsani kuti mulowa mpweya tsiku ndi tsiku. Ngati bulble yakucha pafupi ndi chogwirizira, imatha kukhala ndi muzu wokonzekera kubzala. Ndikofunikira kudula tsamba ndikusintha mphukira kukhala chiwiya china.
Pofalitsa mbewu za dyschidia, mumakhala pothira peat ndi mchenga, pomwe njere zake zimadziwitsidwa. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi filimu kapena galasi ndikusiyidwa m'chipinda chowala komanso chotentha. Zikwangwani zimayamba kuwonekera pakatha sabata, koma mbewu zimasungidwa kuchokera ku wowonjezera kutentha pakatha miyezi itatu. Mbande zazing'ono zimathiriridwa pang'ono ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku zimawonjezera nthawi yokhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Nthambi zokhwima zimakhazikitsidwa bwino popanda kusambira pamodzi ndi mtanda. Kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa mizu kungayambitse kufa kwa chomera.
Malamulo Osamalira
Dyschidia imadziwika kuti ndi duwa lofunidwa kwambiri ndipo siwokolola aliyense amene amakulitsa mbewu yayikulu. M'malo mwake, safuna chisamaliro chachikulu, ndikokwanira kusankha malo oyenera. Dyschidia amakonda malo okhala ndi dzuwa ndi otentha okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Ndikofunika kuti tisayike khonde, ngati usiku mpweya ukuyamba kuzizira. Liana amamva bwino muzipinda zokhala ndi mazenera akum'mawa kapena kumadzulo.
Kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya ndi + 25 ... + 30 ° C. Maluwa atamalizidwa, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti dyschidia dormancy nyengo ndikusamutsa kuchipinda chozizira (+ 18 ... + 22 ° C).
Pakubzala, gwiritsani ntchito gawo lapansi loyera la epiphytes. Zosakaniza zofunika zitha kupangidwa palokha mwa izi:
- sphagnum moss;
- makala;
- khungwa labedwa paini;
- mchenga;
- pepala lapansi;
- perlite;
- peat kapena ma rhizomes a fern.
Kuchuluka chinyezi kumatha kupha mizu ya dyschidia. Pakati pa kuthirira ndikofunikira kupukuta kwathunthu gawo lapansi. Ngakhale nyengo yotentha, ndikokwanira kuthirira mbewu 2 kawiri pamwezi. M'nyengo yozizira, nthaka imathiriridwa mwezi uliwonse m'magulu ang'onoang'ono amadzimadzi. Mutha kuphatikiza njira yothirira ndikusamba. Muphika umasamutsidwira kuchimbudzi ndikuthiridwa ndi madzi ofunda a madzi ofunda. Ndikofunikira kukhetsa madzi owonjezera.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi chinyezi chachikulu. Ngati chipindacho chili ndi mpweya wouma, pafupi ndi chomeracho makapu ndi madzi kapena dothi lonyowa. Olima ena okhala ndi zenera m'chipinda chosambiramo amaika chomera m'chipindachi.
Panthawi yogwira ntchito, dyschidia imaphatikizidwa pamwezi ndi mwezi uliwonse. Ndikokwanira kupanga theka lokha la gawo lomwe lasonyezedwatu.
Mafuta abuluu amakopa nsabwe za m'masamba, ma mebubugs ndi akangaude. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kupha msanga ngakhale chomera chachikulire, motero muyenera kuthana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo (vermitek, sunmayte, acarin, arrivo, fitoverm).
