Mtengo wa brachychiton kapena mtengo wachisangalalo, komanso mtengo wa botolo, umadabwitsidwa ndimatumbo osadziwika bwino a thunthu. Chifukwa chake, wokhala ku Australia, Oceania ndi Southeast Asia amalimbana ndi chilala komanso cacti ndi zina. Mitundu ya brachychiton ndiyosiyana kwambiri, m'dziko lathu mitundu yocheperako kwambiri yomwe imakulitsidwa m'nyumba. Komabe, zachilengedwe zimakhala zokhala ndi kutalika kwa 30 mita kapena kupitirira. Nthawi zambiri, akatswiri amapanga nyimbo zodabwitsa kuchokera ku makulidwe amitundu yaying'ono. Mutha kuwaona pa chithunzi cha brachychiton kapena malo ogulitsira ena.
Kufotokozera kwa Brachychiton
Brachychiton ndi wa banja la Malvaceae. Mtunduwu unafotokozedwa koyamba ndi Karl Schumann kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800. Zomera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimapezeka muutundu, chifukwa chake mitundu ya mitundu imatha kusiyanasiyana. Ma brachychitons ndi odabwitsa komanso okhazikika nthawi zonse. Pali zitsamba, zitsamba ndi mitengo yayikulu. Mu chilengedwe, nthawi zazitali mamitala anayi zimakonda. Pali brachychiton ngati chomera, wotalika masentimita 50. Pansi pake pali thunthu ndi nthawi 2-6 kuposa kumtunda kwake.
Masamba amatalika kutalika kwa 20 cm ndi mulifupi masentimita 4. Pali zitsanzo zokhala ndi masamba opyapyala (lanceolate) ndi osiyanasiyana (loled kapena ofunda wamtima). Masamba amangokhala payekha, umakhazikitsidwa ndi petiole yayitali. Pamwamba pa pepalali ndi chikopa, chokhala ndi mitsempha.
Nthawi yomweyo ndikutseguka kwa masamba kapena atagwa, maluwa amatulutsa. Masamba ambiri ang'onoang'ono, ngati mtambo, amakwirira chomera chonse. Maluwa amatenga miyezi yopitilira 3. Maluwa ndi mafupipafupi a 5-6 okhala ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 2 cm.Maluwa amatengedwa mu inflemose inflorescence ndipo amapezeka m'mizere ya masamba. Zomwe zimayambira pa peduncle ndizochepa kutalika. Utoto wa maluwa amatha kusiyanasiyana ndi wachikasu mpaka utoto wofiirira. Mbale zamtundu wa monochromatic kapena zokutira ndi malo osiyana.
Maluwa atakwanira, chipatsocho chimacha ngati mawonekedwe a dothi wokulirapo, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 15 mpaka 20. Mkati mwa pod mumakhala mtedza wowala wokhala ndi malo osalala.
Mitundu yotchuka
Pali mitundu 60 mu genach brachychiton. Tiyeni tikhazikike pa otchuka kwambiri aiwo.
Brachychiton ndi tsamba la mapulo. Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha masamba ake okongola. Amapanga korona wokongola kwambiri. Masamba ndi atatu-, asanu ndi awiri, komanso obiriwira. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi masentimita 8 mpaka 20. Mitengo mpaka 40 m imapezeka m'chilengedwe, koma mbewu mpaka 20 m zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pachikhalidwe. Zomera zimatulutsa chilimwe ndi mabelu ofiira owala, omwe amatengedwa mu inflorescence ya chithokomiro.
Rock brachiquiton. Mtengowo umakhala ndi thunthu lopangidwa ngati botolo ndipo limatha kukula mpaka mamita 20. Pansi, thunthu lake limafikika mpaka 3.5 m, kenako ndikuchepa pang'ono pang'ono. Mitundu yolimbidwa imayang'aniridwa ndi mitundu yaying'ono komanso yocheperako. Masamba ake ndi wozungulira, ali ndi magawo 3-7. Kutalika kwa tsamba lililonse ndi masentimita 7-10, ndipo m'lifupi ndi 1.5-2 masentimita. Kumayambiriro kwa Seputembu, maluwa amkaka achikasu amawoneka ngati belu lotseguka la 5-petal. Dongosolo lililonse la maluwa limayambira 13 mpaka 18 mm.
Variegated brachychiton. Ndiwosatha wokhala ndi korona wokongola kwambiri, wokhala ngati mpanda. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti pamtengo umodzi masamba amitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha kukula: kuyambira lanceolate ndi m'mphepete momveka kuzungulira, multicotyledonous. Limamasamba kwambiri pachilimwe chonse. Duwa lirilonse limakhala ndi miyala isanu ndi umodzi yosanjikizika yakumphepete yakunja. Maluwa ndi achikasu-achikasu, ndipo mkati, pafupi ndi pakati, yokutidwa ndi madontho a burgundy. Masamba amatengedwa mu inflorescence "panicle".
Brachychiton wokhala ndi mitundu yambiri. Ndi mtengo wosakhazikika kapena wamtali wokwera mpaka mamita 30. Nthambi za mbewuzo mwamphamvu ndikupanga korona wokhala ndi mulifupi mwake mpaka mamitala 15. Kuwonekera pansi pa thunthu kuli pafupifupi kusapezeka konse. Masamba amtunduwu ali ndi mtundu wosiyana kuchokera kumtunda wapansi komanso wotsika. Pamwamba adazipaka utoto wobiriwira ndipo amakhala ndiwowoneka wonyezimira, ndipo pansi amakhala wokutidwa ndi yoyera villi. Masambawo amakhala ozungulira mosiyanasiyana, ogawidwa m'malo obiriwira 3-4, amakula masentimita 20. Kuyambira Novembala mpaka February, maluwa akuluakulu ofiira okhala ndi fungo labwino amapangidwa. Brachychitone wapamwamba wokhala ndi fungo la musk.
Brachiquiton Bidville. Zamoyo zamtundu wokhala ndi makulidwe wamba pamtengo. Amadziwika ndi kukula kochepa komanso mitundu yambiri yaing'ono. Kutalika kwakukulu ndi masentimita 50. masamba ake amagawika ma lobes a 3-5 ndikuphimbidwa ndi villi. Masamba atsopano amapakidwa utoto wa bulauni-burgundy, koma pang'onopang'ono amapeza mtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Maluwa ofiira ofiira amawoneka pakati pa kasupe ndipo amapanga panicles wandiweyani pazomera zazifupi.
Njira zolerera
Mutha kugula brachychiton m'masitolo apadera. Kuphatikiza pa mbewu zachikulire, kudula mizu ndi mbewu nthawi zambiri kumagulitsidwa. Brachychiton imafalitsidwa ndi njira zamasamba ndi seminal. Ndiosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kudula kwapabodza kwa munthu wamkulu. Ndikofunikira kuti kuwombera kotsalira kumakhala ndi ma infode atatu. Nthambi zodulidwayo zimayamba kuyikidwa mu yankho la chopukutira chokula, ndipo patapita maola pang'ono zibzalidwe mu dothi-peat osaphimbidwa ndi mtsuko. Mu zobiriwira, mmera umakhala milungu ingapo isanapange mizu yake.
Mbewu zisanabzalidwe kwa tsiku limodzi zimanyowetsedwa mu njira yosangalatsa kapena madzi wamba, kenako ndikufesedwa m'nthaka yokonzeka. Kuphatikiza kwabwino kwambiri ndi peat ndi perlite ndi mchenga. Mbewu zimamera m'masiku 7-20 ndipo zimafunikira malo obiriwira. Kutsitsa kutentha kukhala + 23 ° C kapena kuchepera kumawononga mbewu. Ndikofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuthirira komanso chinyezi chambiri. Zomera zazing'ono zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo zimafunikira chisamaliro.
Malamulo Osamalira
Brachychiton amafunikira chisamaliro chochepa chakunyumba. Ndikokwanira kusankha malo abwino oti mbewuyo ikondweretse, ndipo idzasangalatsa mwiniwakeyo mosadzikuza. Chomera chimafuna kuwala kotalika komanso kowala. Imalekezera dzuwa lowonekera panja, koma pazenera lakumwera kumbuyo kwa zenera lotseguka limatha kuwotchedwa. Muyenera kupanga mthunzi kapena kupereka mpweya wabwino.
Kutentha kwenikweni kwa mtengowo ndi + 24 ... + 28 ° C, koma kumatha kulekerera kuzizira mpaka + 10 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi masana masana itachepa, ndikofunikira kusunthira mumphikawo kumalo ozizira kuti zitsamba zisatambasule kwambiri.
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka pakati pa nthawi yophukira, brachychiton amafunika kuthirira kambiri, koma nthawi yozizira, kuthilira kuyenera kukhala kwathunthu. Ndikofunikira kupereka ngalande zabwino, apo ayi mizu idzakhudzidwa ndi zowola. Panthawi yachilala, brachychiton amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zamkati ndipo amatha kutaya masamba. Njira izi ndizachilengedwe, osayesa kuziletsa. M'chilimwe, nthawi 1-2 pamwezi, mtengowu umadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wama mineral.
Brachychiton amawokeranso monga momwe amafunikira, pakatha zaka zitatu zilizonse. Mtengowo umalekerera njirayi komanso kudulira. Zimathandizira kupanga mtundu wokongola kwambiri korona.
Tizilombo tambiri ta brachychitone ndi kangaude, mbewa, komanso tizilombo tambiri. Kusamba ndi madzi ofunda (mpaka + 45 ° C) kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo (actellik, fufanon, fitoverm) kumathandiza kuthana nawo.
Chomera chimakonda kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa mpweya, makamaka utsi wa fodya. Masamba ayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndikugwa, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mpweya m'chipindacho nthawi zambiri.
