Pachyphytum ndi chomera chokongoletsera yaying'ono kuchokera kubanja la Crassulaceae. Mitundu yokongola iyi ili ponseponse ku Mexico, ndipo mitundu ina imapezeka kumwera kwa United States. Masamba okhala ndi ubweya wonyezimira kapena wamtambo wonyezimira amakhala ngati timiyala. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti pachyphytum amatchedwanso "mwala wamwala."
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Pachyphytum ndiwosazizira. Mizu ya mbewu imakhala ndi nthambi zambiri, koma mizu yakeyo ndi yochepa. Pamwamba pa dziko lapansi pali drooping kapena chitsamba chokwawa ndi mizu yopanda mlengalenga komanso njira zake zamtsogolo. Mitundu yamyama imakhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino kapena masamba achidule. Kutalika kwa tsinde kumatha kufika masentimita 30. Masamba amasanjidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a mpirawo ndipo pang'onopang'ono amagwa pansi.
Masamba opindika ndi oderera, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena osalimba. Mapeto amatha kuloza kapena kusamveka. Masamba adapangidwa ndi utoto wobiriwira, wamtambo kapena wamtambo ndipo amawoneka kuti adakutidwa ndi velvet.
Kuyambira pa Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala, maluwa pachyphytum. Amatulutsa timiyala tautali tating'ono, tosakhazikika kapena koyenda ndi ma inflorescence okhala ngati kangaude. Maluwa amtundu wa mawonekedwe mabelu asanu osindikizika amapentedwa ndi zoyera, zapinki kapena zofiira. Masamba ndi ma petals amakhalanso ndi thupi komanso khungu labwino. Maluwa amaphatikizidwa ndi fungo labwino kwambiri, losangalatsa.
Pambuyo pa maluwa, nyemba zosakhazikika ndi nthangala zing'onozing'ono zimacha pa pachyphytum. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mbeu kumatheka kokha m'chilengedwe, njirazi sizichitika ndi kukula kwa nyumba.
Mitundu ya pachyphytum
Mitundu 10, mitundu 10 ya pachyphytum ndiyolembetsa, koma ena mwa iwo ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazikhalidwe. Otchuka kwambiri ndi awa mitundu.
Pachyphytum oviparous. Mtengowo uli ndi zokwawa kutalika kwa 20 cm komanso pafupifupi 1 cm. Nthambi za mabare pansi ndizakutidwa ndi zipsera za masamba adagwa. Masamba owongoka, amtundu (mpaka 1.5 cm) ndi amtundu wamtambo wamtambo. Nthawi zina nsonga za masamba zimakhala pinki. Kutalika kwa tsamba lamasamba ndi 5 masentimita ndipo makulidwe ndi pafupifupi masentimita 2. Mu Julayi-Seputembala, nyumba yokhala ndi mabelu oyera okhala ndi masamba ofiira ochokera pansi. Kutalika kwa peduncle mwachindunji ndi 20 cm.
Pachyphytum bract. Mtengowo umakhala ndi kutalika kwa 30 cm komanso 2 cm.Masamba adayikidwa m'magulu kumapeto kwa mphukira kukhala rosette wandiweyani. Ma sheet amasamba ndipo amakulitsidwa. Kutalika kwambiri kwa masamba ndi 10 cm ndi mulifupi masentimita 5. Chikopa cha mbewu chimakutidwa ndi utoto wa silvery waxy. Mu Ogasiti-Novembala, ntchentche zowala ngati maluwa (inflorescence) zimatulutsa maluwa okwanira masentimita 40. Maluwa amapaka utoto.
Pachyphytum ndi yaying'ono. Chomera ndichofanana kwambiri. Kutalika kwa tsinde sikupitirira 10 cm. Mphukira imakutidwa kwathunthu ndi masamba. Masamba a cylindrical ali ngati mawonekedwe a mphesa kutalika kwa 4 cm ndi 1 cm. Masamba ndi amtambo wobiriwira ndipo amakhala ndi phula loyera ngati chifuwa. Maluwa amapezeka mkati mwa masika. Pa mtunda wautali wautali (mpaka 40 cm), inflorescence yaying'ono yooneka ngati kaso yamaluwa ofiira.
Pachyphytum lilac. Chomera chifupikitsa, chimakutidwa ndi masamba owala. Masamba odukaduka, otambalala amatha kutalika masentimita 7. Pamaso pa mphukira ndi masamba amakutidwa ndi wokutira wofiirira wofiirira. Paulendo wautali, wowongoka, wamantha wa mabelu amdima wakuda.
Kukula
Pachyphytum imafalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi kudula. Kufalikira kwa mbewu kumafunikira kulimbikira. Mbewu sizimere bwino, choncho, zinthu zatsopano zokha ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pofesa, konzani dothi losakaniza ndi mchenga, womwe umayikidwa m'bokosi lathyathyathya. Nyowetsani nthaka ndikufesa mbewuzo mpaka 5mm. Chotetezacho chimakutidwa ndi filimu ndikusiyidwa mchipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa mpweya chosatsika kuposa + 22 ° C. Tsiku lililonse dziko lapansi limakhala ndi mpweya wokwanira pafupifupi theka la ola ndikuwazidwa ndi madzi. Pambuyo zikamera, pogona chimachotsedwa. Mbewu zachikale osatola zimasinthidwa ndikuziika m'miphika yaying'ono.
Pofalitsa pachyphytum mwanjira yam'mera, gwiritsani ntchito njira yotsogola kapena tsinde. Amadulidwa ndi tsamba lakuthwa ndikusiyidwa mumlengalenga mpaka masiku 7. Zidutswa zouma zimangokhala m'manda mumchenga ndi dothi la peat. Ngati ndi kotheka, pangani chithandizo. Mukazula mizu, nyowetsani nthaka mosamala kwambiri. Pamene pachyphytum imayamba mizu ndikuyamba kutulutsa mphukira zatsopano, ikhoza kuikidwa mu nthaka pazomera zazikulu.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira pachyphytum kunyumba ndikophweka kwambiri. Chomera ichi chimadziwika kwambiri. Podzala, sankhani miphika yaying'ono, popeza yokoma kwa chaka chonse imangowonjezera masentimita ochepa. Payenera kukhala mabowo otchingira madzi mumiphika, ndipo dothi lokumbika lamatope pansi kapena pansi. Kubzala, chisakanizo cha zinthu zotsatirazi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- dothi lamasamba;
- dothi louma;
- mchenga.
Mutha kutenga gawo lokonzekera la cacti osalowerera ndale kapena pang'ono acidic. Onjezani peat osavomerezeka. Pachyphytum imakonda magawo ochepera. Kuika ndi bwino kumachita mchaka chilichonse zaka 1-2.
Pachyphytum imafunikira kuunikira kowala komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Samawopa kuwunika mwachindunji, koma popanda kuwala, masamba amatha kutuwa. Kuwala kumafunikanso kupanga maluwa.
Kutentha kokwanira kotentha mu chirimwe ndi + 20 ... + 25 ° C. M'masiku otentha, tikulimbikitsidwa kupatsirana chipindacho pafupipafupi kapena kuturukiramo potoyo. Nthawi yozizira iyenera kukhala yozizira. Pachyphytum imasamutsidwira kuchipinda komwe kumatentha pafupifupi + 16 ° C. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kuzizira mpaka + 10 ° C ndi pansi kumaphetsa mbewu.
Pachyphytum imathiriridwa mosamala kwambiri. Amazolowera kukomoka nthawi ndi nthawi, koma zochuluka chinyezi zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu. Pakati kuthirira dziko ayenera adzauma zosakwana wachitatu.
Kumwaza mbewuyo ndikosafunanso. Mpweya wouma silili vuto kwa omwe amachokera. Madontho amadzi amatha kusiya zilembo ndikuchepetsa kukongoletsa masamba.
Kuyambira Epulo mpaka Okutobala, mutha kudyetsa mbewuzo kangapo ndi chisakanizo cha cacti. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mchere wa nayitrogeni womwe umapezeka mumulingo wocheperako, ndipo zida za potashi zimapambana. Kwa chaka chokwanira kupanga zovala za 3-4. Ufa kapena yankho limawonjezeredwa ndi madzi kuthirira.
Pachyphytum sikugwidwa ndi tizilombo ndipo amalimbana ndi matenda. Vutoli limatha kukhala zowola mizu, zomwe zimayamba kuthilira kwambiri. Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kupulumutsa mbewu ya munthu wamkulu, chifukwa chake ikadetsa tsinde, zidulidwe zokhala malo athanzi ziyenera kudulidwa ndikuzika mizu. Dothi komanso malo owonongeka amawonongeka, ndipo mphikawo umachiritsidwa.
