Bouvardia ndi chitsamba chobiriwira chokhazikika chomwe chakhala chikulimidwa kwazaka zambiri ndipo chadziwika kwambiri pakati pa olima dimba. Masiku ano, akatswiri otulutsa maluwa akutchera khutu kwa iye, adakhudzidwa ndi kukopa kwake kovuta. Munthu wokhala kudera lotentha la America komanso nkhalango zamvula zam'malo otentha amakhala ndi maluwa ambiri komanso ozungulira. Oberetsa amayamikirira kuwala kowoneka bwino ndipo atulutsa kale maluwa.
Kufotokozera kwa Bouvardia
Mitundu ya Bouvard ndi ya banja la Marenov. Zimaphatikizapo zitsamba zobiriwira zosatha, zitsamba ndi udzu. Mtengowo uli ndi mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri komanso kukula kwake, chitsamba chokulirapo sichimafika masentimita 70. Tsinde lolunjika limapangidwa pang'ono, ndipo ma infode amakhala patali kwambiri.
Masamba owongoka kapena ovoid ali ndi m'mphepete mozungulira ndipo amamangika pa tsinde pa phesi lalitali. Mtundu wa masamba ake ndiwowoneka bwino, wobiriwira. Kutalika kwa pepalali kungakhale 3-11 cm.
Mwa miyala yowala, duwa la bouvardia lidalandira mayina angapo osangalatsa: "fireworks", "hummingbird maluwa", "trumpeter yaying'ono". Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba mu Ogasiti ndipo imatha mpaka Disembala. Chomera chimaponyera ma inflorescence ambiri pamzere wolimba, wokhala ndi masentimita pafupifupi 15. Maluwa amapentedwa ndi ofiira, oyera kapena lalanje. Ali ndi mawonekedwe a tubular ndipo amaphatikizidwa ndi magulu anayi osankhidwa. Mphepete mwa miyala ya m'mphepete mumapindika kunja. Pestle ndi stamens amangotsala chubu.
Mitundu Yodziwika
Pa mtundu wa bouvardia, pali mitundu 30, yotchuka kwambiri ndi iyi:
- Bouvardia smoothiflora - wobiriwira nthawi zonse, womwe umapanga chitsamba mpaka 60 cm. Masamba amaphatikizidwa atatu mokhazikika kapena amakongoleredwa moyang'anizana ndi malo ogulitsira. Pamwambapa, pamakhala kachulukidwe kakang'ono kamene kamapangika. Maluwa ndi a tubular, 4-petal. Kutalika kwa chubu ndi 2 cm, mtundu wa ma petals ndi nsomba kunja komanso kofiirira mkati.
Bouvardia smoothiflora - Mphatso zazitali zazitali - Mtundu wamtali kwambiri wokhala ndi zimayambira zazitali komanso maudzu. Kutalika kwa tchire kumafika masentimita 90. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupangira nyimbo. Masamba adafota, ali moyang'anizana. Mitengo yowonda kwambiri imapangidwa mu axils masamba apical. Amapaka utoto woyera kapena wopepuka, kuphatikiza fungo labwino.
Mphatso zazitali zazitali - Bouvardia kunyumba Mumasiyana kukula kwake komaso masamba owonda pang'ono. Maluwa osavuta kapena awiri amasonkhana mosiyanasiyana. Timapepala ta Ovate wokhala ndi malire. Kutalika kwa pepala la pepala sikupita 5 cm.
Bouvardia kunyumba - Bouvardia chikasu - shrub yayitali ndi masamba lanceolate ndi inflorescence yachikasu.
Bouvardia chikasu - Bouvardia Jasmine-wamaluwa - mitundu yazing'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, tchire lonse limakutidwa ndi maluwa oyera ngati chipale chofewa ndipo limakhala ndi fungo la jasmine.
Bouvardia Jasmine-wamaluwa
Zoweta zinabereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosakanizidwa yomwe imasiyana kukula kwake ndi mtundu wa masamba, izi zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha wosangalatsa kwambiri pakati pa oyimilira mbiya komanso maluwa.
Njira zolerera
Njira yabwino kwambiri yokhala bouvardia ndi kufalitsa ndi odulidwa. Ndikokwanira kumadula mphukira yowoneka bwino ndi ma whcs atatu masika kuchokera kumera wamkulu ndikuyika m'madzi. Pakupita masiku angapo, mizu yoyamba imawonekera ndipo mphukira itabzalidwe m'nthaka. Chomera mwachangu chimayamba kukula ndikuyamba kupeza nthambi zina. Pakatha mwezi, ndizodziimira palokha ndipo safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Maluwa ndizotheka mchaka chodzala.
Mukamagawa mizu pachitsamba chachikulu, maluwa adzayimitsidwa mpaka chaka chachiwiri. Kubzala wachichepere wachinyamata pogwiritsa ntchito mchenga ndi peat mosiyanasiyana. Pakuzika mizu, mphukira imakutidwa ndi film kapena galasi kuti apange greenhouse.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira bouvard ndikosavuta. Zomera sizifunikira kuwunikira nthawi zonse, ndikokwanira kusankha malo oyenera nthawi yomweyo. Zomera zazing'ono ndi zazikulu zomwe zimabzalidwe mu dothi losakanikirana ndi izi:
- Dothi lamasamba 40%;
- 40% dothi louma;
- 20% mchenga.
Popeza mizu yake ndi yaying'ono komanso yopanda, miphika imasankhidwa yaying'ono komanso yosalala. Pansi pali linga ndi dambo lokwanira ndipo mabowo okutsuka amayeretsedwa. Chinyezi chosasunthika chimatha kuvunda mizu ndikuwononga duwa.
Kwa bouvardia, mawindo akumwera ndi kum'mawa ndi abwino kwambiri, komwe adzalandira kuwala kokwanira. Kuwala kwakutali ndi kowala kumathandizira pakupanga maluwa. M'chilimwe, miphika imatha kutengedwera kunja kwa khonde kapena dimba. Zokongoletsa kapena kuziziritsa usiku mu tchire sizowopsa.
Bouvardia imafunikira kuthirira yambiri, koma madzi owonjezera ayenera kusiya nthaka osakonzedwa kuti rhizome isayambe kuvunda. Pamasiku otentha mutha kuwaza mphukira kuchokera pa mfuti yokula. Ngakhale nthawi yozizira, pakakhala nthawi yopuma, simuyenera kusiya kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Mpweya wouma m'chipinda chotentha umapangitsa masamba kusiya ndi kugwa.
Nthawi yakula ya bouvardia, kuvala pamwamba sikupweteka. Zomera zomwe zimakula kwambiri zimavuta kupeza zinthu zofunikira panthaka. Zovuta zam'mimba zokhala maluwa zimapereka katatu pamwezi. Pambuyo maluwa, bouvardia amafunika kudulira kwakukulu. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa mpaka 70% ya kukula kwathunthu, ndiye kuti mphukira zatsopano zidzawoneka m'malo mwake, pomwe maluwa adzapangidwe. Popanda kudulira, mbewuyo imatambasuka msanga ndipo zitatha zaka 3-4 izifunikira kupangidwanso.
Mavuto osamalira omwe angakhale
Bouvardia amanyadira kwambiri matenda ndi majeremusi. Nthawi zina, nyengo yotentha, nsabwe za m'masamba zimakumana nayo. Kusamba kwamasamba ambiri pansi pa sopo lotentha ndikuchiritsa ndi sopo njira kumathandizira kuchotsa majeremusi. Muzovuta kwambiri, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Ngati zomwe zili ndi zinthu zoyipa zitha kulowa m'madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira, tsamba chlorosis limachitika. Zimawonetsedwa ndi chikaso ndi kulephera kwa masamba kuphatikiza michere. Kudyetsa ndi kukonzekera kwachitsulo ndikuthirira ndi oyeretsedwa, madzi otetezedwa bwino amathandiza.
Ngati chinyezi chitha kulowa m'nthaka ndipo mizu yake imavunda, zimakhala zosatheka kupulumutsa mbewuzo. Pankhaniyi, odulidwa kuchokera ku mphukira zathanzi amadulidwa, ndipo kachizidwe kakale kamatayidwa.
Gwiritsani ntchito
Maluwa a Bouvardia ndi okongola kwambiri kotero kuti amatha kukongoletsa dera lililonse m'mundamo kapena m'nyumba. Tchire zowoneka bwino zimawoneka bwino mumaphika ang'onoang'ono kapena mumiphika yamaluwa. Nthawi yamaluwa, imakutidwa ndi masamba osalala.
Bouvardia nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa dimba, khonde kapena ngalande. Chifukwa cha izi, miphika yokhala ndi mbewu imatengedwa mumsewu. Amamva bwino panja asanagwe.
Maluwa okongola a maluwa ataliatali atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga maluwa. Odzola maluwa amagwiritsa ntchito maluwa paphwando la akazi komanso ukwati. Masamba, ngakhale atatsekedwa, amawoneka okongola kwambiri ndipo amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence yayikulu, yowala. Nthambi imadulidwa pomwe maluwa awiri okha ndi awiri amatsegulidwa kuti athe kukuza maluwa. Ndikusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse, maluwawo amakhala atsopano kwa masabata 1-3. Kumbukirani kuti masamba salabadira utsi wa fodya komanso utsi wa fodya.
