Echinocereus ndi wokongola kwambiri komanso wopatsa chidwi kuchokera ku banja la a Cactus. Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi minga mu mawonekedwe a akangaude, omwe amangobisa masamba okha, komanso zipatso zazing'ono. Pazinthu zachilengedwe, cactus amatha kupezeka m'nkhalango zazitali pamphepete mwa US-Mexico. Chomera chokongola ichi chimakongoletsa nyumbayo ndi tsinde lokongoletsera ndi maluwa okongola, chifukwa chake chimakondedwa kwambiri ndi wamaluwa.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Cactus echinocereus ali ndi chozungulira kapena chokhala ndi tsinde. Njira zambiri zamtsogolo zimawonekera pompopompo. Kutalika kwa tsinde lofewa, lomwe nthawi zina limakhala masentimita 15-60. Khungu loonda limapakidwa utoto wonyezimira. Pang'onopang'ono, m'munsi mwa tsinde mutha kukhala wachikasu.
Thunthu lake limakutidwa ndi nthiti zowonekera muyezo wa magawo 5-21. Atsikana ali pamiyala. Ma spine okhazikika amatha kutalika kapena kufupikitsidwa, kumamatira pang'onopang'ono pa tsinde kapena kuphatikizika. Mu areola, pakhoza kukhala singano 3-30 mpaka 10 cm.
Maluwa amatha kupanga ngakhale pazomera zazing'ono. Maluwa samawonekera mu areola palokha, ngati cacti ambiri, koma pafupi nayo. Minofu yotsika imang'ambika ndipo duwa lalikulu la tubular limawonekera. Mlingo wa belu lotseguka kwambiri ndi masentimita 1.9 mpaka 15. Mbale zamtunduwu zokongoletsedwa ndizowongoka komanso zopindika pang'ono. Maluwa amapaka utoto wobiriwira, wofiira, wapinki kapena wachikasu. Pa maluwa, echinocereus imakhala fungo lamphamvu la zipatso. Pakatikati pake pali mtolo wa masamu ndi chizimba. Ngakhale kunja kwa chubu chamaluwa kuli mizere yayifupi.
Zipatso zokhala ngati mipira yaying'ono zimakutidwa ndi khungu lonyezimira, lofiira ndi spines zambiri. Pakatikati mwa chipatso ndi masentimita 1-3,5. Juwiti zamkati muli zipatso zing'onozing'ono. Amakhala ndi kukoma kwa sitiroberi, komwe Echinocereus amatchedwa sitiroberi wa hedgehog. Zipatso zitha kudyedwa.
Mitundu ya Echinocereus
Banjali lili ndi mitundu pafupifupi 70 yabwino kubzala m'nyumba. Malo ogulitsa maluwa ambiri amakhala ndi zilembo za echinocereus, zomwe zimapereka mitundu yonse ndi zithunzi za cacti. Izi zimathandiza kupanga chisankho chomaliza ndikupanga kugula.
Chikhulupiriro cha Echinocereus. Mtengowo uli ndi tsinde la cylindrical wokhala ndi mutu wozungulira. Kutalika kwake sikupitirira 20 cm ndi mulifupi mwake masentimita 3-6. Pamwamba pa tsindewo ndi yokutidwa ndi matope osaya, osanjikiza ofikira muyezo wa zidutswa 20-30. Zowoneka bwino, zomangika zazifupi zimangokhala kuti zimakankhira kunthaka ndikupanga mawonekedwe apadera padziko lapansi. Maluwa otseguka bwino maluwa okhala ndi mainchesi a 6-8 masentimita amapangika kumtunda kwa mphukira.
Echinocereus Reichenbach. Cylindrical wakuda wobiriwira umatheka ndikukula ndi mphukira zambiri zakuda zobiriwira. Mbiya ndi yotalika pafupifupi 25cm komanso 9cm m'lifupi. Kufikira nthiti 19 zokhotakhota kapena zowongoka. Atsikana ali ndi ma sparse pubescence ndi ma chikasu oyera oyera oyera Singano zopindika pang'ono komanso zopindika zimachoka mbali zonse. Pamwamba pa tsindeyo mumakhala zokongoletsedwa ndi maluwa akuluakulu apinki kapena ofiirira omwe ndi mainchesi ofambira 10 cm.
- armatus - thunthu lokhala ndi nthiti 20 lakuthwa limakutidwa ndi timiyala totalika (mpaka 3 cm).
- baileyi - tsinde lophimbidwa ndi mitanda yachilendo yautali wa perpendicular spines ndi maluwa akulu (mpaka 12 cm);
- albispinus - phesi yacylindrical mpaka 15 cm kutalika kokhala ndi madontho omwe ali ndi ma buluzi omwe ali ndi singano zokulungidwa kumutu. Pamwambapa amakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa ofiirira omwe ndi mainchesi a 6-7 cm.
Echinocereus tricuspid. Mtengowo umasiyanitsidwa ndi zozungulira, zomwe zimakulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono. Pa mphukira wobiriwira wonyezimira pali nthiti 5-12 zokhala ndi mafupa amfupi. Mu mtengowu, muli ma singano angapo owoneka ngati chikasu achikasu ndi singano zinayi zakuda kwambiri.
Echinocereus kolimba - chomera chokongola kwambiri. Phula lake limakhala lokwera masentimita 30 mpaka 10 cm, utoto wobiriwira komanso wokutidwa ndi nthiti za 15-23. Zovala zazifupi zokhotakhota zimakanikizidwa pakhungu ndikupanga chovala chokongoletsera, chokongola. Ma singano amatha kukhala oyera chikasu kapena chofiirira.
Echinocereus wopanda. Mtengowo umadziwika ndi mizere yochepa kwambiri. Pa tsinde lobiriwira la cylindrical, nthiti zachithandizo zimawoneka zokwanira 11 mayunitsi. Ma Rare arepar amakhala ndi singano zazifupi za 3-8 zopindika kuzungulira. Kutalika kwake ndi 1-7 mm. Kumtunda kwa tsinde pali maluwa akuluakulu achikasu okhala ndi mainchesi 12 cm.
Njira zolerera
Kubalanso kwa ecinocereus ndikotheka pofesa mbewu ndikuzika mu njira zamtsogolo. Kubzala mbewu kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza mbewu zambiri, koma kutayika kwa zilembo zamtunduwu ndizotheka. Asanabzala kwa mwezi umodzi, njerezi zimasungidwa kuzizira mufiriji pa kutentha kwa + 4 ... +5 ° C. Zofesedwa mumchenga wonyowa ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Chotetezacho chimasungidwa pamalo otentha, chokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira komanso chofewa. Kuwombera kumawonekera mkati mwa masabata awiri. Zomera zazikulu zimayamwa ndikubzala m'miphika yaying'ono kapena chidebe chofalikira chokhala ndi dothi la cacti.
Njira zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa m'munsi mwa chimtengo cha echinocereus. Amasiyanitsidwa ndikuwuma masiku awiri. Filimu yoyera ikadzadulidwa, mutha kukankha pang'ono pang'onopang'ono padothi lonyowa. Mpaka mizu itawonekera, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge mmera. Ndikwabwino kuthirira ndi njira yofota kuti madzi asadzikundikire pansi pa tsinde. Mizu imachitika mosavuta, pakatha masiku 15 mpaka 20 mbewuyo imayamba kukula mwachangu.
Malamulo okula
Kusamalira echinocereus sikutanthauza njira zapadera. Nthawi zambiri, miphika imayikidwa m'malo owala: pafupi ndi mawindo, pamakonde kapena m'malo obiriwira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti chilimwe chizipezetsa mpweya wabwino, kuteteza ku zojambula ndi mvula. Zowunikira ziyenera kukhala zowala, ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuwala kwa dzuwa mwachindunji mu cacti. Mapazi okhala ndi malovu osowa omwe amazolowera pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono.
M'nyengo yotentha, echinocereuses amalekerera ngakhale kutentha kwambiri, koma pakugwa ndikofunikira kupereka zoziziritsa kukhosi. Kutentha kwa mpweya sikuyenera kupitirira +12 ° C. Mwachilengedwe, mbewu zimatha kupirira nyengo yotentha, koma maluwa amkati sayenera kuzizidwa ndi chisanu.
Kuthirira echinocereus ndikofunikira pang'ono, kulola nthaka kuti iume bwino pakati pa kuthirira. Madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ofunda, kukhazikika. Cactus amatha kukhalapo mu mpweya wouma, koma kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumathandiza.
Mu Epulo-Ogasiti, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza manyowa pamwezi. Zophatikiza michere ya cacti amadzidulira m'madzi ndi madzi. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osakhala apadera sikuyenera. Ndikwabwino kungoyendetsa maluwa kukhala panthaka yatsopano.
Thirani ndikupangidwa mchaka chilichonse zaka 2-4. Miphika yomwe mungasankhe osati yakuya kwambiri, koma yotakata, yokhoza kukhazikitsa ana ambiri. Mipira, dongo lokakulitsidwa kapena njerwa zosweka amazitsanulira pansi. Kubzala, dothi losaloledwa komanso lopepuka la:
- dothi louma;
- miyala
- mchenga;
- makala.
Wochulukitsa echinocereus samathiriridwa madzi kwa masiku atatu.
Cactus echinocereus amatiteteza ku matenda komanso majeremusi. Ndikungothirira kosayenera, mizu yake ndi zimayambira zimakhudza zowola zosiyanasiyana. Pankhaniyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyimitsa kuthirira kapena kumuyika mbewu, komanso kuchitira mizu ndi fungicides.
